Contributions to Surgery and Medicine

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6000472230

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'ary 1883.

CONTRIBUTIONS

Ik

SURGERY AND MEDICINE,

NERVE INH I B ITIO K

II-; KCIAJK'N 70 THE

PRACTICE OF MEDICINE

H. O. THOMAS.

LONDON :
H K. Lewis, 136, (Ioweb Sikket,

Part VIII.

January 1883.

CONTRIBUTIONS

TO

SURGERY AND MEDICINE.

NERVE INHIBITION

AND ITS RELATION TO THE

PRACTICE OF MEDICINE

JJY

H. O. THOMAS.

Z<

LONDON :
H. K. Lewis, 136, Gower Street.

c

• V * ■' '6 ^

LIVERPOOL:
DOBB & Co., GENERAL PRINTERS, 229, BROWNLOW HILL.

1883.

ON THE

INHIBITION OF NERVES.

THE THEORY OF THE ACTION OF REMEDIES AND ITS VALUE

TOWARDS ELUCIDATING THE QUESTION OF THE

EXISTENCE OF INHIBITORY NERVES.

For many years, I have carefully noted the effect which
followed the administration of certain drugs used in medical
practice, which have been favourites with physicians for
many centuries, and have observed in common with
others a peculiarity, viz., that during their action symp-
toms at times appear which are apparently inconsistent
with those to be expected, from their attributed quality,
the exception occurring nearly as frequently as signs
of action consistent with their classification in thera-
peutics. A search in the records given us by authori-
ties in therapeutics for an explanation of this anomaly,
only informed me, that a drug with a given quality
might, in special doses or under special circumstances,
act as though it were a drug of another quality, or
a drug at times might so act that symptoms indicative
of opposite causes would follow the use of one drug,
— a sort of dual action. This theory appeared to me

preposterously unreasonable, and being based upon no
exact data, I was unable to accept it. After giving this
matter long consideration, and at the same time, hap-
pening to take some interest in, and perusing the con-
tributions of investigators, regarding the open question
of the existence of nerves of inhibition, this led me
to the conclusion, that the question of inhibition was one
which would throw some light upon the action of drugs,
and conversely the action of drugs would also clear away
much of the haze that surrounded the unsettled questioii
of the existence of inhibitory nerves. Any drug pie-
scribed during the treatment of disease, must belong to one
of the two classes known as sedatives and stimulants.
There is no remedy that can act without the induction
of retardation or acceleration of vital action, if we except
tonics, which in latter times have very properly been termed
"chemical food," and, if they are of any use at all, must
act as aliments do, by supplying certain elements essential
to the attainment or maintainance of the normal standard
of vigour in the body.

To explain my views in relation to the action of

remedies, and give my quota towards the elucidating of

the subject of inhibition, the action of a few of those

sedatives and stimulants, best known to me, will be dis-
cussed in the following pages.

SEDATIVES-

The action of physiological doses and the probable effect of
therapeutic doses of many remedies have, in most instances,
been deduced from observing the effect of lethal or toxic doses.
Such conclusions are not trustworthy evidence of the remedial
qualities of drugs, inasmuch as when the lethal condition is
approached the distinguishing signs of special poisoning begin
to merge, so that their identity is nearly lost. For instance,
the differences between a fatal dose of belladonna and one of
opium, or strychnia, are less than the variations of symptoms
to be noticed when the subject is under a safe or physiological
dose of either of these. The effect of a fall of a balk of
timber on one person, would give no information to a witness
as to what would follow if there descended on another
person a portion of timber too light to kill. Again, con-
clusions arrived at, after witnessing the action of toxic doses,
have been tinged by our previous opinion of their qualities.
This antecedent bias has caused even recent investigators to
assert the possibility of certain medicines possessing, in varied
doses, diverse properties, — stimulating one and depressing at
the same time another structure.* This error has arisen from
insufficient attention to the fact, that each drug has a special
affinity for certain structures^ thus causing a temporary defect of
co-ordination,

• Royle's Materia Medica, page 754.— Article, Morphia

Some writers on therapeutics have made a class distinction
between drugs of similar quality, sedatives and narcotics,*
this classification being based upon the varying degree of
affinities of drugs with like quality for particular structures.
I fail to see that this is any justification for separating
those drugs which have been termed sedatives and narcotics.
To me the terms are synonymous. To place various drugs in
diverse classes because they may vary in affinity for separate
structures is as unreasonable, as to vary the species of the
different members of the human race, on account of the
quality of the food they incline to. Sedatives or narcotics
retard life, and their effect upon the structures, which they
primarily operate upon, is to inhibit more or less their function
which causes in other structures, unaffected by the sedative^ the
signs of defective inhibition, or want of co-ordination.

In experiments performed upon the vagus nerve, all me-
chanical interference, such as section, ligature, and electric
shock, has been termed stimulation or excitation of the nerve, t
This is, in my opinion, incorrect, as it is evident to me that
in the majority of recorded experiments, these generally give
rise to a shock to the nerve, arresting its action.} These

* Royle, Headland, and J. Harley.

t Foster's Physiology, page 119.

X Surgeons frequently observe instances which illustrate the variable effect
lollowing mechanical interference with life. For example, a person falls from the
top of a flight ot steps, and immediately he suffers from faintness, palor of skin,
sickness, and all the signs of shock. Again, another individual descends from a
height of fifty feet, and suffers from simple excitement, and perhaps immediately
ascends to the same position and continues his labour.

experiments have also shown that nerves are capable of
acquiring some degree of habituation, so that the shock from
mechanical interference loses its effect, just what we observe
to follow in the use of drugs.* In proof that mechanical
irritation of this nerve induces a condition of shock, we have
the accepted fact that atropia (true stimulant )t protects the
nerve from the shock consequent upon mechanical disturbance. J
I have not as yet met with any evidence which proves the
existence of any inhibitory nerve fibres in this or any other
nerve.

Again, diverse qualities have been attributed to drugs from
observing their mode of action varied upon the lower animals
as regards symptoms, in . comparison with the signs of their
action on man; but this fact does not inform us that any
drug varies in its properties, whether given to man or any of
the lower animals.§ It only demonstrates that drugs vary in-
their affinity for analogous structures in the various types of
animals experimented on ; and that one drug may give rise
to varied degrees of intensity of symptoms in special tissues
of the several types of animals tested; yet, in all, the qualifying
drug effect will be found to be identical.

* Preliminary account of an inquiry into the Functions of the Visceral Nerves, by
J. Lister. Pages 376-7.— Pro-Royal Society, 1859.

t See Stimulants.

t Foster's Physiology, page 171.

S Harley— Vegetable Neurotics, pages X05-6 and 191-2.

Do sedatives act as direct stimulants ? I brieve they do
not ; but during their action there may be simulated stimula-
tion, and in those instances where this simulation appears^
it is during their primary sedative action, — then also the
sedative is exerting a minimum or sectional effect only. To
illustrate my views, I will discuss the action of opium and
alcohol, remedies that properly belong to the class of pure
sedatives, and which by their action upon the several
organs of the body prove it. Their effects can be best ob-
served by noticing their physiological influence upon the iris,
heart, blood-vessels, and viscera. If a full dose of opium,
short of being a rapidly fatal dose, be given, the diameter
of the pupil becomes diminished. This is caused by the
drug having a primary sedative or paralysing action upon the
radiating muscular fibres of the iris, through its primary affinity
for the sympathetic system of nerves specially controlling the
radiating muscular fibres. But if a fatal dose be adminis-
tered, then the cerebro-spinal nerves, hitherto less affected by
by the opium, show signs of its full toxic effect, and the
circular muscular fibres of the iris also become paralysed, as
evidenced by the increased diameter of the pupil. The
effect of opium upon the heart and blood-vessels is to act
first upon the blood-vessels, but, secondarily on the heart*
Hence we have at first an increased volume in the pulse from
diminished tonicity, and finally a slower rate of beat when the
dose has been sufficient and has had time to influence the
heart. There is also to be observed a diminution of the solid

constituents in the liquid secretions of the body and a fall of
temperature. All these are signs of retardation of vital
changes — sedative action. The exception to these general
signs of the physiological effect of opium is to be met with
when small initial doses of opium are given; then may be
noticed acceleration of pulse and vomiting, which may be
thought to indicate stimulation rather than retardation.

In explanation of this clinical fact, which appears to dis-
prove my contention, I advance the following reasons : —
( I ) This simulated stimulation is only temporary, and is
evidence that the drug has affected only those structures for
which it has a primary affinity — the time being too short or
the dose too small for its full physiological action to have been
developed : and thus the phenomena of the so-called defective
inhibition or want of co-ordination appear, — this is often inter-
preted as indicating stimulation. (2) That by the use of any
remedy there is introduced into the system a foreign body,
which may give rise to some temporary constitutional dis-
turbance until some amount of habituation has been acquired.
We have many familiar examples of this, — as change of air,
diet, pleasure, relief of pain, sea voyage, — yet no physician
would advise a trip to sea in place of prescribing an
emetic, the latter being nearer at hand and more certain of
action. So with opium, its indirect effect in simulating
stimulation is not so ready or safe as employing a genuine
stimulant, when the effect is desired. (3) The most

probable explanation of the non-occurrence of vomiting,
in some / instances, after the administration of opium I
believe is this, that in some subjects, especially children,
it rapidly affects the pneumogastric nerve and its branches, so
that defective co-ordination is avoided, and thus the stomach
and intestines remain quiescent 'i'he proof of this are
the observed clinical facts that only large doses produce vomi-
ting at the commencement of their action, or at the termination
of their action, i.e., when the pneumogastric nerve has not
been yet reached by the drug or its influence on the nerve is
waning, — this nerve being affected later and recovering earlier
from the drug than the sympathetic nerves. ' There is further
proof in the fact that when opium is given by the skin
method its action is rapidly operative all round, and the period
of possible and isolated excitement of the pneumogastric
nerve and its branches is bridged over so that vomiting is
avoided. This explanation of the phenomena of vomiting
after the use of a sedative is quite consistent with what we
observe of. the effect from doses of belladonna, which also
induces vomiting occasionally.

Many of the prevailing errors regarding the therapeutic
effects of both opium and alcohol have arisen from misrepre-
sentation of the signs of their action, and of the symptoms of
the disease which they were required to correct.

Alcohol in its various forms, as in popular use, I maintain
to be a drug possessing purely sedative properties, and in its

method of action is allied to opium. It primarily affects the
sympathetic nerves, then the vagus, and finally the cerebro-
spinal system. When the nerves become subject to a full
non-toxic dose, the pupil contracts ; but after a fatal dose has
been taken, the pupil dilates some time before death.* The
action of alcohol upon the heart and blood-vessels, through
the vagus and sympathetic system, is also analagous to that of
opium. Primarily it attacks the blood-vessels through the
sympathetic nerves, diminishing their tonicity, — thus relieving
the heart from blood pressure, — so that the initial signs of its
action may be a temporary acceleration of the pulse, as well
as an increase of its volume, simulating' stimulation ; but if
the dose is sufl&ciently increased, then the heart is affected,
and the pulse also becomes reduced in rate.

Again, by alcohol, the solid constituent of the liquids
secreted are diminished, and the normal quantity of carbonic
acid exhaled by the lungs is reduced ; and in corroboration of
these ascertained data there is to be observed a fall of tem-
perature. All these signs point to a purely sedative result —
retardation of life, not acceleration or stimulation. The
simulated signs of stimulation by alcohol arise from the
primary affinity that certain doses of alcohol have for certain
nerve structures, and a misinterpretation of the signs of its
primary action has engendered the belief that true stimulation
is gained ; and though sometimes this mistake in practice may

* Anstie, on Stimulants and Narcotics.

do no harm, yet when true stimulation is required its adminis-
tration may be a serious error. Its primary eflfect cannot
be trusted, as a safe substitute, when stimulation is urgently
demanded and requires to be continued It may be argued
that contraction of the pupil, when influenced by alcohol, may
be brought about by stimulation of the circular muscular fibres
of the iris, and not by paralysis of the radiating muscles.
But the only explanation admissible regarding the mechanism
of the increased volume of the arteries when influenced by
alcohol, enables us to check our deduction regarding the
mechanism of the action of the iris under its influence. If this
drug could stimulate, then the diameter of the blood-vessels
would be lessened from contraction of their circular muscular
coat. Again, if alcohol could stimulate, then its primary
affinity for structures specially under the control of the sympa-
thetic nerves would cause this stimulating property to influence
first the radiating fibres of the iris, and dilatation would
be the first alteration observed in the pupil during its
first stage of action.

Other neurotic sedatives act, after introduction into the
human frame, much like opium and alcohol. I have observed
the action of Calabar Bean frequently during later years,
when prescribing it for chorea, tetanus, and the muscular spasm
attendant upon fractures of bones. I have observed that its
action has many signs in common with opium and alcohol.
In ihe early stage of its action the sympathetic nerves first

begin to feel its effect, and we have vomiting and purging,
from its delayed effect upon the pneumogastric branches of
nerves supplying the muscles of the intestinal muscular coat ;
but as soon as the sympathetic nerves succumb to its influence,
then the cerebro-spinal nerves are inhibited also^ and the
striated muscles relax. The heart is not as much inhibited
by this drug as it is by digitalis, but its sedative action ^upon
the heart is greater than that of opium or alcohol.

During the physiological action of Calabar Bean^ the pupil
becomes contracted from palsy of the radiating muscle pf the
iris, but as soon as a lethal dose is operative the pupil dilates

r

before death, showing that the other nerve centres have been
influenced* Henbane, another drug of the sedative class,
during its primary action dilates the pupil, and this is
explicable by the fact that Henbane possesses a primary
affinity for the cerebro-spinal nervous system, t Experiments
have shown that the striated muscles are first controlled by it ;
secondly, the sympathetic; and finally the vagus becomes
inliibited, so that the pulse, accelerated during its primary
action is finally reduced below the normal rate.

Digitalis again, is a sedative that possesses a primary
affinity for the vagus, and is practically useful in influencing
the importaiit organs to which the nerve is distributed.
Its sedative property, negatives its being prescribed in

* Anstie, on Stimulants and Narcotics, page 481.

t Experiments of Harley, and the Clinical Observations of Dr. T. Browne.^Britisb
Medical Journal, Nov. 25tb, 1882.

those cases of heart disease, where there exists degeneration
of its motor structure. During its primary or physio-
logical action it has no effect upon the muscles of the
iris, and the anatomy of the nerve, which Digitalis primarily
affects, excludes the probability of the iris being influenced
until a lethal dose of the drug has been taken and other
nerve centres have become poisoned by it, then the pupil
dilates before death. When the merits of various anaes-
thetics are discussed, aether is frequently incorrectly referred
to as a heart stimulant, when the proper explanation of
its merit should be, that its afl&nity for the heart, probably
through the vagus, is less than that of chloroform, and thus
it becomes a safer anaesthetic In the action of septic poisons
there are examples of special afl&nity for various structures,
these so operating, that the so-called signs of defective inhibi-
tion or want of co-ordination become the distinctive signs of
special diseases.

I feel some confidence in predicting that in the medical
practice of the future, this aflfinity for certain structures,
l)ossessed by contagious and infective poisons, will become
a basis for the selection of aids in treating the diseases
which these poisons cause, instead of the present tendency at
attempting to neutralise the original evil by a general antiseptic
saturation of the blood and tissues, we shall in future have
more of physiology and pathology with our chemistry to
guide the physician.

STIMULANTS.

I SHALL only discuss the physiological effect and medicinal
results that follow the use, either experimentally or thera-
peutically, of belladonna, this drug being selected in
consequence of its value, in my opinion, as a pure
stimulant of nerve centres controlling organs essential to
life.

Difference of opinion prevails among therapeutic authori-
ties, as to whether certain drugs are endowed with sedative
or stimulant properties.

By the term " stimulant " I mean any matter which, after
its introduction into or absorption by vital tissues, increases
the activity of the condition antecedent to its introduction,
without supplying the source of force for maintaining this
increase of power or function — ^as food can do. />., a
stimulant draws upon a reserve, which can only be renewed
by food. How therapeutists could have come to the con-
clusion that belladonna

"Possesses powerful anodyne and hypnotic properties." "Valuable
antispasmodic."*

At the same time

"Stimulant effect on the circulation,"— " potent diuretic" — *

* Harley, Vegetable Neurotics, page 244. Headland, Actions of Medicines, page
275. Royle, Materia Medica. page 493.

is to me explicable only by the supposition that investigators
have not made the physiological doses of belladonna the
basis for their deduction in prescribing, and its toxic effects
their basis for antidotal treatment

If the S3mfiptoms which follow the physiological doses of
belladonna, are analysed, there always remains evidence of
stimulation, and during its action the phenomenon of
special affinity for certain structures is demonstrable, just as
may be observed during the action of sedatives. Its effect
in full physiological doses is to stimulate the radiating fibres
of the iris by its special affinity for the sympathetic nerves,
a branch of which aids in regulating the radiating muscle
of the iris ; but it may be said that this dilatation of the
pupil by belladonna arises by the same mode of action as
that which causes Henbane to dilate the pupil. But this
objection is inconsistent with the fact, that the blood-
vessels are diminished in calibre when under the influence
of belladonna, from the contraction of their muscular coat
(necessarily a stimulative result), so that the pulse is less per-
ceptible, but increased in tone, and the temperature becomes
elevated. Further, the heart's action is always accelerated by
belladonna from its secondary affinity for and stimulating
effect on the vagus nerve, which nerve this drug can protect
from the collapse arising from mechanical irritation,* provided
the use of the drug be such as not to approach too near the

* Foster's Physiology, page 171.

toxic area. During the action of belladonna the solid con-
stituents of the liquids excreted are increased — another phase
of stimulation. Hitherto no evidence has been^ made known
which shows that belladonna retards life so long as its action
does not overstep the area of physiological action — that of
safety ; and this area of perfect safety in a healthy subject is
exceeded as soon as the drug, whether sedative or stimu-
lant, begins to act beyond the structures, for which it has
a primary or special affinity. A remarkable discord of
opinion exists in explanation of how belladonna can benefit
in medical practice. With some of these views I coincide,
from most of them I must dissent. For instance —

** Belladonna allays pain . . . . the attendant spasm . . .

it relaxes muscular fibre" . . . . **in spasms the expulsive effects

moderated " . . . . Belladonna relaxes the hollow viscera, and it

is to this effect that we must attribute its antispasmodic as well as

expulsive action. — Harley, Vegetable Neurotics, page 230.

*' By relieving spasm arising from irritation of the air tubes, gall
ducts, and ureters in bladder, belladonna is serviceable." — Royle, Materia
Medica, page 495.

These quotations, all from recognised authorities, are a
collection of contradictions. If it allays pain, relieves spasm,
relaxes muscles, how can it possibly have an expulsive
action ?

** The constricting fibres of the intestines and of the ducts of glands
are, in like manner, relaxed by belladonna, and of this we may take
dilatation of the pupil as the outward sign. The dilatation of the pupil
under the influence of belladonna is active and due to a stimulant effect
on the sympathetic nerve." — Royle, Materia Medica, page 492.

If the constricting fibres of the intestines are relaxed by
belladonna, how the dilation of the pupil by the same drug
can be an active change, I fail to perceive. This inconsistent
teaching appears to have arisen from a misinterpretation of
the mechanism of stimulation on the non-striated muscle.
For instance, the effect that stimulation has upon the pupils,
and upon the muscular coat of the blood-vessels, as an
example —

"The sympathetic has, it will be observed, an effect on the iris, the
opposite of that which it exercises on the blood-vessels. When it is
stimulated the pupils are dilated while the blood-veSsels are contracted.*'
— Foster's Physiology, page 466.

"It is probable that these fibres are under the control of the sympa-
thetic system of nerves. If so, it must be observed that the sympathetic
nerves have an effect upon the iris directly opposite to that which it
exercises upon the blood-vessels, since when it is stimulated the pupils are
dilated, while the blood-vessels are contracted." — Ranney, Applied
Anatomy of the Nervous System, page 133.

The sympathetic has not an opposite effect on the iris to
which it has upon the blood-vessels. Stimulation of the sym-
pathetic nerve excites the circular muscular coat of the
blood-vessels to contract, and this contraction can only take
place in the direction of diminishing the area of a circle.
The iris being a radiating muscle, if stimulated through the
sympathetic nerve, can only contract in the direction of its
largest circumference, as the iris is a radiating muscle attached
at its greatest or external circumference, so it can only con-
tract in the direction of its outer circumference, its base of

resistance, and so dilatation must occur when the radiating
muscle of the iris is in action ; theoretically, dilatation of the
pupil corresponds to contraction in a blood-vessel, when either
is under sympathetic stimulation.

** Retention of urine is a frequent result of a full medicinal dose of
belladonna." — Royle, Materia Medica, page 492.

In this quotation we have, with regard to the action
of belladonna, another out of many errors that are to be found
in standard works written on therapeutics ; it is an example of
the toxic action being selected as evidence of the medicinal
result of a drug. Retention of urine is not a result that
follows a medicinal dose of belladonna ; but it may be urged.
as evidence, that it relaxes the muscular coat of the
bladder and points to a sedative effect. This I deny. It is
excellent evidence that belladonna is a stimulant, and its
toxic effect uix)n the bladder is quite consistent with its
effect upon other structures, and in support of this contention
my reasons are the following : —

If the anatomy of the nerve supply to the bladder be
considered, it will be found that the upper part of the bladder
is supplied from the hypogastric plexus of the sympathetic,
while the spinal nerves can be traced directly to its neck and
base.*

* Quain's Anatomy, vol ii., page 426-7. Eighth Edition.

The most reliable authority on the action of the vegetable
neurotics has conclusively established that large doses only
have the effect of causing retention of urine, and I hold that
causation of this act arises in this manner.* As soon as a
toxic dose of belladonna has crossed its area of physiological
action (sympathetic and vagus), the store of nerve energy,
within the area upon which it has primarily drawn is much
diminished,! but further forward in the toxic area which

♦ We have proof of this in the observation made by Dr. J. Harley, at page
205-7 of his excellent contribution to therapeutics, "Vegetable Neurotics,"—
*' I have occasionally injected i-20th of a grain of atropia; and agreeably with whaf
I have observed after the use of larger doses than x-30th, the efiect upon the pulse
has been less apparent than after an ordinary full dose of i-48th of a grain." A»
contributions to the elucidation of the properties of drugs, we have the labours of the
Edinburgh Committee, presided over by the late Prof. J. H. Bennett, and Dr. J.
Harley's volume on the Vegetable Neurotics. These two volumes^ in my opinion arer
incomparably, the most able and trustw(M*thy contributions to therapeutics ; they
present the reader with data from which he can glean much practical information,
though he may dissent from some of their deductions. As for instance, in regard to
belladonna Dr. Harley at page 230 of his volume, asserts the probability of this drug
possessing relaxing and stimulating power. This I hold, is just hadf of a fact ; a toxic
dose which appears to relax circular fibres under the control of the sympathetic
nerves, and stimulate longitudinal ones under the control of the spinal nerves, doeanot
actually so operate, but the phenomenon is prqperly explained , only upon the sup*
position that when the muscles under the control of the spinal nerves are affected
by belladonna, those under the control of the sympathetic have been previously
exhausted by primary stimulation. This is also the explanation of the observation
that belladonna is a better antidote to opium than opium is to belladonna. In bella-
donna poisoning the nerves having been '* run down," opitun caxinot reasonably be
expected to awaken nerve force ; but in opium poisoning the nerve force may be
arrested (held), and it might be expected that the stimulus of belladonna would
gain relieve."

t Preparations of Belladonna, Henbane, Conium and Digitalis, usually sold
are not so uniform in quality as some of the other vegetable neurotics. Whether
a dose of atropia be a small or large dose depends upon the care expended
upon its preparation. The Medical Press during late years, has recorded the
administratron of large doses of this alkaloid, with only moderate action. I have
myself experienced the same disappointment after the giving of atropia, but have
also seen potent action result after procuring a supply of the alkaloid firom
another source.

I Part VIII.I ^9

includes the vagus, the sympathetic and spinal nerves, the
store of energy within the spinal nerve is in full force, until
this area is crossed and death supervenes. These toxic
doses of belladonna, having exhausted the nerve supply of
the body of the bladder, at a time when it is commencing to
stimulate the base and neck, must necessarily give rise to
retention of urine.

As regards the doses of atropia, it is my opinion, that
when administered by the subcutaneous method, any quantity
exceeding i-48th of a grain becomes a toxic dose, and that,
provided the drug be of good quality, it is always advisable to
commence with much less, say i-6oth, and increase gradually
until the physiological effect is attained.

Belladonna is now admitted to be an antidote to opium
poisoning, but it has also been noticed that opium will not act
as an antidote to belladonna. This is further evidence that
belladonna possesses genuine stimulant properties only, as
over-stimulation (poisoning by a stimulant drug), must lead
to exhaustion, a condition which would certainly not be
benefited by any drug that tended to arrest vital action.

The efficacy of belladonna as an antidote to opium is expli-
cable by the fact that it possesses an qarlier affinity for the
vagus than opium possesses. Thus, if a toxic dose of opium be
taken, and an antidotal dose of belladonna be also given,
€re the opium has affected the vagus, the other drug precedes

it in affecting the vagus, and thus protects the nerve rather
than neutralises the coming action of the opiate. The pre-
scribing of a combination of opium and belladonna is evi-
dence, I maintain of ignorance, for which at the present day,
no trained practitioner has good excuse.

In the selection of drugs for the treatment of maladies, it
is my opinion that more attention ought to be given to their
physiological action on the healthy portion of the body, as it is
the indirect or secondary effect of remedies, acting upon the
healthy portions of the body, which in many instances
brings about Felief to the diseased area, the latter not
being susceptible to direct drug action.

Of this we have ah example in the acute pain attendant on
pneumoniay as when opium in doses much too small to soothe
pain by its toxic effect uix)n the nerves, gives much relief, Thi»
it may do, by partially paralyzing the vascular system, and thus-
by enlarging the blood area, relieving pressure at the inflamed
area. This is also the explanation of the action of opium^
Tfhen given as a remedy for internal hemorrhage, pressure
is taken from the clot plugging th^^ ruptured vessel. This-
explanation of the beueficia^ action, following the use of
oi^ium in cases of hemorrhage, is not generally accepted,
otherwise the prevailing practice of resorting to the ad-
ministration of ergot in cases of hemorrhage would be seer>
to be erroneous practice ; inasmuch as this drug excites
the blood-vessels generally to contract, and the blood pres^

sure is increased at the point of leakage, a locality which
is, in most instances, in an abnormal state and cannot
respond to the drug. Consequently, the liability to leakage
is much increased by giving ergot, hemorrhage from the
uterus excepted ; for here the physical and physiological
conditions are very different, though in this instance, the
beneficial action of the drug is brought about by indirect
action^ the excitement of the muscular structure of the uterus.
The use of belladonna during a time when the recurrence of
hemorrhage is dreaded, is also incorrect. My clinical ex-
perience has fully confirmed what appears to me, in these
cases, a reasonable explanation of the action of sedatives.

The theory here advanced in explanation of the apparent
divergent action of drugs will, if used as a guide to the inter-
pretation of the data given by experimental and clinical ob-
servers, enable us to harmonise the signs that follow the action
of drugs, which otherwise would appear contradictory. It is
my opinion that this theory will also he of some assistance
towards the settling of the op6n question as to the existence
of " nerves of inhibition."

My explanation of the phenomena which have led physiolo-
gists to believe in the existence of inhibitory nerves is as
follows : — That each animal contains, stored in certain nerve-
centres a quantity of nerve force, the total quantity of

which, for the sake of illustrating my argument^ may be
reckoned as represented by a unit, this being originated
by the nervous system and stored in several nerve-centres,
here supposed to be represented by five, component of the
total (unit), and to contain the nerve force in as many parts.
There exists evidence which makes it not an unreasonable
supposition, that if, by a drug or mechanical influence,
any one of these five nerve-centres is inhibited, then there
remains one-fifth more available source of force for service
elsewhere, which could only be utilized by deflection along
the remaining unaffected four -fifths of nerve structure.
This economy of nerve force, in one direction, would raise
the fractional energy of the remaining untouched nerve-centres
so that their force would be represented by a fractional power
of one-fourth of the total unit. Such a transposition of
nerve energy, would cause, for a time, those parts to which
the remaining nerve-centres (four fractions) habitually con-
veyed energy to show signs of excitement. And there are
fair grounds for believing that such inhibition can be induced
or prevented by drug influence, as it is patent that the
simulated signs of stimulation follow the action of narcotics,
from certain drugs producing isolated action upon certain
nerves only; and the question naturally arises. Why, during
the action of sedatives, should there be a temporary excite-
ment of the nerve-centres when no stimulation had been
exercised nor extra force introduced? This excitement
cannot exist without extra source of power, and as the

CPart VIII.J 23

excited nerve-centres had already their usual store, it is
reasonable to suppose that this sign of increased energy-
excitement can have been derived by deflection of the
store usually expended in the inhibited area, or that the
remaining unaffected nerve-centres, by the inhibition of one
area, can and do at once draw from the common source
the greater force left at their service.

Experimental physiology and clinical observation both are
in favour of the probability that nerve force can be dis-
tributed collaterally ; and Why should not the store of nerve
energy within a special centre if arrested from being dis-
tributed to its usual points of expenditure,* be deflected
into another centre, all being known to be connected.

It is from observation of the signs that follow the adminis-
tration of drugs belonging to the class known by the terms
sedatives and narcotics — inhibitory drugs — that we must seek
for physiological and clinical information which may enlighten
us in regard to the debatable question of the existence of
nerves of inhibition, rather than to the effects that result from
mechanical interference with vital structures t ; though I

* Dr. Marshall Hall inclined to this opinion, see Meryon's Rational Therapeutics
and Functions of Sympathetic Nerves, page 31, edition 1872.

t Experimental investigation has shown that mechanical interference with nerve,
centres and trunks sometimes produces shock, and at other times excitement.
This makes observations, taken during direct interference with the parts experimented
upon, indecisive. Again, in very many instances, observation of the efifect of direct
interferenee is made while the subject of experiment is under the influence of
an anaesthetic, the toxic action of which introduces another source of error.

would not totally ignore information from such a source. If
we select opium and alcohol, both narcotics, in illustration
of the views upheld in this contribution, after a physiological
dose of either of these, if a careful watch is kept upon its
progress across their area of physiological action, what do we
observe ; first, one system of nerves — the sympathetic — is
inhibited and the remaining ones are excited, but as soon as
/ another nerve-centre is reached by the narcotic and becomes
also inhibited, all the other nerve-centres show further excite-
ment and when these have succumbed to the drug action,
we have the total narcotic effect Those, who are accustomed
to the habitual use either of alcohol in any of its various
popular forms, or of opium, or indeed of any narcotic, tell us
of the pleasures they enjoy from the extra activity of the sen-
sorium. Some even profess that with the aid of what is mis-
termed alcoholic stimulation and the sedative action of other
narcotics, they are, whilst under its influence, mentally and
' physically superior ; this might be found to be true, if it could
be proved that temporary drug inhibition of nerve-centres,
not necessary to mental or physical exertion, did increase the
nerve force available for use by the remaining unaffected
nerve-centres.

Some may suppose that the action here attributed to
alcohol is a justification or even an encouragement to its
being habitually consumed, but this is certainly not a proper
deduction to make from the theory advanced in this paper, as

[Part VIII.] 25

the habitual use of alcohol or of other narcotics by its
inhibitory effect both upon the action and nutrition of the
liver, kidney and heart, tends to produce in all persons, and
in many produces, a diseased state of these organs. Some
may also suppose that the remarks here made in regard to the
simulating of stimulation which follows the use of narcotics is
also a justification for using them when pure and urgent
stimulation is wanted. This would be justifiable only, if no
true stimulant was known or near at hand, inasmuch that the
administration of a narcotic for this purpose, involves some
risk and delay, as simulated stimulation is not so rapidly
induced. Again, it may be rapidly followed by the true nar-
cotic action over too large an area, and this in a critical case
might put an end to a life previously threatening to ebb —
especially if the subcutaneous method of the administration
of remedies is practised. For instance, a subcutaneous dose*
of either opium or belladonna acts rapidly, commencing after
a period of fifteen or twenty minutes has elapsed, — one-fourth '
of the period required when given by the mouth — while after
the introduction of alcohol or aether subcutaneously, its
action is not as rapid as when given by the mouth. The
practice, introduced of late, of injecting aether under the skin
in collapse, is certainly wrong, for when thus administered, if
its action were not more slowly developed it would be
almost certain death to the patient.

Should the explanation tendered by me in illustration of

the mode of the action of remedies, be confirmed by further
investigation and accepted as correct, then the difference
between simulated and true stimulation will be this, that the
first is brought on by inhibition of one or more nerve-centres,
leading to an accumulation of nerve force in others not so
influenced. True stimulation will be the creation of
nerve force in one or more nerve areas, while the remaining
nerve-centres of uninfluenced nerve-centres may or may not
show signs of diminished energy.*

A dissenting section of therapeutists, among whom are
physicians of repute, as clinical observers, have adopted as the
basis of their system of medicine, "similia similibus curantur."
Their strenuous contention for their accepted dictum is
accountable only by the mistake many others have made,
which they also have committed, that of not recognising
the difference between simulated stimulation and true stimu-
lation.

The order in which remedies elect to affect vital structures,
and the varying degrees of intensity with which they act upon
them give us the composite phenomenon, which indicates their
active presence, and make possible the fact, that every drug

* So many have asserted that they observed relaxation of the striated muscle
by the use of belladonna, that it is not possible to ignore their evidence, but
this is explicable by the supposition, not an improbable one, that inasmuch, as the
common source of nerve power only contains a limited quantity, then hyper-
excitement of the non-striated muscle which belladonna primarily afifects, may be
maintained by abstraction of power from other sources, of which the action of
tobacco is rather confirmatory.

[Part VIII.] 27

when in action has its distinct formula of signs, a mode of in-
fluencing organised matter that reminds me of the "lines " and
"notes" in music, which, to illustrate my views, I will suppose the
"lines" to represent nervous structures, while "notes" of music
represent our remedies. In music the position of the notes in
relation to the " lines," decide the melody and admit of varia-
tions innumerable, so with drugs. The order of primary and
secondary and final affinity which the drug may have, gives us
a collection of symptoms which, according to the order in
which it elects to act presents us with a distinctive trait to
each remedy, so that as yet and probably there never will
be found a drug with signs of action exactly parallel to
those of any other.

All discoveries in physiology must materially increase the
efficiency with which we can treat disease, and any in-
formation that will show the cause or the effect, in my
opinion, of nerve inhibition, will lead to important changes
in practical medicine. As yet it has been generally taken
for granted that remedies benefit mostly by direct action,
whereas, it is their indirect action which often relieves.
Stimulants tend to discourage inhibition ; whilst sedatives
again tend to produce in safe doses partial inhibition, and in
toxic doses do produce, complete inhibitioa The beneficial
action of a sedative may arise by the induction of some degree
of inhibition in one area, which would thus increase nerve-
store or tension in other areas. An example of this is pre-

sented to us in the success attendant upon the treatment of
epilepsy by bromide of potassium. That bromide of potassium
is a very valuable remedy in epilepsy is now very generally
admitted, and that the cases in which it gives amelioration or
cure are those where the causation is from anaemia, not
of reflex or centripetal cause, — true epilepsy — which, Dr.
Todd, by attributing to an explosion of nerve force, almost
anticipated my views of its etiology. To explain the correc-
tive effect of the compounds of bromide in this disease, I
must 'recapitulate some of the well known conditions and
symptoms indicative of this ailment. My purpose in limiting
myself to true epilepsy is, that epilepsy is a term which is
frequently applied to the convulsions symptomatic of uraemia,
hemorrhage, poisoning, reflex irritation, worms, introcranial
pressure, neuromata, syphilis and other centripetal causes.
It is obvious, that in the treatment of any of the foregoing
symptoms, the bromides cannot be expected to aid us.
During an attack of graver epilepsy — which is only a further
stage of the " petit mal " — the most noteworthy phenomena's
are loss of consciousness and sensation — the sufferer neither
knows nor feels, but there is intense muscular and organic
action through the excitement of motor and sympathetic
nerve systems. As evidence of excitement of motor
nerve-centres, we have the general clonic convulsive action
of all parts moved by the intervention of the striated
muscles; as evidence of sympathetic excitement we have
dilated pupils, — a constant sign in true epilepsy — small

slow pulse, discharge of intestinal excretion and urinary
secretion, sexual excitement and increased secretion of
urine. The foregoing symptoms are evidence of excite-
ment of the whole motor nerve tract and sympathetic
nerve system — the pulse excepted ; but this only further
shows that the vagus is involved, in what Dr. Todd
terms a nerve explosion. From my own opinion in regard
to the area of causation — inhibition of the vagus is a proba-
bility and points to this nerve being more sensatory than
motor in its composition, a matter that as yet remains an open
question.

For the purpose of my argument the details of the first
stage or onset of the fit, will suffice me, as they must point
more directly to the mode of the event, as the signs present
during the second stage are modified by the dawn of re-
covery. Hitherto all investigators of histological evidence,
by which they might fix upon the locality, the altered function
of which induces epilepsy, have sought for it in centres that
show extra activity during its manifestation, and have neglected
those nervous centres, the sensorium and posterior roots of
spinal nervous tract, that show the remarkable phenomena of
intermittent inhibition. Does it not appear a very rational
supposition that during the existence of a disease, in which
there were signs showing acceleration of life on one side and
temporary suspension of life on the other, the region in
which life appeared to be arrested ought to be at least

mainly credited with the causation of the ailment ? The
inhibition of nerve force in the affected area leading to an
extra expenditure in unaffected areas.

Most of the experiments performed to elucidate the causa*
tion of epilepsy appear to me nearly worthless, as they
have been made by interference with the motor centres,
notably the pons and medalla oblongata an investigation in
these parts being only a search for the cause of the minor or
secondary symptoms. The pons and medalla oblongata may
be the convulsive centre, but what is wanted is the detection
of the locality in which function is intermitted, so that
consciousness and sensativeness is temporarily in abeyance>
— the initial and major signs of the disease — and which
may be very correctly described as an idiopathic intermittent
inhibition in one or more nerve areas.

We now sum up the attributed physiological effects of
bromine, that it is a drug of the sedative class, no person
seems to doubt, and that its primary or physiological
affinity is exercised upon motor nerves is also very generally
admitted ; that in toxic doses it also reaches other nerve-
centres, is probable, but this does not affect the question
which it is my purpose to try and elucidate here, as during
its use in the treatment of epilepsy, its efficacy is not de.
pendent upon toxic doses, the patient being generally instructed
to either intermit its use or diminish the quantity consumed,
if toxic signs follow its use. Bromide of potassium is both a

safe and thorough corrective of the clonic spasm occurring
after paralysis affecting the sensitory spinal nerves — it is safe^
because of its very obvious unwillingness to extend its sedative
action to either the sensorium or any sensitory nerve area,
— while opium, alcohol, aether, and chloroform, they first
affect the sympathetic, then the sensitory system, and
finally the muscular nerve-centres. Bromide commences in
the locality in which the former terminates — voluntary motor
tracts. Any person who has gained his professional experience
in '* general practice," but especially a surgeon, must be cog-
nisant of the fact, that the preparations of bromine are
worthless as alleviators of pain or excitement in the
sympathetic nerves. It is said to "heighten the action of
opium ; " this it is reasonable to suppose, as a combination of
opium and a bromide would produce a more immediate and
uniform action, and defective co-ordination would be lessened.
The compounds of bromine are now so generally admitted to
be sedatives of the voluntary motor tract, that further dis-
cussion of their properties is superfluous.

The preceding sketch of true epilepsy and details of the
medical qualities of bromide potassium are not suppositions
of mine, but authenticated data collected from recognised
authorities, and in the absence of contra-evidence must
be accepted as true. These facts go to show, that a
disease indicated by temporary inhibition in one nerve area,
is sometimes controlled, nay cured, by a remedy that induces

inhibition in another area, and the beneficial action of the
remedy, must have acted in epilepsy by inducing more or less
constant inhibition in the voluntary motor area, and thus
thwarting the tendency to deflection of nerve force ; or, as
Dr. Todd would say of " explosion of nerve force in the
sensatory area, towards the motor area, as the inhibition pro-
duced by the remedy — figuratively — baring its exit" We have
had further evidence in support of this hypothesis, previous to
the introduction of the bromides into medical practice.

A very high value was set upon belladonna as a remedy in
epilepsy. One of, if not the most able of the French physicians,
much extalled its virtues in this disease, — and from what we
know now of its mode of action as a preventive of inhibition,
we are justified in supposing that it might in many instances
have benefited the sufferer. It is most remarkable that
the rules which were to be adhered to, during its use, were
just those now recommended to be attended to when bromides
are employed, that is not to induce toxic action. But as bella-
donna has a primary aflSnity for the sympathetic, its anti-
inhibitory influence on the sensatory nerve area, would'
only be very feeble — this direct method of treating epilepsy
deservedly fell into disease. For the direct method of
medication to benefit, we want a remedy with a primary
affinity for the sensorium and its ramifications, granting that
the diseased or disturbed area can respond to physiological
stimulation. The treatment of epilepsy by the bromides is, I

think, very clear evidence that the deflection of nervous
force from one area to other areas, though inhibition as a
cause, is no mere supposition ; and the deduction, that we are
led to from watching the results following the treatment by
an indirect method, this idiopathic occurrence of inhibi-
tion in true epilepsy, is this, that if we knew of a sedative
which possessed a strong primary affinity for the sympathetic
nerve system, with little or no affinity for the sensatory nerve
system, such a sedative remedy, combined with the bromides,
would be a better corrector of the disease than any we have
hitherto had ; but the curative tendency of this compound,
like that of the bromides alone, would be the result of
influencing the normal structures — the indirect method of
medication ; but, indeed, the only way if the pathology of
the future demonstrates to us, that the cerebri and posterior
columns of the spinal nerve systems are much deteriorated
in epilepsy.

From the deportment of the bromides, as correctives of the
epileptic state, and the etiology of the disease, there is to be
gained information that justifles us in suspecting that alcoholic
epilepsy is also caused by temporary surpension of function in
the cerebral hemispheres and in the sensatory nerve tracts, it
may also be induced from the drunkard having so much and
so long indulged in alcohol, that the sympathetic may have
acquired an habituation, so that the sensorium and its nerves
are acted upon by the drug as though it had a primary affinity

for those structures ; thus there would be inhibition of the
locality which is also inhibited in true epilepsy, and conse-
quently there would be the simulated signs of that disease.

In the epileptic type of diseases we have illustra-
tions of abnormal states or complaints produced sometimes
by inhibition and at other times by stimulation, yet the
symptoms, in each instance, very closely approach perfect
similarity.

An analysis of the symptoms indicative of the* various
diseases — contagious, infectious and septic — will show, that in
their mode of action, their morbific causes act so as
to produce the collective signs characteristic of such com-
plaint by following the same law, which I contend, drugs
adhere to, when in operation upon vital structures (drugs which
act chemically must obviously be excepted), so that we may
even have similar symptoms from opposite causes, just as
drugs may induce both simulated stimulation and pure
stimulation. In cholera we have an example in which
inhibition decides the character of the disease, it commences
with all the signs of a morbific cause endowed with
the power of inhibiting primarily those sympathetic nerve-
centres, which influence the intestinal tract, and during its
primary action, we have both the signs of defective co-ordina-
tion and excitement of unaffected areas, but if the disease pro-
gresses to another stage, other nerve areas show signs of being

inhibited, so that vomiting, purging, and cramps cease,*
collapse supervenes^ the temperature is characteristically low
and the action of all the excretory organs are more or
less in abeyance.

The foregoing facts are evidence of inhibition, where the
disease similates the action of narcotics, and we have been
warned by the latest and best authorities who have written on
the treatment of cholera, of the danger of giving sedatives in
this disease. To treat cholera in its first stage by sedatives
is to run some — justifiable — risk, but if this treatment be
persisted in during the second stage it would be injurious.

In typhoid we have an example of true stimulation from a
morbid cause, which confines its action principally to those
nerve-centres that are essential to life and preside over the organs
of nutrition and excretion, these nerves under its influence show
exaggeration of normal action, until from overwork they begin
to fail It is not necessary for me here to detail the symptoms
of typhoid fever as they must be so well known to my reader —
they are the signs of pure stimulation. Although the ph)rsio-
logical evidence in cholera points to a cause producing inhibi-
tion, the evidence in typhoid points to true stimulation, in
both of these diseases we have the same local lesion, a similar
result, brought about by causes totally dissimilar; but the

* If I was asked to give to the cramps observed in cholera a designation con-
sistent with the symptoms of the disease, the term " choleraic epilepsy" would be
suitable, for the same reasons as induced Brown-Sequard to alter the term
** local myelitis" to spinal epilepsy.

physiological evidence which we notice during typhoid informs
US that remedies of the sedative class are the proper ones to
employ, if medicines are required.

Again, in diseases arising from the action of septic poisons,
of which tetanus and hydrophobia are examples, there may be
noticed signs similar to those which follow the administration
of certain inhibitory drugs, those which cause inhibition and
those which cause the so-called defect of inhibition. My
reason for selecting these two is the fact, that the signs of
«ach are very well authenticated. An analysis of the symp-
toms attendant upon true or septic tetanus strongly supports
the views here advanced. In tetanus, the most prominent and
very obvious signs are excitement of the striated muscles, but
by careful attention other signs can be detected, which indicate
inhibition of the non-striated muscles and of the visceras. The
condition of the striated muscles in this disease is so plainly
discernible and generally known that it need not be detailed
here. It corresponds with the phenomenon termed defect of
inhibition in the nerve-centres controlling the striated muscles.
But if the condition of the non-striated muscles is carefully
noticed, they appear to be inhibited, through probably their
ganglionic nerve-centres. *Evidence of this is presented to us
by the tendency, so long as death is not imminent, to constric-
tion of the pupil; this being brought about by the same physio-

♦ South's Chelius, vol. I, page 377. Wood's Practice of Medicine, vol. II, page
784. Copeland's Dictionary, Tetanus, page 1012.

logical cause which induces diminution of the pupil during
Che action of some inhibitory drugs. Further, the peristaltic
action of the intestine is deteriorated, as shown by constipation
and its evils, retention of solid and gaseous gut contents.
Along with these there are retention of urine and diminished
visceral excretory products. Thus during the action of the
poison of tetanus there can be noticed signs of inhibition of
certain nerve-centres and the signs of simulated stimulation
of other nerve-centres, and there may also be noticed one
very distinctive difference between the effect of the poison of
tetanus and that of any inhibitory drug^ that the action of
this virus never extends beyond the area of nerves distributed
to the non-striated muscles.

This is the probable explanation of the persistent severity
of the excitement produced in the striated muscles up to * the
last moment of life in fatal cases. The patient in very rare
cases dies exhausted, but generally from the intense excite-
ment disturbing the co-ordination, of certain important striated
muscles, so that life is interrupted ere the vitality of the
system has been exhausted. If the poison of tetanus had an
affinity for, or could exercise any inhibitory power beyond, the
sympathetic nerve area, the excitement of the striated muscles
would not be so persistent

The accepted signs of this disease are the tonic excite-
ment of the striated muscles which, as the disease progresses,
are developed in a direction downwards, but a^ the same time

there is to be observed in the same direction the downwards
progress of inhibition of the sympathetic nerves, that
takes precedence, if there be any, in relation to time, be-
tween interference with the function of the sympathetic
system and excitement of the motor nerve-centres. The
pathology of tetanus, in my opinion, will have to be sought
for in the sympathetic system of nerves — not in the motor
nerve area — where search has hitherto generally been
made.

In hydrophobia the signs of what has been mistermed
defect of inhibition, exist "all round," the septic matter
being a true or direct stimulant To explain all the phe-
nomena characteristic of this disease so as to be consistent
with the defect of inhibition theory, we must suppose
every nerve in the body to possess inhibitory nerves, and that
no nerve is truly automatic, but that each requires a
"governor."

Most authors, who have written upon the etiology and treat-
ment of tetanus and hydrophobia, have pointed out that these
two distinct diseases have symptoms with similar features, and
so close in character, that some authors have suspected them
to arise from causes not far allied. But in my opinion there
exists not the slightest evidence of relationship beyond the
fact that they have each a septic cause of orgination. Tetanus
is a disease in which limited inhibition decides the cast of
symptoms, while hydrophobia is a disease in which true

stimulation, not co-ordinately acting, gives character to the
present signs.*

*The pupil is generally 'said to be contracted in tetanus and dilated in hydro-
phobia. Of the last disease I have but little experience, but I have had very
many opportunities of observing and treating tetanus, aad have frequently tried both
separately and conjointly, the following drugs :— Indian hemp, calabar bean, opium,
calomel, and belladonna, but on reviewing my past experience, I am unable to
ttronc^y recommend any one of these drugs, though inclined to favour belladonna
most, and Indian hemp the least. In tetanus there exists a wonderful tolerance of
belladonna or its alkaloid, and my experience of its use in this disease has convinced
me that it aids recovery, It has never been used by me in idiopathic cases. In all of
the cases in which belladonna was tried the disease had commenced within seven
days after the injury, but in most instances at or about the third day. Of
those cases which recovered, it was observed that more than forty-eight hours
elapsed ere opisthotinos followed after the appearance of trismus. In the rapidly
inrogressive cases drugs of the sedative class relieve the distress, which belladonna
or any stimulant can not be expected to do. Some twenty years ago, during a con-
versation with the late Mr. John Cooper of this town, who had been engaged in
surgical practice for about fifty years, he expressed his conviction that tetanus never
occurred if the patient, after traumatism, was subjected to a course of opiates.
To this opinion I was inclined also, and for many years practised this supposed pre-
cautionary measure, but now I am perfectly satisfied, that no opiate will act as a
preventative. This is known to me from practical experience, and from what I hold
to be the mode of action of drugs of the opiate class, it would not be reasonable to
expect It. Indeed, I would prefer to commit myself to the opinion, that opiates would
facilitate the incubation of true tetanus rather than tend to prevent it. But the
theoretical objections that can be urged against the use of opiates, as preventers of
tetanus, do not equally apply against their use in the symptomatic treatment of tetanus
when it has become fully developed, as the indirect method of treating tetanus may
then benefit. The administration of belladonna is the practice of a direct method of
medication and is both rational and theoretically correct, so long as the symptoms
are not fully developed ; for, as the sympathetic is only invaded gradually by the inhi-
bitory cause, beyadonna may diminish the intensity of the coming storm, if not
airest it, by stimulating the sympathetic in front of thej advancing inhibition.
Theoretically we might expect belladonna to be a preventative of the incubation
oi tetanus. For some few years I have been trying what belladonna can do, in pro-
tecting traumatism from the accession of tetanus, but my experience is too limited to
warrant my expressing an opinion of the value of anticipatory stimulation of the
sympathetic as a preventative of tetanus. If antidotal treatment can prevail
when poison is present, — shorten its duration of action — then certainly pre-
ventative medical treatment may hinder or at least mollify a disease should it be
incurable. The tendency of medical opinion in our days, in the direction, that no
disease, contagious septic, etc., can be arrested or shortened, has been allowed
to influence practice too much— so that .even our faith in remedies has ,been

It is a remarkable confirmation of the reasonableness of
the supposition, that inhibition in one area, may lead to
deflection or extra accumulation of nerve force in other areas.
That we find that nearly all diseased states in which inhibition
gives character to the primary signs of the abnormal condition
are attended with some degree of excitement outside of the
site of the lesion or ground of incubation. Of this we have
examples in epilepsy, palsy and tetanus, and again in ague and
cholera.

There is another important feature in favour of accepting
the opinion "that inhibition is the suspension of life, not
the action of special nerves,*' namely, that it confirms the law
laid down by a great surgeon* in regard to septic diseases,
that " no two of them can exist in the same part of the body
at the same time." This law was again confirmed by another
acute clinical observer!, in his " Observations on Morbid
Poisons." Although the latter does qualify this axiom by
admitting that two septic poisons can sometimes affect the

thereby weakened. Traumatic tetanus not due to septic influence, that is dependent
upon centripetal irritation, we can only hope to successfully aid by sedatives. This
rare form of tetanus I have only twice met with, although all the prominent or
secondary signs were present in an intense degree in one of them, there were in
these cases no evidences of sympathetic inhibition, the patients recovering by the
subcutaneous use of morphia in the graver case, and opium by the mouth in the
other, the drug acting like a charm. These are the class of cases which we some-
times see reported in the Medical Press, as being reheved by amputation and other
surgical interferences.

• John Hunter.

\ Dr. Joseph Adams.

same parts, he also adds that such are only exceptions
which prove the law. With the conclusion of these two
practitioners of our art I fully coincide, and will here try
and give my grounds for believing that they were right in
their teaching. *

By reconstructing the written axiom relating to the im-
possibility of the simultaneous, dual incubation and action of
septic matter, it is possible to define a law to which there can
be no clinical exception that is appreciable.

It is this, that no two or more septic poisons can affect the
same parts, if singly, they are of contrary properties— one
indicating inhibition of life, the other excitement. But septic
matters possessed of similar properties may have been seen in
dual action, — both inducing excitement or both inducing
inhibition.

The dual incubation of typhoid and typhus is a reasonable
supposition, which is confirmed by clinical observation, indeed,
it is highly probable that they are often in action conjointly,
oftener than they are diagnosed. Both the typhus and typhoid
poisons indicate true stimulation, though the areas of their
several actions are nearly but not exactly identical ; the former

* I am aware that Murchison, Aitken, Brown and others have recorded facts
which appear utterly opposed to my views. These facts are certainly indisputable.
It is their conclusion that is here maintained to be wrong. During the time I was
assistant to my teacher, the late Dr. O. Roberts, at the Workhouse, St. Asaph, he
repeatedly showed me instances of dual septic disease, and from my knowledge of
his abilities as a clinical observer, I believe his diagnosis wcs probably correct.

(Part VIII. 1 42

notably affecting the sensorium whilst the latter more affects
the sympathetic; Thus, in most instances of dual action of
these poisons, this action can be diagnosed, but when single,
a differential diagnosis is not so difficult

" Virchow has related a case of typhoid, combined with
striking symptoms of cholera."* This was only a case with
striking symptoms. No more. The supposition that the
poison of typhoid and cholera can jointly oiiianifest their
action, so as to /be clinically appreciable, is an impossibility, t
To teach the possibility of the dual incubation of septic
matters with divergent qualities, which the action of the germs
of typhoid and cholera indicate, is to maintain a physiological
paradox.

It would not be unreasonable to admit the co-presence in
one subject of more than two germs productive of diseased
states, provided they affect separate areas during incubation, |
no matter what might be the qualifying action of such germs.

* Aitken, Practice of Medicine, vol. i., page 131. '

t There is a remarkable confirmation of this to be found in Aitken's Practfce of
Medicine, vol. ii.. page 246. Dr. Williams, of St. Thomas's Hospital, reports a case
suffering from tertian ague, in which the ague subsided and smallpox appeared, but
after the smallpox had run its course the ague reappeared. This is an example of
two poisons with divergent qualities, acting antidotically, but not acting conjointly as
regards time, the ague poison tending to inhibition, the smallpox virus tending to
stimulation.

\ By acting in separate areas proper combinations of drugs are well known to
act more pleasantly and efiectively than single drugs, for the very obvious reason
that defective co-ordiuation of action is avoided ; thus, for instance an aperient
secures a more general permit to pass.

[Part VIII.J 43

But such an occurrence would give such a compound of
symptoms, that their clinical diagnosis could only be made
from physical changes rather than physiological ones.* The
poisons of typhoid and cholera are diametrically the
opposite in action, and limit their action to the "same
parts."

The interpretation of the phenomenon of inhibition given
in this treatise, points out a reasonable explanation of the
mode by which predisposing causes favour the develop-
ment of the exciting cause in septic diseases. Fre-
quently a morbific disease has seemingly appeared to have
resulted from a non-septic causation, such as exposure to
cold, fatigue, shock, excitement, panic, hurry, worry or
depression of spirit. It has been too generally supposed that
the predisposing cause to morbific disease must be one that
debilitates or inhibits life, but there are good grounds for
believing that a cause which even accelerates life is the more
probable predisposing cause to some morbific disease. By
considering the phenomena of latency or delayed incubation
of septic poisons, some light can be thrown on the question
as to the mode of action of predisposing causes. We know
that the period of latency, which precedes the development of
the signs of any septic disease is never uniform ; consequently,
the physiological suitableness or unsuitableness of the ground

* Dr. Aitken also mentions a case of triple disease reported by Ring, namely
smallpox, measles and whooping cough. This could have been diagnosed from its
physical aspect.

for incubation of the poison, must vary in each individual,
some being able to escape contagion or infection from this
unsuitable condition being a total hinderance to incubation.
This imntunity, it is reasonable to believe, does not depend
upon the excellent standard of health the individual may
possess, but probably from the accident that no predisposing
cause could exert its action in the direction of the path of
the morbific poison. Some of our septic diseases — as typhus
and typhoid — select the robust, these are fevers of the
sthenic type ; other morbific diseases, such as cholera, select
the feeble, notably the " old soaker," these are of the asthenic
type. In the first, the predisposing cause probably fans the
flame of life ; in the second, the same cause probably blasts
or inhibits the vitality of a frame already enfeebled or de
preciated by the popular practice of some degree of con-
tinuous inhibition as, for instance, alcoholic drinking.

A septic poison, which favours inhibition, may have its
period of latency shortened by any event or action that
depresses life, while another such poison possessing qualities
that are indicated by vital excitement may have its period of
latency shortened by an event which tends in the same direc-
tion. That events or predisposing causes are often factors in
the development of the excitants of morbific disease, is
generally admitted ; but, if my interpretation of the mode by
which they can favour the development be correct, it follows
that the predisposing cause of one septic disease may act as

a preventative of the incubatian of the germ of another septic

disease. The evidence upon which we have accepted the

possibility of a predisposing cause, as aiding the incubation

of germs productive of morbific disease, is mostly from an

unprofessional source, as the history of the patient before

the medical attendant was called to attend. But by attention

to the very same source of evidence, we find a widespread

belief that a coming attack of these diseases has been warded

off by the immediate practice of details which are not similar

in their eflfect. It is a popular expression in speech, " I

took it in time and worked it off," meaning that success had

been gained The opinion that by prompt recourse to certain

methods contagious and infectious disease may be aborted,

is not confined to the unprofessional public, as authorities in

medicine have recorded their inclination ro this opinion. My

purport in discussing this question is to try to show that

there is some good foundation for this general opinion. The

successful cases of what is also termed "shaking off" the

exciting cause of a disease, are no doubt instances in which

the artless individuals practised by chance appropriate remedies,

as we well know that the unsuccessful cases form the majority;

and this is to be expected at all times, as from our experience

in the antidotal treatment of toxic poisoning by drugs, that

even when the time of poisoning and the remedy is known, a

minimum of time is a very important item towards success

in saving life.

Some of the most able physicians living in our time have
recorded that, they have observed abortive cases of typhus,
typhoid, smallpox and of other septic diseases, and this ought
to encourage us to hope that, by an early knowledge or
suspicion of special contagion or infection, we may be able to
prevent incubation.

Physicians, like the surgeons of the early part of this
century, are taking for granted that there are more immovable
impediments in their front than there actually exist. Many
baniers that were thought, forty years ago, to be impassable
to successful surgical treatment have been removed, and it
is my strong conviction that the art of preventing and pre-
scribing for diseased condition will before long be so completed,
that practice of medicine will become as uniform and as
effectual as the manipulations of surgery are, and, towards the
advent of this great progress in therapeutics, the study of the
phenomena termed inhibition will greatly contribute.

The evidence advanced in support of the theory propounded
in this pamphlet is certainly not sufficiently extensive to
warrant its being accepted as correct. It has been subjected
to every test known to me, and in every comparison the result
has been satisfactory. I believe that it explains all the phenomena
in connection with inhibition and the varied action of drugs,
and, should it stand the tests which many others can better
apply, it must lead to a greater uniformity in medical practice.
During these last thirty years, there has prevailed much

dissent in therapeutics, some accepting those views which
are popularly termed the orthodox opinions in regard
to drug action, others seceding, and guided by a theory,
perhaps true, but not containing the whole truth, others
covertly disbelieving in the curative tendency of any medicine ;
or, after years of scientific and clinical study, like my eminent
fellow-townsman Dr. Inman, openly and courageously pro-
claiming that " men, horses,, tigers, monkeys or codfish can
do without doctors."

1 KAjn

SURGERY. 1

•n»i» Volume will i:omprtse> iHe following Pans <— ■

pAkT [,

Inlialinal Obsiriiclions. (PMisM.)

,. Takt »i

The PlinaplesofllioTfoacincutuf joiiil Discastr
Inanininatk'Ti. Anchylon^. KvilUL-iiun of
Joini ticfonpiiy. Bone Scuiog. (/« W« Prtti,)

Part 3.

Tfw Ptinciplcs of the Treatment of fc"ta.:Uires.
Kticeiiu Delayed, and Utbunited.

. Pari 4.

Oo the RedmiUon uf HfslocJitiBiiH.

Part 5,

On t'raciutca of the Lower Juw. {Puhlith^.)

^H, ^AKt

J^mctutcs, l>is local ions, UQeasfis and Defonulttcs
u( the Bone* of the Upper Ewremiiy.

^HE Part

Kraciute*, ftiajocations, De/urmiiies and Digeates
of the Lower Entrcnity.

^H,' rARi 8.

The Inhibition of Nerves by Drugs. ^Wf
thai Inhibitory Nerve- fibres do not cJtfei.

H| Pab'j-

Spinal Ddbrmities.

Part io

Lithotomy.

-f-

■4;

)

HINTS IN SI

>j\V

Heiiry C.Buid

6000472278

1^1

o

• ^»

• fit

72278

^^♦^

HINTS IN SICKNESS:

WHERE TO GO AND

JVHAT TO DO.

BY

HENRY C. BURDETT,

FOUNDEB OF THB HOME HOSPITALS ASSOCIATION FOB FATINO PATIENTS.

AUTHOR OF '* PAT HOSPITALS OF THB WORLD ; '' " HOSPITALS AXTD THB STATB ; " ** COTTAOB

HOSPITALS, OBNBRAL, FBVBR AND OOmrALBSOBlIT, WITH FIFTT BBDS AXD UVDEB; "

«TBB RBLATIVB MORTAUTT OF LARGE AND SMALL HOSPITALS;**

'^HOSPITALS WITH FIFTT BBDS AND UPWARDS, THBIR

ORIGIN, CONSTBUCnON, AND MANAGBMBNT/*

London
kegan paul, trench & co., 1 paternoster square

1883

PXF0^3^

" ([|0, XtttU b00k, (l0b ;8(eitb thee goob |x;s$0a$t ;
'^xC^ «ymaUB let thi« it thg ^rrastre,
(Enta them ;sU \h%i tkte toiU reisb or hear,
SBhete th0n «rt torong, ;sfter their hel|x t0 rail,
^hee t0 r0rrtct in «ng part 0r all."

Chatteer.

CONTENTS.

INTKODUCTION .

PAOB
V to yii

PART L— WHERE TO GO.

Full particulars (Terms op Entrance, Hours op Attendance and
Admission) op all Institutions in England and Wales pounded

POR THE ReUEP of SICKNESS OR BODILT INFIRMITY :

Blind — Cancer — Charity Organization Societies — Children — Con-
sumption and Diseases of the Chest — Convalescent — Deaf and
Dumb — Deformities of Body — Dental — Ear and Throat —
Eye — Fistula — Foreigners — Heart — Hip — Hydropathic Estab-
lishments — Idiots and Imbeciles — Incurable and Chronic
Cases — Inebriates — Infectious Diseases — Lock Hospitals —
Lunatics — Lying-in — Nursery Institutions — Paralysis, Epi-
lepsy, and other Nervous Diseases — Pay Hospitals — Sickness
at Home — Sickness in Hospital — Skin Diseases — Surgical
Appliances — Urinary Organs — Vaccine Lymph — Women 4 to 139

PART II.— WHAT TO DO.
The Treatment and Nursing of Emergencies and Simple Ailments.

Chap. I. Treatment op Emergencies
II. Diseases op Children

III. General Hints on Nursing

IV. Minor Injuries and Ailments

V. iNPECnON AND DISINFECTION

VI. 810K Room Cookery and Food

137 to 158
154 to 163
164 to 179
180 to 188
189 to 194
195 to 203

VI CONTENTS.

PAET m.— APPLIANCES AND COMMODITIES.

PAOR

Advertisements of Foods, Medical Pbefabations, and Appli-

ANCJES . . . . . ... 207 to 236

APPENDIX.
Detailed PABTicuLARS OP CERTAIN Charities 237 to 254

INTRODUCTION.

For many years the author of this book has devoted much
time and attention to the administration and management of
Charities^ and especially of Hospitals. Possibly as a conse-
quence of this, but at any rate as a matter of fact, he has each
year had an increasingly large correspondence with those
interested in such matters, and has been frequently consulted
as to the construction and administration of old, and the plans
for the buildiag of new, Hospitals. A visit to Canada and
America in the autumn of 1882, and the long absence from
home which it entailed, made the Author realize for the first
time how very large his correspondence was on these particular
subjects, and he determined to try and relieve himself of
much of the labour thus caused by the publication of the
present work.

As its name implies, the book consists of Hints for those
whose Mends are sick or who are ailing themselves, and it
gives to the housewife, the doctor, the clergyman, the district
visitor, and the philanthropist exact information, both as to
where to go or send patients : whether their ailments are
chronic and incurable, or acute and requiring treatment.

The first part of the book will, no doubt, prove of great
assistance to the suffering poor who attend Hospitals, as well
as to those who desire to send patients to those Institutions.
An endeavour has been made to include in it the name of

PART I.

FULL PARTICULARS (TERMS OP ENTRANCE, HOURS OP ATTEND-
ANCE AND ADMISSION) OP ALL INSTITUTIONS IN ENGLAND
AND WALES POUNDED FOR THE RELIEF OF SICKNESS OR
BODILY INFIRMITY.

INTRODUCTORY.

Admission to Hospitals and Benevolent Institutions is in
most cases by letter or ticket. This is to be obtained
from a subscriber or governor, and is generally to be
regarded only as a recommendation of the case to the
administrative authority at the Institution. As these recom-
mendations are examined in rotation, a letter should be sent
to the Secretary or Manager at the Institution, or to the office
named, with the least possible delay, and should be accom-
panied by whatever certificates may be necessary. (See
especially not^to *' Convalescent.'')

In the column headed Terms of Admission will generally
be found a note of the certificates required. In many cases
the first preliminary is to obtain a form, which will,
ordinarily, give the requirements in this respect.

This work does not deal with exclusively Pauper Institu-
tions. A few of those named under the heads of " Blind "
and " Deaf and Dumb " are certified by the Local Government
Board as fitted for the reception, &c., of pauper children; and
as the requirements of that Authority are of a high standard,
the Board's certificate should satisfy the most exigent.

The charges are given at so much a week unless otherwise
stated.

BATHS, MINERAL WATER. See HYDROPATHIC

ESTABLISHMENTS.

BATHS, SEA WATER. See SEA-BATHING.

BLIND.

Under this heading will be found a variety of Institutions,
including schools for all classes in life, for boys, girls, and
adults, for day scholars and boarders — Institutions where
assistance can be obtained in sickness, where men and women
can be taught various trades, and so enabled to obtain a
livelihood, at which resident and non-resident apprentices are
taken, and where work may be procured both within the
Institution and to be done at home. For the infirm, the aged,
and the sick, all kinds of relief are afforded in the various
Institutions, thus —

The Somerstown Blind Aid Society supplies medicine free
to sick members, and allows each threepence a week for a
guide.

The North London Home for Aged Christian Blind Women
over fifty takes care of cases of real need, either without pay-
ment or on such small payments as may come easily within
the means of the applicants.

The Southwark Society grants annuities to the adult blind
above forty years of age, and the Pension Societies of various
kinds quartered throughout the country are too numerous to
mention in detail. The infirm are taken care of at various
institutions, as, for example, that of the Painters Stainers'
Company, Little Trinity Lane, London, or that of the Cord-

Part I.] BLIND. 5

wainers' Company, Canuon Street, E.C., which grants up-
wards of one hundred pensions of £b to men over forty-five,
women over forty, and widows or maidens over thirty. The
social position of the blind is also considered, and every class
will find a home suited to its condition. For instance, the
London Society (Regent's Park) for teaching the blind to read
admits free pupils by election of donors and subscribers, or a
better class of pupils on the payment of £20 per annum.

The Royal Normal College of Music, Upper Norwood,
admits the young of either sex and of any rank possessing
sufficient ability, and takes private pupils by special arrange-
ment ; whilst the Worcester College, for blind sons of gentle-
men, takes pupils at as early an age as they can be sent from
home at payments of from £80 to £100 per annum, and
prepares them for the Universities. There are numerous
Institutions for the poor and destitute in addition to the
large number of establishments marked in the subjoined
list with an asterisk, which are certified by the Local Govern-
ment Board, and to the instruction given at the London
School Board classes. In addition to provision for instruction,
training, and employment, there is a Society in Wimpole
Street, London, for the improvement of the physique of the
blind, which gratuitously assists poor schools and classes with
teachers, models, and publications ; whilst at Worcester there
is a Society for providing cheap literature for the blind, which
issues works at less than cost price.

Generally it may be stated that the fuUest provision is made
for the necessities of all classes of people who are afflicted with
blindness, though, of course, the requirements at different
Institutions having the same objects vary ; and in those which
are situated outside the metropolitan area the benefits are not
infrequently confined to local cases. Young and old, rich and
poor, boys, girls, men, women, aged and infirm, the wholly and
partially blind, have all been thought of by the charitable.

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

In some cases total blindness and sound bodily health are
essential to procure admission ; in others total blindness is not
a sine qud nouy and cases of sickness or bodily infirmity receive
the first attention. Some provide for the absolutely destitute,
and others, based upon provident principles, assist cases from
small loan funds which exist for employes during sickness.
At some Institutions the payments made include clothing,
whilst at others no clothes are provided.

No infirmity to which flesh is heir excites more universal
sympathy than blindness, and it will be noticed that the
Institutions founded for the relief of those who suffer from
this infirmity exceed in number that of any other kind.

In this list Schools are included as well as Institutions where assistance can be obtained
in sickness.

The Establishments marked with an asterisk (*) are certified by the Local Government
Board under the Act 25 and 2G Vict. cap. 43.

The fees for instruction at the London School Board classes yary from \d. to 6d. a week.

Town and county.

*Bath, Somerset

Battenhall, Worcester

Beckenham

^Birmingham, War-
wick.

Bolton, Lanes.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Institution for Blind and
Deaf and Dumb. 8 and 9
Walcot Parade. For Chil-
dren.

Blind School Home. 36
Bathwick St. For Women.

See Worcester.

St Agatha's Home.

General Institution for the
Blind, Edgbaston. For
Children. With work-
shops for adults.

Bolton Schools and Work-
shops for the Blind. 2
Tipping street.

Bradford, Yks. ''• Associatiun for the Blind,

North Parade.

Asylum for the Instruction
of the Blind. Eastern
Road.

Asylum for the Blind. Park
St.

Blind Women's Home. 25
St Michaers Hill.

^Brighton, Sussex.

Bristol, Glouc.

Terms of admission.

At the discretion of tlie committee.
Boys must be between 6 and 1 years
old, girls betv/een 6 and 13. Day
scholars free. Boarders £12 per
annum. The inmates leave — boys
at 14, girls later.

£12 per ann. Applicants must be at
least 17 years old, and have 5 yrs*.
good character f^om tlie committee
of the school.

See Convalescents.

By governor's recommendation and
payment of £2. 12«. 6rf. ; or, if resi-
dent within 20 miles of Biiming-
ham, £2. li. a quarter. Applicants
must be between 10 and 20 yeais ot
age.

At discretion of committee. Prefer-
ence given to local cases. Total
blindness not necessary in all cases.

Solely for industrial employment of
the blind.

At discretion of committee. Must
be over 8 years old. Girls remain
till 21, boys till 18. £12 per ann.

Information not obtoinable.

At committee's discretion. Total or
almost total blindness is necessary.
£13 per ami., quarterly in advance,
not including clothing.

Part 1. 1

BLIND.

Town ftnd county.

Cardiff; Glam.

Cheltenham, Glonc

Coggeshall, Essex.

♦'Deronport, Devon...

•Exeter, „

Hastings, Sussex

HuD, Torks.

Ipswich, Suffolk.
Leeds, Torks

Leicester, Leicester . ,

Name of institution and
exact address.

Institution for the Blind.
Adamsdowti Road.

Home Teaching and Indus-
trial Society for the Blind.
47 Winchcomh Street

Rashdairs Charity. Pen-
sions of £5 a year.

Deyonport and Western
Counties Association for
the BUnd.

West of England Institution
for the Blind. St David's
Hill.

Sanatorium for the Blind.

Nelson's Buildings, High

Street.
Society for Teaching the

Blind to Read and Work.

Institution for the Relief of
the Blind.

United Institution for the
Blind and the Deaf and
Dumb. Albion Street.

Terms of admission.

Association for the Welfare
of the Blind. 86 High St.
(to be removed shortly to
Granby St.), with which
is connected a

Cottage Home

Liverpool, Lanes ; School for the Indigent

Blind. Hardman Street.

i»

»»

LONDON, N.
Holloway, Upper ,

Catholic Blind Asylum. 69
Brunswick Road.

Workshops for the Blind.
Comwallis Street.

North London Home for
Aged Christian Blind
Women. 90 Junction Rd.

Islington Caledonian Rood.

Free to men and boys of good charac-
er, and with perfect use of Umbs
and faculties.

At comudttee's discretion. Free.
Applicants, if not totally blind, must
be Unable to gain their living in an
ordinary way.

At discretion of trustees, who select
the most destitute cases. Appli-
cation to Thos. C. Swinburne, Esq.,
or Tlios. Shnpson, Esq., M.R.G.S.,
Coggeshall.

At committee's discretion. 2«. M. to
5$. a week. Guarantee required for
payment. Age 8 to 80. Total blind-
ness not necessary. Clothes not
provided. Inmates remain till able
to provide for themselves.

Age of admission— males between 8
and 18, females no limit. Si. Gd.
a week. Clothes not provided. In-
mates remain till provided for.

Information not obtainable.

Provides workshops and teachers at
home, and finds employment.

Provides workshops and home instruc-
tion.

At committee's discretion. Adults or
learners at workshops free. A charge
is made for children who are in-
mates of school; these remain until
able to learn some industrial em-
ployment. Total blindness not ne-
cessary.

Provides workshops and home teach-
ing for all the blind in Leicester, and
sending children to schools. Free.
The Home is open to all, but the pre-
ference is given to Leicestershire
persons. The veiy nearly blind
are taken.

At discretion of committee. Age be-
tween 10 and 45. Payment S».
a week, half-yeai*ly in advance, not
including clothing.

At committee's discretion. 3 x. a week,
and £3 per ann. for clothes.

Provides workshops, home Instruction
in reading, and finds employment.

Qualifications, " Over 50, blindness,
real need and credible evidence of
experimental piety." Payment ac-
cording to ability If not destitute.
Guarantee requii*ed for expenses of
funeral.

Lond. Sch. Bd. Classes, Thur. mom.

8

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

Town and county.

LOKDON, N.
lalingtoa ....

Somen Town

Stoke Newington...

N.W.
Eilbnm

LIfton Grove...
Begent'sPark.

StJotan*8Wood ...

W.

Berner8St!,Ko.25..

Cambridge Square,
Hyde Park, No.
83.

Kensington

Nottlng Hm

Sarile Row, No. 84.

WimpoleSt.,No.ll8

8.W.

Battersea.

„ Park..

Name of institntion and
exact address.

Angler's Gardens, Popham
Road.

Somers Town Blind Aid So-
ciety. Aldenham Board
School, Hamden Street.

High Siareet.

Home for Blind Cliildren.
Goldsmith's Place, Kil-
bom Priory.

Stephen Street.

London Society for Teaching

the Blind to Read. Upper

Avenue Road.

Phoenix Home for Blhid
Women. 44 Alma Square.
Kiss G. HiU.

Institution of the Associa-
tion for the Welfare of the
Blind.

British and Foreign Blind
Association.

Kensington Institute. 2
Young Street, High St.

Portobello Road.
BUnd Man's Friend.

Society for the Prevention of
Blindness and for the Im-
provement of the Physique
of the Blind.

Mantua Street, Tork Road.

Terms of admission.

Lend. Sch. Bd. Classes, Mond. mom.

Members (limited to 150) admitted as
funds and space permit. Apply to
Mr. Ireland. Medicine free to sick
members. Each member is allowed
Sd. a week for a guide.

Lend. Sch. Bd. Classes, Mond. mom.

Age between 3 and 10. £8. 10«. per
ann., quarterly in advance. Clothing,
£4 per annum. Music, £1 or £2.
Certificates required of health, vac-
cination, and freedom from fits.

Lend. Sch. Bd. Classes, Wed. moras.

Free pupils by election of donors and
subscribers. Others pay £20 per ann.,
1 term in advance, which may be in-
creased or decreased. Music, £1. 85.
a term, in qualified cases 14^. Age,
males, 8 to 17; females, 8 to 20. Stay
limited to 9 years, or until 21 for
males, and 24 for females. Day
pupils require member's letter. Any
age over 7. 10«. a term.

By subscriber's recommendation. Age
between 20 and 60. £20 per ann., not
including clothing. Guarantee of
£5 required for removal on death or
when required.

Free if elected by committee, f oimders,
and subscribers. Other pupils pay Cs.
a week for basket, and 4s. for bmsh
maldng, which is lessened as pro-
gress is made. Pupils board and
lodge themselves.

For diffusing the means of educating
and employing the blind. Apply to
the Hon. Sec, Dr. T. R. Armitage.

Admission of males to completely fitted
workshops is regulated by commit-
tee. Women do chair-caning at
home.

Lond. Sch. Bd. Classes, every aft'n.

By election of trustees. Applicants
must be under 21, and produce re-
commendations fi'om 5 or 6 house-
holders, medical ceitificate, and
clergyman's certificate of moral
character.

Gratuitously assists poor schools and
classes with teachers, models, publi-
cations, &c. Apply to Dr. Roth.

Lond. Sch. Bd. Classes, Fri. moms.
„ „ Tues. aft'ns.

N ^

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<»e«rer'» Fi-l-K In cc-n-
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Protestant Bllml Tonslon
Society. 2:15 Southwark
Bridge Road.

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Hii tiuttiMO of not initio (hull t'tIO M
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14 HINTS IN SICKNESS. '[Past I.

CHARITY ORGANISATION SOCIETIES.

{See also Appendix.)

It was a question whether or not the enumeration of the
offices of the parent Society, and of similar Societies through-
out England and Wales, would constitute matter of sufficient
interest to the readers of this book to warrant admission
to its pages. Sickness is however a fruitful cause of distress,
and sick cases therefore form a large portion of the work
of the Charity Organisation and kindred Societies. Relief
in sickness is moreover becoming to be more and more recog-
nized as an increasing and necessary portion of the work of
such Societies. By securing admission to a Hospital or
Dispensary, or by removal therefrom to a Convalescent In-
stitution, the best kind of medical assistance is frequently
given, and a large number of letters of admission to various
Institutions is always available for suitable cases. When a
Hospital has no Samaritan Fund from which needful mone-
tary assistance can be given by the Hospital authorities,
the Charity Organisation Society endeavours to provide for
the proper after-care of sick cases from other sources. These
particular Societies are therefore deeply interested in the wise
and thorough administration of relief in sickness, and for this
reason it was thought right that they find a place here. It is
often difficult to know what to do to help a particular case,
and it may therefore prove of interest to add the following
outline of the modus operandi of these Agencies.

Mode of Operation. — Each Committee establishes an Office
to be a centre of charitable organisation in its District.

It appoints one or more Charity Agents to act under its
instructions, and especially (1) to collect particulars as to the
action of the Charities of the District and the relief given by
them, and to keep such particulars in an accessible form ; (2)

pabti.] charity organisation societies. 15

to receive applications from persons referred to the Office, and
to investigate their cases ; and (3) to keep up communication
with the Kelieving Officers of the Guardians.

All persons, whether Subscribers' or not, are invited to
refer to the Committee cases requiring investigation. If
requested so to do, it communicates the result of such investi-
gation to the person desiring inquiry, and should he wish to
undertake the case, leaves it in his hands. In the absence of
such wish, the Committee deals with each case to the best of its
judgment and ability.

Committee's mode of dealing with Cases. — The Committees
desire to bring about a division of cases between the Poor Law
and the Charities, and also amongst the various Charities, so
that the most suitable agency may be solely responsible for
each case. Cases properly belonging to the Poor Law are,
therefore, passed on to the Guardians. This class includes,
strictly speaking, all cases of destitution which are not taken
out of it by requiring a kind or amount of relief which the
Guardians are forbidden to give. But the Charities are
generally willing to assist persons of good character to whom
temporary aid is likely to be permanently useful. Cases of
temporary distress, with evidence of good character and thrift,
are therefore looked on by the Committees as suitable for
private charity, and are referred to the Charity which seems
best able to take charge of them. Where other Charities are
unable to afford the requisite assistance to such cases, the
Committees assist them, if the funds intrusted to them admit
of this. The Committee will not undertake to find the
pensions which deserving chronic cases need, but endeavours
to procure them from existing charities or from private persons.

In giving such assistance the Committees refuse to give
small weekly doles of food or money, believing that these
undermine the independence of the recipient. In suit-
ible cases they give assistance in the form of loans with

18

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Name and exact address.

Borslem, Price Street,

Burton-on-Trenfc, comer of Mosley Street

and Duke Street,
Cambridge, Post OflBce Terrace,
Cantei'biuy, Guildliall Street,
Carmarthen, 42 Spilman Street,
Cheltenham, Clarence Parade House,

Cheshnnt, Tamer's Hill,
Chester, 22 Northgate Street,
Croydon, The Barracks, Mitcham Road,
Darlington, Northgate (adjoining Police

Station),
Derby, 31 St Mary's Gate.
Dover, 10 Russell Street,
Durham, 61^ Sadler Street,
Eton, 16 High Street,
Exeter, 4 Bampfylde Street,
Falmouth, no Office,
Gloucester, 8 St John's Lane,
Halifax, 4 Regent Street,
Hanley, Town Hall,

Hastings and St Leonards, Bourne

Passage, High Street,
Horsham, 39 Carfax,
Hove (See Brighton).
Hull, 3 Junction Place,
Isle of Man (Douglas), Douglas,
Kenilworth {See Warwick).
T -„_-,„^^„ f 5 Church Street,
Leamington, { Town Hall,

Leeds, 3 Oxford PUice,

Leek, 2 Silk Street,

Leicester, 39 Charles Street,

Lichfield, Guildhall,

Liverpool, 5 Dale Street,

LONDON, West District-
Chelsea, 5a Blackland's Terrace, King's

Road,
Fulham, 56 Hammersmith Road,
Kenilngton, 42 Church Street,
Paddington, 20 Westboume Park Ter-

ra«fe, Harrow Road,
St George's, 48 Buckingham Palace Rd.,
St James's and Soho, 46 Great Pulteney
Street, W.,

LONDON, North District
Hackney, Old Town Hall,
Hampstead, comer of Church Lane,

High Street,
IsUngton, 68 College Street, Bamsbury,
North St Pancras and Highgate, 120

Highgate Road,
South St Pancras, 17 Wobum Buildings,
St Marylebone, 151 Marylebone Road,

LONDON, Central District-
City of London, 25 College Street,
Dowgate Hill,

Name of society and office hours.

Charity Organisation Society, 1 to 2 ; 5 to 7.

Do. do., 10 to 12 A.M. ; 5 to C p.m.

Charity Organisation Society, 4 to 6.
Alford Canterbury Poor Relief Assoc, 9 to 1 ; 2 to 6.
Charity Organisation Society, 10 to 12.
Soc. forthe Organisation, of Charity in Cheltenham,
Leckhampton, and Charlton Kings, 12 to 1 ; 3 to 4.
Association for Organising Charitable Relief, 5 to 7.
Charity Organisation Association, 11 to 1; 5 to 6.
Charitable Society, 2 to 4.
Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 11 ; 3 to 5.

Do. do., 10 to 12; 6 to 6.

Charity Organisation Assoc, 9 to 10; 3 to 4; 6 to 7.

Mendicity Society, 10 to 1.

Charity Organisation Association, 10 to 11 ; 4 to 6.

Charity Organisation Society.

Misericordia Society, none.

Charity Organisation Society, 11 to 3.
Do. do., 9 to 6.

Society for Organising Charitable Relief and Re-
pressing Mendicity, 9 to 10 a.m. ; 5 to 6 p.m.

Mendicity Society and Charity Inquiry Office, 6 to 8
in summer; 7 to 7 in winter.

Charity Organ. Assoc, 2 to 3; «S5 Tu. Th. & Sat., 6 to 6.30.

Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 4.

House of Industry, all day; Friday, 10 to 12.

Charity Organisation and Relief Society, 11 to 1.
Mendicity Society, all day.
Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 6.

Do. do., 6 to 7.

Do. do., 11 to 4.

Relief Society, 9 to 9.
Central Relief and Charity Organ. Society, 9.30 to .1.

10 to 12 ; 4 to 5 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

2 to 4.

For street beggars, 1 to 6 ; for residents, 3 to 5.

10 to 12 ; 3 to 6 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

10 to 6.

lltol; Saturdays, 11 to 12.

10.30 to 12 ; 5 to 6 ; Tues. and Sat., 10.30 to 12 only.
10 to 12; 4 to 5.

10 to 12.

10 to 12; 4.30 to 6.30 ; Saturdays, 10 to 2 only.

10 to 12 ; 4.30 to 6.30 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

For general business, 10 to 6; for applicants, 10 to
12, 4 to 5; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

10 to 4 ; Saturdays, 10 to 1 only.

partL] charity organisation societies.

19

Name and exact address.

LONDON, Central District—
Clerkenwell and St Luke's, 5 President

Street, Goswell Road, E.G.,
Holbom, 5 Featherstone Buildings,

W.C,
St Giles's and Bloomsbury, 27 Duke

Street, New Oxford Street,
Strand, 51 Strand,
LONDON, East District—
Bethnal Green, 297 Bethnal Green Rd.
Mile End Old Town, 27 Ea»t Arbour

Street, E.,
Poplar Union, 129 East India Dock Rd.,
Shoi-editch, 56 St John's Road, Uoxton,
Stepney Union, 270 Burdett Road, E.,
WUtcchapel Union, \ 194 Coramer-
Sl George-in-thc-East,) cial Road,
LONDON, South District—
Battersea, 175 High Street, Battersea,
Brixton, Victoria Street School, Corn-
wall Road, Brixton Hill, S.W.,
Camberwell, 1 Grove Lane,
Clapham, 73 Bromell*s Road,
Deptford, Mission Hall, King Street,

Broadway,
Eltham, High Street,
Greenwich, 14 Haddington Terrace,

King Street,
Lambeth, 86 Upper Kennington Lane
Lewisham, Lee Bridge, S.E.,
Newington, 30 Draper St., Walworth Rd.
St Olave, Sonthwark, 39 St James's

Road, Bermondsey, S.E.,
St Saviour, Southwark, 9 St George's

Circus,
Sydenham, 1 Clyde Terrace, Forest

Hill, S.E.
Wandsworth and Putney, The Plain,

Wandsworth,
Woolwich, 5 Eleanor Road,
Malvern, Police Station,
Malvern, Tyttelton Committee Room,

Church Street,
Manchester and Salford {See also Pendle-
ton), 6 Queen Street, Albert Square,
Moseley (See Birmingham).
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 3 Northumberland

Place,
Norwich, Prince of Wales Road,
Norwood (Upper) and South Dulwich,
1 Portland Terrace, Woodland Hill,
Gipsy HiU, S.E.,
Nottingham, 24 St James St., Market PI.,
Oxford, 6 Church Street, St Ebbe's,
Pendleton (Manchester), 24 Broad Sti-eet,
Penzance, 40 Market Place (pro tern.)

Preston (See Brighton).
Plymouth, 5 Frankfort Sti-eet,
Reading, 69 Castle Street,

Name of society and ofQce hours.

lOtol.

9 to 12.

10 to 12 ; 5 to 6 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

10 to 1 ; 5 to 6 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

9.80 to 10.30; 5 to 6; Saturdays, 9.30 to 10.80 only.
10 to 11 ; 4 to 6; Saturdays, 10 to 11 only.

10 to 12.

lltoL

10 to 11 ; 4 to 5 ; Saturdays, 10 to 11 only.

10 to 11 ; 5 to 6.30; Saturdays, 10 to 11 only.

10 to 12.
10 to 1.

10 to 2.

10.30 to 12; 4.30 to 6.

9.30 to 11 ; 3 to 4; Saturdays, 9.80 to 11 only.

10 to 12; 2 to 5.
10 to 12 ; 2 to 5.

10 to 1.

9.30 to 11 ; 3 to 5; Saturdays, 9.80 to 12 only.

10 to 12.

11 to 1.30.

11 to 1.

1 to 4.

10 to 12; 4to5.

10 to 12 ; 4 to 5.

Mendicity Society, all day.

Charity Organisation Society, Monday, Wednesday,

and Friday, 10 to 12.
District Provident Society, 9 to 5.

Charity Organisation Society, 10 to 12; 2 to 5 ; Wed-
nesday, 10 to 12.
District Visiting Society.
Charity Organisation and Mendicity Society, 1 to 4.

Charity Organisation Society, 12 to 2; 5 to 7.
Charity Organisation Association, 12 to 2 ; 6 to 7.
Investigation and Aid Society, 7 to 9.
Society for Organishig Charitable Relief in Penzance
and Neighbourhood, 10 to 11; 3.30 to 4.30.

Mendicity Society, 10 to 12; 3 to 5.

Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 10; 3 to 6,

18

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Name and exact address.

Name of society and oflBce hours.

Borslem, Price Street,

Burton-on-Trent, comer of Mosley Street

and Duke Street,
Cambridge, Post OflBce Terrace,
Canterbury, Guildhall Street,
Carmarthen, 42 Spilman Street,
Cheltenham, Clarence Parade House,

Cheshunt, Turner's Hill,
Chester, 22 Northgate Street,
Croydon, The Barracks, Mitcham Road,
Darlington, Northgate (adjoining Police

Station),
Derby, 31 St Mary's Gate.
Dover, 10 Russell Street,
Durham, 61^ Sadler Street,
Eton, 16 High Street,
Exeter, 4 Bampfylde Street,
Falmouth, no OflSce,
Gloucester, 8 St John's Lane,
Halifax, 4 Regent Street,
Hanley, Town Hall,

Hastings and St Leonards, Bourne

Passage, High Street,

Horsham, 39 Carfax,

Hove (See Brighton).

Hull, 3 Junction Place,

Isle of Man (Douglas), Douglas,

Kenilworth (iSee Warwick).

T^.n^fn/,f/^» i 5 Church Street,
Leamington, -(Town Hall.

Leeds, 3 Oxford Place,

Leek, 2 Silk Street,

Leicester, 39 Charles Street,

Lichfield, Guildhall,

Liverpool, 5 Dale Street,

LONDON, West District-
Chelsea, 6a Blackland*s Terrace, Ehig's

Road,
Fulham, 56 Hammersmith Road,
Kentington, 42 Church Street,
Paddington, 20 Westboume Park Ter-

ra«fe, Harrow Road,
St George's, 48 Buckingham Palace Rd.,
St James's and Soho, 46 Great Pulteney
Street, W.,

LONDON, North District
Hackney, Old Town Hall,
Hampstead, comer of Church Lane,

High Street,
Islington, 63 College Street, Bamsbury,
North St Pancras and Highgate, 120

Highgate Road,
South St Pancras, 17 Wobum Buildings,
St Marylebone, 161 Marylebone Road,

LONDON, Central District-
City of London, 26 College Street,
Dowgate Hill,

Charity Organisation Society, 1 to 2 ; 6 to 7.

Do. do., 10 to 12 A.M.; 5 to 6 p.m.

Charity Organisation Society, 4 to 6.
Alford Canterbury Poor Relief Assoc., 9 to 1 ; 2 to 6.
Charity Organisation Society, 10 to 12.
Soc. forthe Organisation, of Charity in Cheltenham,
Leckhampton, and Charlton Kings, 12 to 1 ; 3 to 4.
Association for Organising Charitable Relief, 6 to 7.
Charity Organisation Association, 11 to 1 ; 5 to 6.
Charitable Society, 2 to 4.
Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 11 ; 3 to 6.

Do. do., 10 to 12; 6 to 6.

Charity Organisation Assoc, 9 to 10; 3 to 4; 6 to 7.

Mendicity Society, 10 to 1.

Charity Organisation Association, 10 to 11 ; 4 to 6.

Charity Organisation Society.

Misericordia Society, none.

Charity Organisation Society, 11 to 3.
Do. do., 9 to 6.

Society for Organising Charitable Relief and Re-
pressing Mendicity, 9 to 10 a.m. ; 5 to 6 p.m.

Mendicity Society and Charity Inquiry Ofllce, 6 to 8
in summer; 7 to 7 in winter.

Charily Organ. Assoc., 2 to 3; «S5 Tu. Th. & Sat., 6 to 6.30.

Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 4.

House of Industry, all day; Friday, 10 to 12.

Charity Organisation and Relief Society, 11 to 1.
Mendicity Society, all day.
Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 6.

Do. do., 6 to 7.

Do. do., 11 to 4.

Relief Society, 9 to 9.
Central Relief and Charity Organ. Society, 9.30 to r>.

10 to 12 ; 4 to 5 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

2 to 4.

For street beggars, 1 to 6 ; for residents, 3 to 5.

10 to 12 ; 3 to 6 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

10 to 6.

11 to 1 ; Saturdays, 11 to 12.

10.30 to 12 ; 6 to 6 ; Tnes. and Sat., 10.30 to 12 only.
10 to 12; 4 to 6.

10 to 12.

10 to 12; 4.30 to 6.30 ; Saturdays, 10 to 2 only.

10 to 12 ; 4.30 to 6.30 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

For general busbiess, 10 to 6; for applicants, 10 to
12, 4 to 6; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

10 to 4; Saturdays, 10 to 1 only.

partL] charity organisation societies.

19

Name and exact address.

LONDON, Central District—
Clerkenwell and St Luke's, 5 President

Street, Goswell Road, E.C.,
Holbom, 5 Featherstono Buildings,

W.C,
St Giles's and Bloomsbury, 27 Duke

Street, New Oxford Street,
Strand, 51 Strand,
LONDON, East District—
Bethnal Green, 297 Bethnal Green Rd.
Mile End Old Town, 27 East Arbour

Street, E.,
Poplar Union, 129 East India Dock Rd.,
Shoi-edltch, 56 St John's Road, lioxton,
Stepney Union, 270 Burdett Road, E.,
Whitechapel Union, \ 194 Coramer-
St George-in-thc-East,> cial Road,
LONDON, South District—
Battersea, 175 High Street, Battersea,
Brixton, Victoria Street School, Corn-
wall Road, Brixton Hill, S.W.,
Camberwell, 1 Grove Lane,
Clapham, 73 Bromell's Road,
Deptford, Mission Hall, King Street,

Broadway,
Eltham, High Street,
Greenwich, 14 Haddington Terrace,

King Street,
Lambeth, 86 Upper Eennington Lane
Lewisham, Lee Bridge, S.E.,
Newington, 30 Draper St., Walworth Rd.
St Olave, Southwark, 89 St James's

Road, Bermondsey, S.E.,
St Saviour, Southwark, 9 St George's

Circus,
Sydenham, 1 Clyde Terrace, Forest

Hill, S.E.
Wandsworth and Putney, The Plain,

Wandsworth,
Woolwich, 5 Eleanor Road,
Halvem, Police Station,
Malvern, Tyttelton Committee Room,

Church Street,
Manchester and Salford {See also Pendle-
ton), 6 Queen Street, Albert Square,
Moseley (See Birmingham).
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 3 Northumberland

Place,
Norwich, Prince of Wales Road,
Norwood (Upper) and South Dulwich,
1 Portland Terrace, Woodland Hill,
Gipsy HUl, S.E.,
Nottingham, 24 St James St., Market PI.,
Oxford, 6 Church Street, St Ebbe's,
Pendleton (Manchester), 24 Broad Street,
Penzance, 40 Market Place (pro tern.)

Preston {See Brighton).
Plymouth, 5 Fi-ankf ort Street,
Reading, 69 Castle Street,

Name of society and ofBce houn.

lOtol.

9 to 12.

10 to 12 ; 5 to 6 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

10 to 1 ; 5 to 6 ; Saturdays, 10 to 12 only.

9.30 to 10.30; 5 to 6; Saturdays, 9.30 to 10.30 only.
10 to 11 ; 4 to 5; Saturdays, 10 to 11 only.

10 to 12.

11 to 1.

10 to 11 ; 4 to 5 ; Saturdays, 19 to 11 only.
10 to 11 ; 5 to 5.30; Satimlays, 10 to 11 only.

10 to 12.
10 to 1.

10 to 2.

10.30 to 12; 4.80 to 6.

9.30 to 11 ; 8 to 4; Saturdays, 9.80 to 11 only.

10 to 12; 2 to 5.
10 to 12 ; 2 to 5.

lOtoL

9.30 to 11; 3 to 5; Saturdasrs, 9.80 to 12 only.

10 to 12.

11 to 1.30.

11 to 1.

lto4.

10 to 12; 4to5.

10 to 12 ; 4 to 5.

Mendicity Society, all day.

Charity Organisation Society, Monday, Wednesday,

and Friday, 10 to 12.
District Provklent Society, 9 to 5.

Charity Oi^nlsation Society, 10 to 12; 2 to 6 ; Wed-
nesday, 10 to 12.
District Visiting Society.
Charity Organisation and Mendicity Society, 1 to 4.

Chailty Organisation Society, 12 to 2; 5 to 7.
Charity Organisation Association, 12 to 2 ; 6 to 7.
Investigation and Aid Society, 7 to 9.
Society for Organising Charitable Relief in Penzance
and Neighbourhood, 10 to 11 ; 3.80 to 4.30.

Mendicity Society, 10 to 12 ; 3 to 5.

Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 10; 3 to 6,

20

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pakt L

Name and exact address.

Reigate and Redhlll, Shaw's Corner,

RedhiU,
Rochdale, 32 Water Street,

Rngby, Police OflBcc, Plowman Street,
SaAxm Walden, Com Exchange,

Scarborough, 21 Aberdeen Walk,
Southampton, The Dispensary, Trinity Rd.
Stoke-on-Trent, Town Hall,
Tcignmonth, St James's Mission House,

West Teignmoath,
Tenby, St George's Street,
Torquay, Ellacombe,
Tunbridge Wells, Town Hall,
WalsaU, 26 GoodaU Street,

Warwick, Police Station,

Wfanbledon, High Street,
Winchester, The Square,
Worcester, Police Station,
Worthing, Town Hall, Worthing,

York, 20 Little Stonegate,

Name of society and oiOce hoars.

Mendicity and Relief Society. IQ to 12; 3 to 6;

Sunday, 1.30 to 2.30.
Charity Organisation Society, 11 to 12; 3 to 5;

Saturday, 10 to 1 only.
Mendicity Society, all day.
Charity Organisation Society, Monday, Wednesday,

and Friday, 10 to 11.
Charity Organisation Association, 9 to 11 ; 3 to 5.
Cliarity Organisation Society, 10 to 1.

Do. do., 12tol; 5 to 6.

Do. do., 3 to 5.

Do. do., 12 to 2; fito6.

Mendicity Society, all hours.

Do., 10 to 12; 5 to 7.

Anti-Mendicity and Charity Organisation Society,

9 to 10; lto2; 6 to 6.
Warwick, Leamington, and Kenilworth Mendicity

Society, no hours 8X)ecifled.
Charity Organisation Society, Week-days, 11 to 5.

Do. do., 12 to 4.

Wayfarers' Relief Association, all day.
Broadwater and Heene Charity Organisation Asso-
ciation, 9 to 10 ; 5 to 6.
Charity Organisation Society, 9 to 11 ; 4 to 4.80.

Pakt L ] CHILDREN. 2 1

CHEST. See CONSUMPTION.

CHILDREN.

{For Conyalescent Homes for CbUdren, ate C0NVALB80KMT. )

The amount of provision made for sick and suffering chil-
dren is fairly scattered throughout the country, but if the
number of Hospitals in the metropolis may be taken as a
guide, it would appear that many provincial towns require
special provision to be made for the suffering little ones.
A child to come within the scope of a children's Hospital
must be within the age of two and fourteen, though it is
unusual to admit boys over ten except in cases of accident.
It is customary to require the certificate of the medical officer
at the Hospital before granting admission, and when making
application for a bed, to forward at the same time a certificate
from a medical man as evidence that the applicant is not
suffering from infectious or incurable disease. Admission is
usually free on application, or by payment of a weekly sum,
which varies from sixpence a week at the Koyal Hospital for
Children and Women, Waterloo Koad, S.E., to two guineas
at the General Hospital for Sick Children at Pendlebury. In
one case, the Home for Sick Children, Belmont House,
Cheltenham, children are admitted over three years of age
by an annual payment of £13, but cases of fits, infectious
diseases, and incurables are not eligible. In some cases the
amount of payment is fixed by the Weekly Committee accord-
ing to the circumstances of each case, or a smaller charge is
taken if a governor's letter be forthcoming ; but no cases are
admitted except on payment of the minimum charge. In one
or two instances, as at the Infants' Infirmary, Stepney Cause-

L2 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part I.

way, children of from three weeks to five years old, whose
case are not serious enough to make them Hospital subjects,
are received on payment of twopence per day, which includes
food, clothing, and treatment. In some of the Hospitals
which receive payments from the patients, free admissions
are made at the discretion of the medical officers, and here
out-patients are admitted without payment, providing they
come within the standard of eligibility fixed by the Provident
Dispensaries. In those Hospitals where the admission is by
subscriber's lett-er, there is usually no payment required. In
some cases out-patients are only admitted to treatment when
the parents consent to have their cases investigated — with the
object of excluding those who earn more than forty shillings
per week. Where payments are made, washing is usually
treated as an extra. Out-patients are admitted by governor's
letter, or by payment of from twopence to one shilling a week,
or partly by payment and partly by governor's letter ; and in
some cases wh^n there are a number of applicants, although
free cases are alone received, those which present a governor's
letter take precedence of those not so fortified.

Children, and especially sick children, excite universal
sympathy, and it is no doubt in some degree owing to this
fact that more than one Hospital has been established for the
reception of chronic and incurable cases. Such Institutions
usually exclude cripples not requiring surgical treatment,
and cases of epilepsy, unsound mind, or cancer. They do,
however, receive children suffering from hip-joint disease, and
the preference is frequently given to those cases where surgical
treatment is calculated to improve the condition of the
patients. In the case of these Institutions, it is often
necessary to obtain a householder's guarantee for the payment
of a small weekly sum, and for the removal of a child under
certain circumstances. As has been already stated, the num-
ber of Children's Hospitals is at present far too small, and

Pakt I.]

CHILDREN.

23

here again the funds of the charitable might be beneficially
employed.

Town and county.

Birkenhead, Cheshire

Birmingham, Warwk.

Boomemouth, Hants.
Brighton, Sussex

»»

«

Biistol, Glouc.

»

»i

Charlton, near

Mahnesbniy, Wilts.

Cheltenham, Glouc...

Coatham, Yorks^.

Darlington, Durham
Derby, Derby

Gloucester, Glouc...
Hartshlll, Staff.

Leeds, Yorks

liyerpool, Lanes

LONDON—
Bloomsbuiy, W.C.

Chelsea, S.W.

»♦ »»

Name of institution and
exact address.

Wirral Hospital and Dispen-
sary for Sick Children.
Oxton Koad.

Binning, and Midland Free
Hosp. for Sick Children.

Branch Hosp. for Hip Dis.

Brighton and Hove Lying-in
Inst, and Hospital and
Dispensary for Diseases of
Women and Children.

Royal Alexandra Hospital
for Sick Children.

Bristol Hospital for Sick
Children. Royal Fort St
MichaeVs HiU.

House of Rest for Suffering
Children. Frampton Cot-
terrell.

Cottage Home for Children
under 10 years of age.

Cobourg Society and Dispy.

Home for Sick Children.
Belmont House, Winch-
comb Street.

Convalescent Home and
Children's Hospital.

Cottage Hos. for Sick Childn.

Derbyshire Hospital for
Children.

Free Hosp. for Sick Childn.
Special Wards in North Staf-
fordshire Infirmary.

Hosp. for Women and Childn.
Infirmary for Children.
Myrtle Street.

Alexandra Hospital for Hip
Disease. 18 Queen Square.

Cheyne Hospital for Sick
and Incmtible Children.
46 and 47 Cheyne Walk.

Hospital for Women and
ChUdrcu. King's Road.

Terms of admission.

In-patients, free letter may be dis-
pensed with by a med. officer. Out-
patients, free without letter. They
pay 6d. deposit, which may be re-
turned, and Id. for each ticket for
medicine.

Free.

See CONVALESOBNT.

Free by letter both in and out
patients — the latter pay 6d. or Is.
on registration.

See CONYALESCBNT.

In-patients free. Out, 6d. first visit,
1^. each subsequent visit.

Free. Apply to the Mother Superior,
Congregation of Sisters of Charity.
Boys over 8 and incurable and
chronic cases not admitted.

With letter, 2s. 6d. ; without, 4s. a wk.

Free by subscriber's ticket.

By payment of £13 per ann. Age over

3. Cases of fits, and infection, and

incurables not eligible.
Free by letter.

Free.

By governor's letter for in-patients.
For out-patients, a half-guinea sub-
scriber's letter will do. Age — In, in
ordinary cases, 2 to 10; Out, under
12.

Free.

Free to the poor. The contribution
of those able to pay is fixed by the
Weekly Committee.

By letter of subscriber or donor.

In-patients, free. Out-patients, Id.
each attendance.

By payment of 4s. a wk., or with sub-
scriber's letter free for first 3 wks.,
then 4s. a week, Spinal cases not
eligible.

4s. a week on householder's guarantee.
Patients with subscribers' letters
have precedence. Cripples not re-
quiring surgical treatment, and cases
of epilepsy, unsound mind, and can-
cer, ineligible.

See WoMBN.

24

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

LONDON—
Chelsea, S.W..

Edgware Rd., N.W.
Gloucester St., S.W.
Hackney, E

Haggerstone, E.

Highgate, N.

Kensington, W.

Kentish Town Rd.,

18 and 20, N.W.

Kllburn, N.W

Manchester Sq., W.

Ormond St., Gt.,
W.C.

Portman Sq., W.

Shad well, E.

Name of institution and
exact addi'ess.

Victoria Hospital. Queen's
Road, West.

N.W. London Free Dispen-
sary. 12 Bell Street.

Belgrave Hospital. 77 and
79 Gloucester Street.

North Eastern Hospital,
Hackney Road.

Home of Rest for Sick and
Crippled Children, in con-
nection with the Priory.
18 Gt. Cambridge Street,
Hackney Road.

Cromwell House Convales-
cent Hospital, in connec-
tion with the Hospital,
Great Ormond Street.

Children's Home. 9 Con-
vent Gardens, Kensington
Pk. Road North, W.

North West London Hospi-
tal.

St Monica's Home, Quex
Road (for Surgical and
Chronic cases requiring
active treatment).

Dorset House. 1 Dorset St.
Hospital for Sick Children.

Terms of admission.

Samaritan Hospital for Wo-
men and Children. Lower
Seymour Street.

East London Hospital for
Children, and Dispensary
for Women. See also
Appendix.

By subscriber's letter. After 2 months,
if the case is allowed to stay, 7s. 6d.
a week is charged. Bd. for washing.
Out-pa*lents by letter available for
a fortnight. Age — boys, 2 to 12;
girls, 2 to 16. Infectious cases not
admitted.

Free. No letter required.

By subscriber's letter. Accidents
free. Age, 3 to 12.

By subscriber's free ticket, or by pay-
ment. In-patients, 2«. 6d. ; Out, 4</.
on admission, and 3d. a week after-
wards. No in-patients admitted under
2 years.

Apply to the Mother. Particulars not
furnished.

At discretion of Medical Officer of the
Hospital, Gt. Ormond St., where the
case must have already been for one
week. Free. No letter required.
Incurables are admitted at this
branch.

By payment of 4a. a week in advance.
Parents of in and out patients pay
half the cost of surgical appliances ;
and for operations, 105. 6rf. without,
or £1. Is. with gas or chloroform.
Apply to Miss Hall, Witley Manor,
Godalming.

Free by letter, or by payment accord-
ing to means.

By application to Lady Superintendent.
Medical certificate required, and
householder's guarantee for pay-
ment of 58. Gd. a week, and for re-
moval of child. Age — ghls, 3 to 15;
boys, 3 to 14.

Branch of Samaritan Hospital. See
Portman Square.

By subscriber's letter. Out-patients
without letter must submit to have
their cases investigated, and those
whose parents earn more than 405.
a week are not as a rule eligible for
permanent treatment. There is a
special ward for infectious cases
occurring in the hospital.

Free. No letter required for in-
patients. Out-patients must have
a governor's letter or card if theu*
disease is not peculiar to the sex.

Accidents and urgent cases free ; ordi-
nary cases by subscriber's or donor •
letter.

P«tL]

CHILDRE

^. 25

Tom tad laauCr.

Ti-raw orklmlHlon.

LONDOS-

S<rat!nr»rt,3.E.

Eielln* n«i.. SoWhwirii

All Irte. hut IhOM wHh goimiof! or

Bridge H<»1.

l[lrt..iioli. Infecilou cwei not

StcpDCT.B.

DrDuBUdD'ilDnniWT- >»

At dlKTclIui of Hon, Dlnxtor.

lnfiSt?*?n(b^"''lS. 14,

Kor cliiu™ whMo BUM are not

ind 1« SMpii?^ Cioww*}-.

icrlaiu eoDiiKl' In mke them lioapl-
fl .nblBCU. Age, a w«A. »'^e
™u». teymeni, 30. t d*)-. IndDd-
Ihk food, clothing, inJ tiMtmcnt.

Inrmloo.dlwue.lnDlWI'If.

^telMID.S.E.

ir«ae >na Inflrm.O' f«r

SkkChUdrcn. Sfili'iUiim

fit Rati.

wr^k. WiuhtaK oitm. There in
7 frm l.«l.. A«-*oyi. 1 lo Hi
KlrKil.jU. iftwund mind, epll-

W>tci<»I{«d,B.E

Rojml noipltol fnr ClilUmi

ByBore^or-ilolMr. Children undrr

Biid Woiiitii.

licr. the [onner 1i»t« nmrd-

jdHiiFWrUtnaleduiwoinen. 1./.
eai'h Bltmii.ni:p, ChlWren itlthi
Iho visiting dliti'ld (Lambeth eixl
Uluklrion Brmicci and St UL-orRo'i
Clren.) and loo Ul lo attend ere

nnptUt [or Women and

Cmldnn. 3 nod 4 Vln-

c™tSqiim.

inoanji. Any one may atlend Mitt

onM-oufdayVsiyiog !■„ but

miut g<t . k-tler for .»4oi^ Uload-

only. "^

Clinic*! Ilwplril and DIs-

I'Vce, Id and Oiil. inMoFl lo birFaliga-

pfd.Qry for Children.

Ht ITary-i Hinijltal and Man-
eheater and SaKcnl J)l^
Miiury for Women and

Southern liotpllal. CllironI

; «ho apply durliiji llu im,ik,-rtl«Hl
honm. Appllouiu mnat Ik iinii-

I luiipm, bat unaMo to pay (hr medl-
.■b] advlfT. Wtett anj not aiippoKnl

I to fifwd MM. ■ week.

26

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

Mai'gate, Kent.

Newcastle - on - Tyne,
Northumberland.

Norwich, Norfolk.

Nottingham, Notts....

Redland, Glouc...
Sevenoaks, Kent.

Sheffield, Yorks

Sunderland, Durham.
Walthamstow, Essex.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Church Fields, in connec-
tion with Victoria Hospi-
tal, Queen's Rd., Chelsea.

Newcastle- on-Tyne Hospital
for Diseases of Children.
Steavenson Place, Han-
over Square.

Jenny Lind Infinnary.

Nottingham Free Hospital
for Sick Children.

General Dispensary for
Women and Children.

Hospital for Hip Disease.
The Vine.

Free Hospital for Children.

Hospital for Sick Children.

Leyton and Walthamstow
Hospital Home for Chil-
dren. Salisbury Road,
Walthamstow.

Terms of admission.

See Convalescent.

In-patients by governor's letter and
pajTiient of dd. a week. Out: by
letter and pa}Tnent of Id. for each
allowance of medicine.

Free by letter. Age — In-patients, boys,
2 to 10; girls, 2 to 13. Out: birth to
12. In special cases children under
2 are taken in.

Free without letter, except a small
weekly charge (6d. to 2«) for washing
bed linen . Out-patients pay chemist
6d. for anythhig ordered on one day.

The very poor, 2s. 6d. a month ; others,
6s. Only out-patients.

By subscriber's or donor's letter and
payment of 75. a week. Available for
as long as may be necessary. No
convalescents that can with safety
be sent elsewhere are admitted.

Free.

2s. 6d. to 10«. Bd. a week.

By subscriber's letter. Patients ft-om
Leyton and Walthamstow free;
others, 6s. a week and upwards.
Age, 2 to 14; but boys over 10 and
children under 2 not admitted
except in cases of accident. Wash-
ing extra. Certificate requh:«d of
freedom from infectious or incur-
able disease.

CHRONIC. See INCURABLE.

PaktL] consumption. 27

CONSUMPTION AND DISEASES OF

THE CHEST.

With the exception of London, most of the Institutions for
the relief of these maladies are situated at the sea-side. Man-
chester has a Hospital for consumption and diseases of the
throat, but as it has been impossible to obtain any particu-
lars concerning it, it is fair to assume that it is comparatively
of little importance or else extinct. This is probably the case
in most of the Inland Consumption Hospitals, judging from the
fact that enquiries addressed to them have, with the exception
of the Metropolitan Hospitals and an Institution at Cheddar in
Somerset, been left unanswered. Some of these Institutions
refuse to admit advanced cases of consumption, and confine
their relief to patients who are likely to receive benefit from
Hospital treatment. In the majority of Institutions, admis-
sion is by subscriber's letter, and as there is always a great de-
mand for the beds, such letters are frequently difficult to obtain,
and when procured do not secure admission to the Hospital
for at least two months from the date they are sent in to the
secretary. At St Catherine's Home, Ventnor, and elsewhere,
advanced cases are received, providing the applicant forwards
a medical certificate of the exact state of the disease, and is
able to pay a weekly sum of ten shillings a week and up-
wards. A governor's letter lasts usually from six weeks to
four months, and a list of the governors can almost always be
obtained by application to the secretary, and enclosiog one
shilling in stamps.

It will be noticed that these Hospitals are reserved for
different classes of patients, that is, for men and women,
women only, for children, for incurable cases, for cases in tlie

28

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

first stage of the disease, and so forth. In some instances, as
at the Western Hospital, Torquay, the Institution is only
open between the 1st October and 1st June, and is closed for
the remainder of the year. Payments are frequently taken
from the patients ; these range from seven and sixpence at the
National Sanatorium, Bournemouth, to ten shillings at Vent-
nor, with a guarantee fee of one pound and upwards, which is
usually returned on leaving. Patients must be provided with
body linen, slippers, two towels, knife, fork, and spoon, and
make arrangements for the washing of their personal linen.
It is probable that no class of Institution in this country pro-
vides better accommodation than the Consumption Hospitals
as a group, and the amount of care and treatment which these
cases require necessitates a very considerable expenditure.

Town and county.

Ascot, 6racknell,B'ks.
Bournemouth, Hants.

5>

J»

»»

Cheddar, Somerset....

Heme Bay, Kent......

Littlehampton, Suss.
Liverpool, Lfmcs

i» t»

LONDON—
Brompton, W

Chelsea, S.W

Name of institution and
exact address.

London and Ascot Conval.

Hospital.
NationalSanatorium. Offices,

21 Regent St., Lond., S.W.

Home for Incurable Cases of

Chest Disease. The Firs.

(For Men and Women.)
St Joseph's Home.
St Mary's Home.
St Michael and All Angels

Home for Consumptive

Men and Women and Li-

curable Women.
Mrs England's Conv. Home.
St James' Conval. Home.
Hospital for Consumption

and Diseases of the Chest.
Home for Incurables. 96

Upper Parliament Street.

Terms of admission.

See under Convalescent.

By governor's nomination available for
three months, to be then renewed if
patient's stay is deemed advisable.
7s. 6rf. a week. Washing extra.

Certificate of character and one
month's residence in Bournemouth
required. 10s. 6d. a week.

See Convalescent.

»i »» i

Free. Of the men only consumptives
are admitted; of the women the
paralysed are ineligible.

See Convalescent.

Information not obtainable.

A few beds are reserved for consump-
tives. See Incurables.

Hospital for Consumption By subscriber's letter. Patients must

and Diseases of the Chest.
See also Appendix.

27 Smith St., King's Road,
S.W. (For Men.)

have body linen, slippers, towel,
knife, fork, and spoon, and provide
for washing.
For patients before or after treat-
ment at Brompton Hospital. By
order from the secretary or a lady
of the committee. Protestants only
are inmates. Roman Catholics are
aided outside. Inmates must be able
to maintain themselves.

Pabt L]

CONSUMPTION.

2\)

Town and county.

LONDON—
City Road, E.C. ...

Golden Square

Name of inxtitution and
exact aiMn-fA.

Roral Ilospiul fur I>isi'aM-H
o'f the Chest.

liofqiftal for Dl»eaAes <if the
Tliroat and Che^t.

T'-nii" «'f *liiii '--ii'ii.

Uampstead, N.W... j

Holloway, N.

Margaret St., No.26, ,
Cavendish Sq.fW.

„ „ No. 8.
Newington Batt«,

S.E.
Phnlico, S.W

Portman Sqoare, W.

Shooter'i Hill, S.£.

Tottenham Ct. Rd.,
W., No. 216.

Victoria Park, £....

Manchester, Lanes....

Newcastle - on - Tyne,

Northumberland.
St Leonards, Snssex..

North London Hf>^]•ituI for
C(msninpti(in and Di.owaM'h
ofthcChcAt. )l<miit Ver-
non, N.W.

Kinii^own Orphanage.

Inflmiary for Consunii>tion.
Diseases of the Cheat and
Throat.

St Agnes' Tlospital.

Branch of the Golden Sqtum-
Hospital.

South Beltrravia Disp<'nxary
for Diseases of the Thn)at.
Chest, and Ear. 74a Lupus
Street.

Home for Consumptive
Females. 57 and 68 Glou-
cester Place.

Crole Wyndham Memorial

Home.
Out-patients' Department of

North London Hospital

for Consumption, Ilamp-

Btead.
City of London Hospital for

Diseases of the ("hest.

Offlce, 24 Finsbury Circus,

E.C.

Hospital for Consumption i
and Diseased of the Throat, i

Northern Counties Hospital ;
for Diseases of the Ch est . ■

Winter Home for Consump-
tive Girls. Ribbsford
House, Chapel Park Rd.

By jiul'vr Uh r'H l«-trrv. A l.i-Mi^'
.^maritaii Nm i»*!_v iivtiott <li«>« h.ii .•» <l
jKitlinto.

In-iMtiiiit^ — I'r;.' Ill iMM H I, If,
oih*-!" by ('I) »iil>"» tIUth l«tt< r. ('•>
{•n>m«-iit of lit li'.iot !.>.«»•/. u i'..i\.
Oiit-patit-ni"- ■• Nil r-«'»ii«iu-« jm-oi.""
fn'«'; uth«Tj»liy l«Jt< itij wit kly i».i> -
nii-nt .■w'ooiiliim to nn-.iiiH. I.i-ttrii
l.iM t inoiitliH.

Ily HuI»Miil»cr".«» h'ltrr. A Sam. in. m
fund UMists patli-nt.t on ilis*. liaiK*'-

liy hut*orllM'r'!« li-ttiT. a\.iilnMi' for s
w«'<-ltH. l*ati<iitN liviiiu' wliliiii •mo"
mill', but t<K» a<i\aii«'c<l lo attriiil, all-
vihitcd at honu', and Mi]i]iluii \utli
nii'dicinrH.

.*»'<<• Lo«.K liu8riTAi>.

Information not ohtainalili

iiy ap])Iioatiiin at tli<> lionu*, oral *.'<»
Norfolk .S<|uarc, W. ns. a wk., iiml
£1, Ix. cntnuuN' fn*. or 7^. (,</.
vrithout entraiKc fed, if ]iatl<iit
is waiting a(liiii>«.sioM to hoMpltnl.
Stimulants and extra niuht niir.sliu:
adiiitional. Giuiranti'r for iiayiui'iit
requlivd.

Sec Convalescent—'* London."

Sec above.

By subscrlbor'H letter, available for (I
weeks. Infants and young elilidren,
as u nile, Ineligible. Kxaiiiination
day, Satunlay, 2 ii.ni. Country
jiatlents must send medlenl e<'rli-
lieato of malady, and proltalile
amount of benellt derivable.

By approval of niedleal oHIeer, and
liaymentby In-patlenls, H)«. a week ;
Out, according to means.

Information not obtainable.

For fennilo cases over 13 years. Ail-
vaneed cases, llts, and infectious
cases Ineligible. Medical certitleato
required. 10«. a week, i>ayablo in
advance. A limited number half-
price. Home open November to
May.

30

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

Town and county.

Torquay, Devon.

Ventnor, F. of W.

»?

Name of institution and
exact address.

Western Hospital.

Erith House.

Royal National Hospital for
Consumption. Underclitf.

St Catherine's Home.

TeiTns of admission.

For those of 15 years and upwards.
From subscribing counties, by sub-
scriber's letter, free; from other
counties without letter, 10«. a week.
Letter available 1st October to 1st
June. Hospital closed remainder of
year.

See Convalescent.

By letter available for 10 weeks, and
10.<s. a week with guarantee fee of
£1 returned on leaving. Only
incipient cases admitted.

For advanced cases. By application
at the Home, or to Mrs. Willan,
Ventnor Vicarage, with medical
certificate of exact stage of disease.
10s. Qd. a wk., monthly in advance.

Part I. ] CONVALESCENT. 3 1

CONVALESCENT.

Many, probably the majority, of the Institutions named in
the following list are intended for the reception of persons
who have been cured of complaints of a non-infectious charac-
ter, but who require change of air by residence in tlie country
or at the sea-side, and not medical treatment. In a few in-
stances the management provide for the reception and treat-
ment of special cases, and these are duly noted. In nearly
every instance a certificate is required from the last medical
attendant or some other medical man. It is advisable
that the doctor should certify precisely as to the actual
^tate of the patient's health, the nature of the disease, and in
those cases where certain maladies are excluded, that the
patient is free from them, and that he or she is likely to
benefit by the change. The requirement of a certificate from
a clergyman will be met by one from a minister of any of the
leading Christian denominations. Certificates of respect-
ability should if possible be obtained from some one of
social standing, for instance from a magistrate or clergyman,
or failing these, from a householder.

A glance at the list of Institutions which follows this
notice will convince the reader of the impossibility of briefly
summarising the various classes for whom provision is made
in the numerous Institutions there set forth in detail. It
may, however, be useful to point out that, as a rule, cases
requiring active medical treatment, that is, patients who
are not convalescent in the ordinary meaning of that term,
but who require nursing, medical attendance, and a special
dietary, and persons with open sores, or labouring under any
form of disease requiring active treatment, are usually in-
admissible. This was formerly more often the case than now ;
but since the issue of the Report of a Special Committee of
the Charity Organisation Society on Convalescent Homes,
more attention has been given to the need for providing

34

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

Ascot (Bracknell),
Berks.

Barnes, Lanes

Bath, Combe Down,

Somerset.
Beckenham, Kent. C.

W.C.

Beeehwood, near

Lyndhnrst, Hants.
Berkeley, Glonc

Berkhampstead,
Herts. W. C.

Berwick Stat., Sussex.

Bexhill. M.W

Birmingham. War. C.

M. W . C.

Name of histitutlon and
exact address.

?»

M.

Solihull.

Blackley, Lanes

BlaekweU, Warwick...
Bognor, Sussex

i»

Bonchurch, I. of W.
W. C.

Bournemouth, Hants.
M. W. C.

♦»

Terms of admission. See "p&ge 81 for
explanation of letters in hradcets.

London and Ascot Con-
valescent HospitaL

See Cheadle.

CottagQ Convalescent Home.

St Agatha's Home. Crescent
Road.

Lodgings for Convalescents.
Keston.

Beeehwood Cottage.
Berkeley Cottage Hospital.

Parochial Nurse and Nursing
Home Association.

See Polegate.

Metropolitan Conval. Inst.
Convalescent Home for

Children. Arrowfleld Top,

Alvechurch.

Birmingham and Midland
Counties Sanatorium.
BlackwelL

Cottaga Convalescent Home.
Qninton.

Convalescent Home.

See Manchester.
See Birmingham.
For Cripples.

Merchant Taylors. Fltzleet
House.

Convalescent Home.

Herbert Convalescent Home.

Convalescent Branch of the
H(m>ital for Hip Disease
in Childhood.

Many from East London free.
Children under 12, 58. ; over 12, and
women, 8«. a week, or £3. ds. for 2
months. From hospitals, 7$ . a week.
Chest and incurable cases taken.

7«., or with nomination, 5«. a wk. (m).

Any one admitted. 8«. 6d. a week.
Ages — girls, 5 to 16 years ; boys, 4
to 12 years (a) (d) (/) (g), but the
blind, deformed, and crippled, and
unhealed wounds are admitted.

Reference required from Secretary to
one of the Charity Organisation
Local Committees. 2$. 6d. to 7s. Sd
a week. Patients must be able to
make their own bed. (a).

78. ed. a week, (a) (d) (/) (0 (*).

A local Institution. Convalescents
received during the summer. For
terms apply to Lady Fitzhardinge.

78. or 88. a week. Recommendation
and doctor's certificate required.
Apply to Lady Superintendent.

Free by letter, (a) (t") («).

For patients of Birmingham and Mid-
land Free Hospital. If there is room
others are admitted at 2«. a week,
which is remitted in cases of need.

No children under 10 years. By sub-
scriber's ticket, or special ticket
(available 14 days), £1. U. Arrange-
ments exist with proprietor of
Droitwlch Saline Baths, which see,
under HrDROPATHic.

Exclusively for employes of Messrs
Chance Brothers. Provident. Id.
a week by all employed, (m) (o).

Apply to the Lady Superintendent.
28. a week. (a).

See Deformities.

Free on selection by Committee of
Governors. Apply to the Clerk, 30
Threadneedle Street, E-.C. (a)(d)(/0.

By election and nomination of Medical
OflBcers of Royal Hants County
Hospital, Winchester. Payment,
from 48. a week, which may be
remitted In very poor cases.

By letter and 1«. a wk., or on payment
of I2s. 6d. a wk. without letter. Age
over 10. Washing extra. Closed for
1 month in the autumn, (a) (e).

Only for patients firom the Alexandra
Hosp., Bloomsbury. By order of the
surgeons of the hospital. 45. a wk.

Past I.]

CONVALESCENT.

35

TovBasd oonntj.

Name of Iniitltutlon and
exact addrcM.

Terms of admluion. See pa^e 81 for
explanation of let tern in brackets.

Bc uiu euKHith, Hants. ' HomoBopatblc (Hahnc-

manns) Convalescent
Homo. West Cliff.
^ L. St Mary's Convalescent

Home. Dean Park.

»♦

: National Sanatorium for
Consumption and Dittoasea
of the Chest
W. : St Joseph's Home.

Boflcorobe l The Prorldent Infirmary.
; Shelley Road.

Braeknell

Brentwood, Essex.

Bridlington Qnay,
Toriu.

Brighton, Sussex. C.
C.

L.

W.

5m Ascot
Convalescent Home.

St Anne's Orphanage and
Convalescent Hospital.

Royal Alexandra Hospital.

lu Dyke Road.
Home for Invalid Children.

70 Montpellier Road.

St Bernard's Home for In-
valid Ladies.

St John's Conval. Home. 12
and 18 College Road.

Ladies* Convalescent Home.

West Brighton, 5 Norton

Road.
Loud, and Brighton Female

Conval. Home. Crescent

House, Marine Parade.

By letter and 7« 6<f. a week.
3 months In the year. (a).

Closed

For gentlewomen only, e^iMicially tho»«
in rarlif staKcs of chest disease.
Certificates requinnl (1) of ho<'ui1
positicni, (2) miMiirnl, (:)) limited
]>eeunlary nifiins, (4) to Knarauteo
exiM>iiHes. X'l . 1«. n wr«>k for privato
be«lrfM>ni ; 17«. (»</., if two ladies share
the HHUiu HMMn.

See CoNsuMrrioH.

For Roman Catholics. By recommend-
ation of some respectable person.
In winter for consumptives only.
12«. a wk., (m) admitted in summci*.

By subscriber's letter, and It. 6d. h
week for residents in the vicinitj'.
Provident members pay ^d. to 2d. a
week during health, and are free to
benefit 1 month after enrolment, or
immediately with entrance fee of 10s.
After 1 year they may be in-patients
with a small fee, and after 2 years
free. Patients from a distance pay
10«. entrance fee, and from 10*. a
week upwards.

In connection with Samaritan Hospital
for Women and Children. Admission
may be procured through the Sa-
maritan Fund. Apply at the Hosp.

Adult with 1 subscriber's letter, 6*. Zd. ;
with 2 letters, nil; without letter,
20». Child under 12 with letter, nil ;
without letter, b$. A limited number
of orphans free. Stay, 1 month, (a)
(&) (/) ig) (m).

By letter and 7<. a week.

4 free. The rest on pajrment. Over 14
10». ; under 14, 8*. Apply to Matron!
Age — boys, 4 to 10; gh*ls, to 14
and over, (a) (d) (/).

15*. to 25*. a week. 1 room at £2. 2*
By (a) and 2 references as to posi-
tion and suitability.

By subscriber's letter, and 8<. a week
without letter, 8*. 6d. Girls over 14
10*. A few girls over 12 are received
free, and trainedf or domestic service.

16». to 20«. a week. Bedroom fires
extra. Apply to Lady Superintend-
ent (a) (6) (<0 (A).

By subscriber's letter, and for children
from 1 to 6, 6«. a week; adults 8«.,
with private bedroom, 12». (id.
Some necessitous widows and or-
phans free, {a) (d).

36

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Tovn and county.

BriKliton, Kemp Town.
W.

Name of institation and
exact address.

»» t»

C.

* „ Rottingdean

Brighton New, Cbes.
L. W. C.

Bristol, Clone

Broadstalra, Kent.
W.C.

»«

C.

Bnrttead, Esmz. C.

Boxton, Derby. L.

Cheadle, Cbeah.

Cheltenham, Glouc.

W.C.
Chesterton, Cambs....

Chlilehnrst, Kent.
W. L. C.

Clewer, Berkt.

IfOnd. and Brighton Invalid
Home. 15 Chesham Rd.

Biiffhton Conval. Home for
ChUdren. 7 College PI.

Convaleacent Home. The
Downlands.

Conval Instit. fur Women
and Children.

Shirebampton Conv. Home.
Sycamore House.

Children's Conval. Home.

6 Wrotham Crescent.
Children's Conval. Cottage

Home.

Convalescent Home, Hart-
ington House.

Barnes' Convalescent Hospi-
tal. (A branch of Man-
chester Boyal Infirmary.)

Convalescent Home. Bath

Road.
Cottage Home for Children.

St Jo0eph*s Convalescent
Home.

St Andrew's Convalescent
Hospital

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of letters In brackets.

By introduction from clergynum, with
medical certificate, 6s. a week in ad-
vance, or with private bedroom,
11«. 6d. Washing and medicine
extra, (a) (c).

By introduction from clergyman. 8«.
a week, (c) (d).

By application to Matron. 10<. a week,
not including clothes. Medical and
surgical cases received. Special
nurae for ophthalmia, scrofula, and
hip cases.

With letter, 6«. Gd. Ladles, 15*. a wk.
for 4 weeks; without letter, ladies
21 «. London cases, 10«. 6d. (a) (c)
or (a), and subscriber (d) (/) (i).

Free, at disci-etion of medical officers of
the local hospitals and dispensaries.

By any respectable introduction. 10«.
a week, washing extra. Apply to
Mrs Cooper, Langley Lodge, St
Peter's, Isle of Thanet. (d) (o).

Free by letter for 3 weeks. Apply
to Miss Thomas, (a).

Free. No letter required. Tlie inmates
are hospital cases, chiefly sent by
Samaritan Fimd, London Hosp. (a).

By application to Lady Superintendent.
125. 6d. to 16*. 6d. a week, from 1
April to 81 Oct. Remainder of year
10s. 6d. to V2$. Sd. Bedroom fires in
illness, 6d. a night. No stimulants
allowed, except on medical certifi-
cate, (a) or (6) (/) iff) (0.

Nine-tenths of patients are passed on
A*om the Infirmaiy. Almost wholly
free. 12«. a wk. for beds unoccupied ;
16s. for beds occupied is paid by the
Cotton District Conval t-scent Fund
for patients sent by its hospitals. A
few patients pay 10<. (a) (d).

Apply to Mrs Aston, 2 Lansdown Cres.,
Chelt'h'm. 8«.awk. Washing ex. (a).

5s. a week for permanent, 5s. or 6s.
for temporary cases. Guarantee for
payment required. Apply to Mrs
Venn, Petersfield House, Cam-
bridge. Age, 4 to 14.

6s. Bd. a week. Age, over 10. Apply
to Mrs Denraan, 17 Eton Terrace,
S.W. (a)(6).

With subscriber's or donor's letter, nil ;
otherwise, adnlto, 10s. td. a week;
children under 14, Is. ; under 7, 5s.
Other hospital patients and Charity
Organisation Society cases, adults,
9<.; children, 14 to 16, Is. ; under 14,
bs. Servants expected to pay more
if able. Boys from 8 to 15 ineligible,
(a) (ft), but (m) and a few chronic
cases are admitted.

Pa»t I.]

CONVALESCENT.

37

Town and county.

Name of institution and
exact addrcM.

Clewer, Rerka^ ' Private Conralescent Home. ,

Coatham, Torka. The Gonvaleacent Homo. I

Cookridffe, Torka. ... = See Leeds. j

Gnqrdon, tarrejr. C. Croydon Conral. Ilomc. |

n ,f C. ConTaleaccntHome. Solsdon '

Road. j

Gvmberland See SlUoth.

DawUah, Der See Teignmouth. '

Derbj, Dart^ Convalescent Home. Micklc-

over.

I>OTer, Kent ■ London and Dover Con vales-

• cent Home.

Eaiibonrne, Snasez...

n

Sppbif, Eases

All Salnta Convalescent Hos-'
pital.

Home of Rest for Christian
Workers, Bnrlinffton PI., <
Eastbourne.

Epping Convalescent Cottag(>.
The Plain.

Fay Oate^SosB. W. C. ! Cottage Home.

i

FMlutOfre, Snffolk... j

Flnchley,Middx. W.C.

The Snffolk Conval. Home
and Sea Bathing luflnnary.

Convalescent Home. East I
End. !

fletehing, Suss j See Ucklleld.

Flitwleky Beds. ; See Ampthill. :

Folkestone, Kent ; St Andrew's Convalescent i

Home. Quildhall Street. \

W.C.

Netley Cottage, Claremont
Road.

Hambrook, nr. Bristol.
Qloucester.

Hampton Court W...

The Village Hospital.

Hope Cottage Convalescent
Home.

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

Information not obtainable.

By subscriber's letter. Free. (6).

Patients nro sent from North-Eastem
Hospital fur Children.

By subscriber's letter. 2s. a week, In-
cluding washing, (a).

Inmates usually sent from Nurses* In-
stitution, Derby. Strangers some-
times received at 7t. 6d. a week.

With letter, bs. a week for 8 weeks.
Without letter, 9s. for men, Is. Bd.
for women and children, payable In
advance. Private bedrooms, lOs. M.
Apply to Mrs Rusher, (a) (6).

With subscriber's letter, ft^e. Without
letter, 10<. a week. Private bed-
room. 14s. or 2!is. Private bed and
sittlng-n)om, 18j. Medical certifi-
cate required.

Apply to Miss Mason, 7 and 8 Cambridge
Qarclens, Kilbum Park, N.W. 7s. to
21s. a week. Some free.

By sut)scribcr's letter, 7s. a week.
Preference f^iven to patients from
Bedford Institute Missions, (a).

By application to the Matron. 31s., or
Children under 14. lUs. for 8 weeks.
Washing extra, {d).

With letter, 5s. a week; without letter.
15< , or Vis. Cd. after October l8t. It*
recommended by Charity Orfzaniza-
tion Society. Open May to Decem-
ber. Age over 7. (a) (6).

By recommendation fix)m National
Hospital for Paralysed and Epileptic,
Queen Square, W.C. One half of
the patients free, the rest 6i. a week.

With subscriber's letter, 2s. 6<f. a week
for 8 weeks ; without letter, 10«. Bd.
In certain cases free. Apply to the
Sister in charge, (a).

By application to Dr Saunders, 47
'Endell Street, W.C. 8s. a week in
advance. Children under 12, 5».
Some free. Pntients must provide
change of linen and slippers, and pay
fur washinf?. Medical certificate
required. Ago over 4.

Minimum, 10«. a week. Apply to the
Secy, or Medl. Director. If there Is
room a letter is disx)ensed with.

By application to Lady Bourchier,
Hampton Court Palace. 6a. a week
if paid by inmate. Otherwise 7s. 6d.
Medical certificate required. Oc-
casionally children taken, (a.)

38

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt 1.

Town and county.

Hampton Court, W...
Hanwell, Middx., W.C.

Hastings, Suss., W...

Name of institution and
exact address.

t« !-*•••

Hattttld

Hayvrards Heath, Suss.
C.L.

W.C.

Lindfield.

Headington, Oxon.

Heme Bay, Kent C.

Hertford. L

Hertingfordbury..

Highgate...

Holyhead. W. C.

Hunstanton...,

Hurst.

llkley, Torks.

Princess Frederica's ConvaL
Home for Women after
Childbirth.

Han well Convalescent Home
for Roman Catholics.

St Mary's Conval. Home.
79 and 80 High Street.

Hastings and St Leonards
Home for Invalid Gentle-
women. Catherine House,
Church Road.

See also under St Leonard's

in this Section.
Broad Oak Cottage Hospital

St Christopher's Conval.
Home for Children of
Gentlemen of limited in-
come.

Terms of admisaimi. See page 31 for
explanation of letters inbradcets.

Black Hill Lodge.

Wingfield Conval. Home.

Mrs.England's Convalescent
Home.

Countess Cowper's Home of
Rest. Herttagfordbury.

See Hertford.

See London.

Stanley Sailor's Hospital.

Hunstanton Conval. Home.

See Twyford.

The Semon Conval. Home.

The nkley Hospital.

By letter or payment of 7s. 6d. a week.
Those with letters have priority.

By application to the Matron, with
medical certificate. 8s. a week.
Private room, 12<. and upwards, (a)
(d) (m).

With subscriber'sletter, free for Sweeks;
without letter, 8<., 10s., or ISs. *
week in advance, according to floor.
One room at I5t. All cases must be
fairly able to help themsehrea. (a)

(6) (c) id) if) ii) (0 (n) («) (0-
By application to Lady Snpesintendent,
with certificates— <1) medical, (2) as
to respectability from 2 persons, (3)
of guarantee. 21«. a week, or 17s. 6d.
if 2 ladies share a room.

General convalescents are admitted
when there is room, at not more tiian
lOs. a week.

With subscriber's letter, 5s, a week;
without letter, \2s. in advance.
Ladies occasionally admitted at 16s.
Cases requiring expensive treatment
21s. Apply to the Lady Supt., with
medical certificate and reference
from clergyman, (a) id).

68. a week for children, 7s over 15.
Boys must be over 7. Washing and
medicine extra. Apply to Miss Grey,
(d) (/) and acute illness.

Free to patients from RadcUffe Inflr.,
Oxford. Others on application to
the committee, 7s. a week. (d).

By application to Mrs. England, with
medical certificate, lis. a week.
Cases of consumption and hip disease
are admitted. Age— girls, 4 to 16;
boys, '1 to 10.

Apply for form to Countess Oowper,
Panshanger. 10s. a week. Fire in
bedroom, 4d. a day. (a) (6).

By application to the Secretary. Not
exceeding 10s. 6d. a wk. The hos-
pital is.intended primarily for cases of
severe'disease or accident. Age over
5. (d), but (m) are taken.

With letter, 6s. a wk. for 8 wks ; with-
out letter, 26s. (a) (6).

12s. a wk. in advance. Apply to Mat-
ron. Age over 10. (a) (6) (d) (/)
(g) ih) (0 (OT) ip) is) (tt advanced)

(0).

By subscriber's letter. Free for 3
weeks.

Part I.]

CONVALESCENT.

39

Tofwn and county.
Inglitestone, Essex. C.

I

Kemp Town

Keailworth, Warwk.«

Kingston Hill, Surrey.

C.
Leeds, Yorka

„ CookridgeM.

„ Meanwood

„ Rawdon. M.W.

limpsfleld, near

Catnbam, Surrey.
W.C.

Lindfleld.... m

Litttehampton. W. C.

»'

L.

Livwpool, Woolton...

Uaadrlndodwells.
Llandudno

»f M

M.

»» w

L W. G.

LONDON—
Brompton Square,
S.W. W. G.

Name of InsUtutJon and
exact address.

Mrs Rossiter's Country Home
for Poor London Children.
Horsefrith Park.

See Brighton.

The Homo for Convalescents.

Metropolitan Convalescent
Institution.

York Road Fever Convales-
cent Home.

Cookridge ConvaL HospitaL

Convalescent Home.

Woodlands Convalescent

Home.
Lfanspfldd Conval. Home.

See Hayward'8 Heath.

St Mary's Cottage Hospital.

St James' Convalescent
Home.

Convalescent Institution.

Cottage Hospital.
Llandudno Cottage Hospital.

Seaside Home of Rest for
Young Men. Sherwood
House.

Hifi^gate, N., C. ...

The Sanatorium.
Street.

Clonmel

St Mary's Home. No. 27.

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of IctterH In bracketft.

Cromwell House.

On recommendation of clergyman,
surgeon, or subscriber. Children
under 7, except with sisters, and
boys, except wlien there are no gir^s
in the Home, are ineligible. Only
travelling expenses and Is. per child
to be paid.

by letter. 6$. Bd. a week. Private

room, 2U. ((/) (/) (g) (m) (p).
By subscriber's letter, with medical
' certificate. Free, (a) {e) {i).
By application to the Hon. Sec.

12«. a week.
By letter and medical certificate. Free

'for first 3 weeks; 2nd 3 weeks 8«. a

week, (d) (t) (/) (n).
By letter and medical certificate and

payment of the sum of It. (a).
By letter, free; or without letter, 21«.

for 3 weeks, (d) (tn).
By letter, free for 2 weeks; without

letter, 7t. a wk. Boys under 6 taken.

ia) (d) (/) (q).

By letters from clergy and medical
certificate. 7«. Bd. or lOs.M.& wk.,
or by subscription, 21«., ticket for a
month, (m) admitted.

By letters from clergy and certificate.
lfl>. 6d. to 26*. a week. " The air of
Littlehampton is particularly suit-
able for consumptives." (a) (c),
but (m) are received.

By letter, free for 1 or 8 weeks; or by
form, 20«. for 2 ¥reeks. London
cases at special rate, (a) (d) (/) (A)

(*).
Information not obtainable.
A local charity. By letter, free for 4

wks, ; without letter, 15*. a wk. {d)

(P).

Visitors are requested to take a letter
of introduction from the Secy, of the
Manchester or other Young Men's
Christian Assoc Terms, 2l5. a wk.,
except during July, Aug., and Sept.,
25«. Higher by the day.

By subscriber's letter and medical certi-
ficate, and 6«. a week. A depai-t-
ment for lady boarders at 25<. a
week, (a) (d) (/) (h) (i).

By subscri1)er's letter, available for I
month. Industrial girls between 10
and 15 are received and trained for
service. Entrance fee, £3, and £13
a year. If nominated by a sub-
scriber of 5 guineas, £6 10s. a year,
(a).

See Childbbst.

40

HINTS IN StCKNESP.

[Part T.

Town and county.

LONDON—
Hlgbgate, N., C

Name of Institution and
exact address.

•»

»»

Klllrani,N.,L.W.C.

»• »»

H M

w.

c.

St Peter's Park, W.,
L.

Shooter's Hill, S.E.
C.

Stoke Newlngton,N.
Loughboroogh, Lelc

Lowestoft, SafT.

Lymington, Hants.
W. C.

Lyndhorst, Hants

Mablethorpe, Lines.

Maidenhead, Berks.
W.

Manchester. C. W....

Margate, Kent

Convalescent Homef or Chil-
dren in connection with
AU Saints' (Highgate) Mis-
sion House.

Convalescent Home in con-
nection with Saint Bar-
tholomew's HospitaL

St Peter's Home. Mortimer
Road.

Honse of Rest for Christian
Workers. 7 and 8 Cam-
bridge Gardens, Kilbnm
Park, N.W.

Convalescent Home for Poor
Children. 27KUbnmPk.
Road.

Convalescent Home. 28
OaUngton Road.

♦*Crole Wyndham" Memo-
rial Home. Shrewsbnry
Lane.

Invalid Asylum. High St.

Convalescent Home. Wood-
house Eaves.

Convalescent Home. Fair-
Held House.

Hants Convalescent Home.

See Beechwood.

The Lincolnshire Sea-side
Convales. Home. Mable-
thorpe, Alford.

Convalescent Home. Sunny-
side, St Luke's Road.

Well House Convalescent
Home. Crab Lane, Black-
ley.

Royal Sea Bathing Inflr
mary.

Churchfleld.ot.

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

By letter. Free for 3 weeks, {d ).

At discretion of Medical Officers of
the Hospital. Free.

Apply to the Mother Superior, with
med. certif. and guarantee for re-
moval or funeral exps. Ladies'
separate rooms, 2\$. a wk., or 8<. in
ward with divided compartment. In-
curables,convalescents, and children,
b», to 8<. in advance. Those well
enough do 2 hours' needlework a day
for the Home.

Same as at Eastbourne.

By subscriber's letter, free for 8 wks^
or without letter, 7«.6d. a wk. Home
closed Nov. to ApL (a) (d) (/) {h) (*).

Apply to Miss Wallach with doctor's
ceitlficate. Boaid, 10<. awk. Lodg-
ing 6<., 7<., or 9«., with use of sitting
room, (a) (d).

Apply to the Supt. f>i. a week. Age
—boys, 4 to 10 ; girls, 4 to 14. Med.
certificate required. Consumptives,
epileptic, and hip convalescents
taken, (a) {d).

By subscriber's letter and 20«., avail-
able for 4 wks. (a) (6)(rf)(/)(A)(*)(/).

By letter, and 4«. a week for 2 weelcs.
Local cases have preference, (a)
id) (/) (m).

By letter, and fix. a wk. for 4 wks. A
few at 20«., without letter. Age over
7. (a) (6) (c) id) (/) {g) (Jc) (m) (»)
(«) (0 (f).

By letter. 7<. 6d. a week. («)(</)(/)

By subscriber's letter,
(o) {d) (/) (I).

fii. a week.

By recommendation of clergy or ladies.
4«. 6d. a week for 3 weeks, then 6«.
id) (/) (k) (m).

Free. No letter. As yet the patients
have all been drafted from the wards
of the Clinical Hospital, Cheetham.

For scrofulous patients who are strictly
necessitous. By subscriber's letter,
and payment for 8 weeks' board. £2
up to 14; £2. 8«. over 14.

For In and out patients of the Victoria
Hospital. With a letter, 10«. ; with-
out, 80*., for the month.

Part I.]

CONVALESCENT.

41

Town tad county.

Name of institution and
exact addreM.

I Term* of admiasion. See page 81 for
ex])Ianatlon of letters In brackets.

Margnta C.

C.

G.L..

»«

w.a

11

j«

Slennwood

Mcltham, Torki.

Cripples* Convales. Home.

10 Sea-Vivw Terrace.
Conrakfs. Home of Orphan

Working School HaroM

Road.
St Margaret's Home. 34

H!awle]r Square.
ConTales. Home for Roman

Catholic Cliildren. Lawn

House, Grosvenor Place.
Gonvales. Home for Roman

Catholic Children. SLaus-

Mine Terrace.
Select Sanatorium. Clifton

Mansion, CliftonTille.
PrlTate Conval. Home. 10

Dalbjr Square, Cliftontillc.
See Leeds.
Convalea. Home. Meltham

MUls.

MlddooTor

Mltchttn, Surrey. C.

5m Derby.
ConTi^eaeent
Elma.

Motaioy, Eitt, tiirriy,
W.

Hon too Hampttead,

Deroa.
MoTtluMi DoTon.

Mewcatile - on - T^e,
Northumberland.

I

I St J(dm's Home.

Newton, Deron ,

Norwood, Lower,
Snrrey.

Norwood, Sonth,
Surrey.

Ozlinch, near Stone-
house, Gloucester.

PenmaenmawT, North

Wales.
Pelersfield, Hant- .

W.C.

Stte DEFORXiTiRn.

By election of subarribers or presenta*
tion. Ap]>ly for forms at the OfBce,
73 Cheiipskle, E.C.

Apply to Lady Supt. ISn. awk. Singlo
bedrooms, 20«. (a) (</) (/) {h) (*).

Poor children. 8j.; a better class, 12«.6(f.
a week. Women by special arrange^
ment with the Supcri(»n.'as.

Information not obtainable.

For Invalids after Illness, not infectioui.

Apply to Mrs Cottrcll.
2 to 8 guineas a week.

Free,
and
(r).

Home. The

I Conraleacent Hospital.

Baptist Ministers* Sea-nide

Home.
Prudhoe Memorial Conrales.

Home. Whitley.

See Teignmouth.

Convalefi. Home. Nightin-
gale Cottage, Gipsy Road.
S.E.

Jewish Conralcscent Home.
Portland Ruad, S.E.

Cottage Hospital and Con-
valescent Home.

Cambrian Sanatorium.
Sheet Cottage Homo.

By recommendn. of Committee
householder, (a) (</) (A) CP)

Apply to Miss Herring. 22 York Street,
Portman Sq.. W. Age— girls, 3 to 17 ;
iKiys, 3 to 10. Boys and girls imder
4, fix. a week; other girls, At. (a)
00 (/) ih) (*).

Apply to lliHs Fits Roy, St George's
Bnnk. Coals and 6x. a wk. given
to each patient who boards herself.

(») {by
2f. Gd. a week. G». for servants whose

situations arc kept for them.
Sec, Rev. W. R. Thomas. Redland,

Bristol. Particulars not furnished.
By letter, or recommendation from

Physician or .Surgeon of Newcastle

Infirmary , or payment of 14^. a wk.

Age, 9 tu 6A, except with special pcr-

mis-xion. Medical and surgical cases

received. (/) (i) («) (r).

Apply to the Home, with certificates
from doctor and from person ruHpon-
siblc for the ctise. A«. a wk. This is
a temperHncc establishment. Age
over 1(». (^0 (/) (A) (*).

On subscribcr'H letter, or lOt. a week.
Medical and surgical cases admitted.

.\pply to Mrs Denman, with med. certi-
ficate. lOi. a week, adults; chil-
dren under 7, Ht. ; 7 to 12, 7». (a)
im).

Information nrt obtainable.

Apply to Miss Bonham-Carter, Adhurst
St Mary, PetorKflehi. 4*. a week for
one month, inclusive. In necessitous
cases the railway fartJ.ls paid. Ago
r> to n.'i. Bovs over 12 not admitted.
(tl) (/i) (1).

42

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and counter.

Pljrmpton, Deron.
W.G.

Name of institution and
exact address.

St Elizabeth's House of Rest.
Ridgeway.

Polegate, Sussex i Winton House. Berwick

Station.

Porthcawl, S. Wales.
M.

Portishead, Som. W.

Prudhoe

Ramsgate, Kent.
L. W.

W.C.

r>

»»

Reading, Berks. W. C.

»»

Redhill, Surrey. C...

Redruth, Cornwall ...

Rhyl, N. Wales

„ W

M n C

"The Rest" Convalescent
Home.

Aledical Mission Conval.
Home. The Hill.

See Newcastle-on-Tyne.
St Luke's Invalid Home.
Flnsbury House.

Convalescent Cottage Home.
4 Bellevue Road.

Convalescents from Infec-
tious Complaints. 20 Ar-
tiUeiy HiU.

Invalid Home. 81 West
Cliff Road.

Seamen's Infirmary. West

Cliff Road.
The Conval. Home. Box

Grove, Tylehurst.

Mildmay Cottage, Whitley.
(For Christian Workers.)

St Catherine's Home.

West Cornwall Miners' Hos-
pital

ConvaL Institution for Men
of the Working Classes.

Morfa Hall Women's Con-
valescent Home.

Sea-side Hospital for Sick
and Convales. Children.

Terms of admission. See x>age 81 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

With subscriber's letter, 3<. a wk. for
3 wks.; without letter, 12*. Climate
good for consumptives, (m) are
admitted.

Apply to Mrs Crowie, with certificates
from doctor and clergyman. Adults,
105. a week ; children from 7 s. Age
7 to 50. (a) (c) (d) (e).

With 3 subscribers' letters, free for 3
wks.; with 2, 3«. &d. a wk.; with 1,
7«.; without letter, 10«. Sd. (m).

By application to Mrs A. F. Woodward,
22 Apsl^ Road, Clifton. 7«. a wk.
in advance, (a) (d) (/) (m) (p).

Apply to Miss Hoskin, with certificates
of health and respectability. I2s. 6d.
or 15s. a wk. Ladies, Is. extra for
washing. If with subscriber's letter
the charge is reduced, (a) (6) (d) (/).

Apply to Miss Cotton, 24 Albion Place.
With subscriber's letter, 6s. or 5s. 6d.
a wk. for 8 wks., from Oct. to June;
without letter, 7s. or 7s. 6d. (a)
(d) (/) ih) (*) (0.

AiTangements can be made through
the Charity Organisation Society for
the reception of such cases by Mrs
Byng. Children, about 7s. 6d a wk.

In connection with the Society for
the Rescue of Young Women and
Children. 85 Queen St., Cheapside,
E.C. Apply to the Secretaiy.

By subscilber's order and 7s. a week,
(a) id) (/) (h) (k).

Apply to Mrs Wilder, Parley Hall, or
Mrs H. B. Wilder, Sulham Rectory,
Reading. 7s. a wk. Age for boys,
under 12. (a) (d) (p).

Apply to Mrs Martin Sutton, Cintra
Lodge. Visitors board themselves,
no other expense, (d) or. fever.

By recommendation from clergy or
disti-ict visitors. 2s. 6d. a week,
reduced In deserving cases. Age, 2
to 11. id) if) (h) (*) and sphial
cases.

By recommendation from surgeon and
2 subscribers. 10s. a wk. Con-
valescents, 12s. 6d. Accidents
treated.

By subscriber's letter, and 6s. a week,
or without letter, 7s. (&).

With letter, 5s. 6d. a wk. for 4 wks.;
without, 10s. 6d. Age, over 14.
(a) (d) (h) (0 iv).

Poor children, with letter, 5s. a week
for 4 wks.; without, 8s., in advance.
Children of professional men, witli
separate accommodation, I2s. and
upwards. Boys must be under 12.

Pari L]

CONVALESCENT.

43

Town tnd county.

RottliMcdeaii

Bngelej^Staib. W.C.

Rydejitto of Wight...

If

Hailewood.

St Leonard's, Smwex.
W.C.
G.

n

ti

11 L.

Name of Institatlon and
exact address.

Sf€ Brighton.

Home for ConTalcsccuts,
Church Street.

Milligan Conral. Home in
connection with Itoyal IhIc
(4 Wight Inflrraary.

Ilaxlewood Institution.

All Sahits* Conval. Home.
4 Markwick Terrace.

Winter Home for CunsuniiH
tive Girls. Uibbsford
House, Chapel Park Koad.

Convalescent Home for Poor

ChiMren. Bo-Peep.
Albert House, 11 Cross St.

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of letters in Imckcts.

i»

„ C. , St Leonard's Conval. Home
■ forChUdren. 48 Western
Kood.

«•

i»

Saltbum by-the-Sea,
Torks. M. W.

General Cunvales. Home,
Silcheater Koad.

See also under Hasthigs in

this section.
Private Convalescent Home.

Sandhurst, Berks. G. j St Faith's Cottage Home.

Scarborough, Torks.

Sode, Norfolk. L. ...

Seaford, near New-
haven, Sussex.
SUlothjCumb

Solihull

Southampton, Hants.

W.C.
*Southend, Essex. C.

I Royal Northern SeapBathing
I Infirmary.

' Yorkshire Conval. Home for
Ladies.
Sunnyside Convales. Home.

I

Southport, Lanes.

»»

>i

Searside Conval. HospitaL

Cumberland and Westmore-
land, Conval. Institution.

, ^^ Birmingham.
St John's Home, Rownhams.

I

Milton Hall. (A Roman Ca-
I tholic establishment.)
I Convales. Hospl. and Sea-
Bathing Inflnnarj-.
Manchester and Saiford Dis-
trict Provident Socletj-'s
Convalescent Home. 6
Lord Street, West.

; With letter. 6s. to 7«. Cxi a week for 4
wks. Memlieni of girls* friendly
I sfcleties, and of clulis and disi)en-
! saries, ft#. (a) (tl) (/) (A).
j Ity payment, on a foun«ler's letter,
' of 6«. a week; on others, 7s. or 10*.

By letter, and ll«. M. to Q8s. 3d. a wk.
'invalids stay 1 month in summer,
and 2 in winter, (a).

With letter. Bs.Cd. a wk. for 4 wks.;
without, 10*. (d) (/) (i) (*).

lOf. a wk. in -advance. A limiteti
number half price. Age, over 18.
Open Nov. to May. (a) (6) (oO {f)
; (0 (m).

I By letter free, or by payment of 80«. a
I month in advance.

St. to 9«. a wk. Applicants must be
ladies belonging to the Church of
England.

By letter, available for 4 wks., or pay-
ment of 30«. a month. Age— boys
4 to 9: girls, 4 to 16. (a) (d) (/) (/)
im) (w).

WMth letter, 8s. a wk. for I month;
without, 10s. 6d. A bed can be
had for 1 year for £81. 10<. (a)
id).

j Free. Apply with doctor's recommen-
dation to Mrs H. Pease, Pierremont,
DarUngton. (a) (d) (/) (A) (1).

! W^ith letter, 3*. a wk. for 4 wks.;

! without, 6s. Age, 6 to 24. (a) (/)

. a).

'• Bv ticket and 5s. a wk. (a) (d) (/)

; a).

15*. a wk. (6) id) (/) (/») (*).

i 12*. 6d. a wk. Apply to Mrs Brand-
retli, Dickleburg liectory.

! By ticket and d«. a wk. Age, over 10.

i id) if) (h) ik).

; By letter (»f sulwcribcr or of minister
making a collection for the Institu-
tion, 3*. Gd. a wk. Age, over 14.
(«) id) if) (0 (*).

Apply to the Lady Superintendent. 7*.

awk. (a) (rf) (/) (t) (*).
For Incurable Children. See Inoue-

ABLEfl.

£1. Ids. for 3 weeks. Age, 12 to 60.

(d) (») (0 all admitted.
By order from the Agent, J. Smith,

6 Queen St., Manchester. £2. 2s.

for 3 wks. id) (/) (A) (*).

44

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

Name of Institution and
exact address.

Southport, Lanes. L. i Home for Gentlewomen.

M

♦»

♦ ♦

c.

Soathsea, Hants. L.
W.C.

>»

M.B.

Stratford - on - Avon,

Warwick.
Stroud, Glouc. W. G.

„ Amberley. W.
G.

Sudbury, Mlddx. W.
C.

Sunninghill, near
Staines, Berks. G.

Teignmbuth, Devon..

Tenby, S. Wales

Thanet, Isle of, Kent.
W. G.

Torquay. L.

r

W. L.

Governesses* Convalescent
Home 38 Alexandra Rd.

North of England Children's
Sanatorium. Hawkshead
Street, South.

South Coast Medical, Surgi-
cal, and Convalescent
Home for Women.

St John's Convalescent
Home.

Nursing Home and Chil-
dren's Hospital.

The Home. Tower Hill
House.

Gloucestershire Convales-
cent Home.

Convalescent Home. Wil-
low Villa.

Girls' Friendly Central '
Home of Rest.

Convalest. Home for Teign-
mouth, Dawlish, and
Newton.

Cottage Hospital.

St Peter's Convalescent

Home.
See also Ramsgate, Margate,

and Broadstairs In this

Section.
Erith House.

St Raphael's Convaleseent
i Home. Upper Lincombe

Road.
! Western Hospital.

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

By introduction from a person to
whom applicant is known. 8<. to
\b$. a wk. according to income, (a)
{d) (/) (A) (it).

With letter, 12< a wk. (a) (c) or sub-
scriber, {d) (/) (A> (*).

With letter. C<. a wk. Non-Gover-
nors may parchase recommenda-
tions at 6«. a wk. Stay,8wk8. Age —
boys, 2 to 12; 0rls, 3 to 16. {d)
(/) and cases likely to terminate
fatally.

By certificate from the Hon. Sec. or
Matron. Class I., 21<. a wk., H., 12<.
Zd. Age, over 6. (a) (c) {d) (y).

Free. Apply to the Manager. Age
over 8.

By letter. Children, free ; women, 7i.
a wk. (a) {d) (g) (p).

By application to MrOpie Rodway, or
the Matron. Free, (a) (d) (/) (*)

(*).

By application to Miss Molyneux,
Sussex Gardens, Hyde Park, W., or
(preferably) to Mrs Blackwell,
Highlands. Minchinhampton. Only
charge Is. a wk. for washing, but
patients of the neighbourhood, if
admitted between Apl. 1 and Nov.
80, must pay 2«. 6d. a wk. besides
washing, (a) (d) (g).

With letter, free for 8 wks.; without
letter, women, 7s. 6d., or if she pays
for herself, fix. a wk. Children
under 12, 5s. ,or if their parents pay,
Bs. (a)(6)(d).

For members of the Girls' Friendly
Socy. By associate's recommenda-
tion and 7s. a wk. Non-members
are admitted occasionally at 8s. {d)
(/) (h) (*).

By letter and 8«. 6d. a wk. (</) (/) (//)
(*).

Convalescents are admitted when the
beds are not all occupied. 9s. to
I0i.awk. (d) if) iff) {p).

7s. a week.

By letter. 21«. or 22<. a wk. ; 17s. 6c/.

if 2 ladies share 1 apaitment ;

15«. if 2 members of 1 family

apply. Closed July, Aug., and

Sept (d)(/)(g).
By letter. 10«. a week, (a) (d) (g

iP) (0 (•).

See CoKsmiPTioN.

PABTil.]

CX)NVALESCENT.

45

Tvwn gad county.

Toniiuij, Babbar
eombt. W.

Name of instltaHon and
exact addrMs.

Ilouae of Rett for Women
in fioakieaa.

Tan bridge WeUa, Conraleacent
Kent C. ChUdran.

Weatgate-on-Sea, ' St Michaera Home.
Kent.

Weatmoreland Sm Sllloth.

Weaton • Super-Mare, Weatof England Sanatorium.

Someraet*

WmiooUi, Doraet, Sanatorium for Diaeaaea pe-

W. C. cnliar to Women and Chil-
dren.

Whitby, Yorka. W.C. Sea-aide Home. MagdalaPl.

Whitley, Berica iSee Reading.

ITthumb^... . 5m Newca«tle-on-Tyne.

Wimbledon, Surrey...
Witley

Woodford, Eaaez.

See Kfaigaton Hill.

Convalescent Branch of
Bethlehem Hoapital.

Mra Gladatone'a Free Con-
raleacent Home for the
Poor and Blind.

Home for

Twyford, Berka. C. Conraleacent Home. Hurst.

^rtohnrat ! 5m Reading.

UckflekLSuaa. L.W.(i. | St Marjr'a Home. Fletching.
VootDor,l8le of Wight • 5m under CoKauMPxioK.
Wadhurat, Suaaez. L. , Sussex Ladica' Convalescent

< Home. Hygeia Lodge.

Waltham Abbey. Convalea. Home. Copped

Eaaex. W. Hall Green.

Walton, near Clove- Convalescent Home of the

don. Som. '- Sisters of Charity.

Walton- on -Thamea. ' Metropolitan Convalescent

M. W. I Institution.

Terma of admiasinn. See page 81 for
explanation of letters in bracketa.

Witli ticket, fm. a wk. ; without, XU.
(6), employer or clergyman. Lon-
don casea on remitting aingle fare
to Rev. John Hewett will be pro-
vided with return ticket.

With letter (in London caaoa, from
Ix>ndon aubscribcr), V2$. for the 4
wks.; without letter, 11$. M. Chil-
dren over age. Six. M. Age — ^boys, *i
to 6: girls, 'i to IS. (a) (of) and omp-
tivo feviT, (/) (g) (/) (m) and vacina-
tion required.

With letter, free for 4 wks.; without,
&«. a wk. Age, 1 to 9. (a) (d) (/;.

10«. a wk. ladies, othera free.

Apply to Miss Marion Watson Smyth.
9i. or l&f. a wk. If the stay is pro-
longed beyond 4 wks., 1$. a week
extra. (6) (m).

Bv letter, 16«. for 8 wks.; without
'letter, 2U. (a) (6) (rf) (/) {g) (A) (*).

With letter, 5«.; without, 14<. a week.

(«) ('/) (/) ig) (w).

Free. Uy subscriber's letter, to be
sent with medical certificate to the
Secy., 82 Sackville St., Piccadilly,
W. (a)(d)(0.

With letter, fi-ce for 8 wks. ; without,
10«. a wk. Putients must be certi-
fied as suitable by Dr Dawson Nes-
bitt, 34 Cambridge Place, Hyde
Park, W., who examines at 11 a.m.
on Thursdays, (a) In country
cases, ((/) (/) (0 (m) (r).

With letter, 6«. a week for 2 weeks ;
without, 18*. (a) (d) (/) (»).

By letter, and payment of 1$. a week
for 4 weeks, or »10«. a week for 6
weeks, (a) (</)(/) (0 (*).

With letter, ftee. Adults 4 wks. ; chil-
dren, 6 wks. Without letter, 7<. Zd.
a wk. 3d. a wk. for washing. Suit-
able in wiuter for debility and aome
forma of acroftila.

I 8ee LuiTATica.

Free, except washing. Certificate re-
quired from clergyman or aecretary
of any branch of the Chailty Organ-
ization Society. Preference given
to East End caaea. Apply for form
(avaUable for 3 weeks in first in-
stance) to Secretary, Board Room,
London Hoapital, Whitechapel Rd.,
E. (d) (/)(*).

46

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

IPaet I.

Town and comity.

Woodford, Essex. W.

Woodhoose Eaves....

Woolton

Worthing, Suss. L..

Name of institution and
exact address.

Mrs Johnstone's ConvaL
Rooms for Nurses and
Bible Women, <fcc.

See Loughborough.

See Liverpool.

Conval. Home. Rutherford
Lodge, Eriswell Road.

Thos. Banting's Memorial
Conval. Home for Gentle-
women. Parade Lodge,
Marine Parade.

Terms of admission. See page 81 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

Free, except washing. Recommenda-
tions required from secretaries, (d
(/) i.h) {k).

IC5. to 25<. a week. Stay unlimited.

id) (/) {h) (*).
Free. By selection. Stay, 8 to 6 wks.

Apply to the Secretary, (a) (6)

id) (A).

COTTAGE HOSPITALS. See SICKNESS IN HOSPITAL.

Paht I.] DEAF AND DUMB. 47

DEAF AND DUMB.

{For OnraUe Deafiieis, $ee nnder BAB.)

It may be useful to state that Guardians of the Poor
throughout the country have certain permissive powers, by
which, subject to the sanction of the Local Government Board
in each case, they are able to send poor deaf and dumb
children, with the consent of the parents, or of the child if
over fourteen years of age, to schools fitted for their reception,
whether certified by the Local Government Board or not,
providing the total pa3rment does not exceed seven shillings
per week. The guardians may also provide and pay for the
maintenance and instruction of any adult pauper who is deaf
and dumb, by obtaining admission for him to any Hospital or
Institution established for the reception of such persons. It
will be seen by a reference to the following list of Institutions,
that the School Board for London provides education for deaf
and dumb children. There are four centres at present, the
fees being at the rate of twopence a week. The Board under-
takes to establish new centres, providing it is satisfied that the
number of deaf and dumb children is sufiicient, that qualified
teachers can be found, and that there is no other suitable
school accommodation. Homes for the reception of deaf and
dumb children in connection with the Board Schools have
been opened, to which the children are sent from Monday to
Friday, in cases where their parents reside long distances
from the centres, and at these homes children who have no
proper residence are permanently retained.

On examining the list of Institutions it will be noticed that
they provide accommodation for tlie old, for children and
adults, and that pensions are also granted under certain con-
ditions. Thus the Society for Promoting the Social and
Eeligious Welfare of the Adult Deaf and Dumb of Liverpool
gives relief at the rate of from two to three shillings per

50

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

LONDON, N.
Pentonyille. C.

W.

Ealing.

Edgware Road, C...
Fitrroy Sq., No. 11.
C.

Kensington, C.

Nottingham Place,

No. 1.
*Notting HilL

Oxford St., No. 419

S.E.

Bermondsey

Grange Rd., No. 171

New Kent Road

*01d Kent Road

E.

Bethnal Green

*Lower Clapton

Victoria Park Sq.,
No. 6. C.

E.O.

Cannon St., No. 7...

Name of institution and
exact address.

Terms of admission. See page 48 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

Strand.

W.O.

Ladies' Christian Homes for
Deaf and Dumb Cliildren.
80 Pentonyille Road.

Winchester Street.

Socy. for Training Teachers
of the Deaf and Diffusion
of the Gennan System in
the Unit. Kingdom. Elm-
hurst, Castle Bar Hill Col.

Bell Street

Association for the Oral In-
struction of the Deaf and
Dumb. Training College
and School.

Private School for Upper
Class Children who are
Deaf. 89 Holland Koad.

Soc. for Training Teachers
of the Deaf.

Jews' Deaf and Dumb Home.
Walmer Road.

Royal Association in aid of
the Deaf and Dumb. St.
Saviour's Church and
Lecture Rooms.

Famcombe Street
Ladies' Christian Homes.
Victory Place.
See Margate below.

Turin Street.

British Asylum for Deaf and
Dumb Females.

Ladies' Christian Homes.

Cordwainers' Company's
Pensions for the Deal and
Dumb.

Charitable and Provident
Society for the Aged and
Infirm Deaf and Dumb.
Craven Hotel, Craven St.

By payment of 2s a wk. and upwards,
according to circumstances. (For
maintenance of children near schools
where special instruction is given on
the oral system.) Age, over 4;
of leaving, 13 or 14.

London School Board classes.

Apply to the Secretary, 298 Regent
St., "W. Payment for tuition — first
class, £30 ; second, gratis. Board and
lodging, £50 per annum each class.

London School Board classes.

Pupils' school fees are regulated by
the Committee according to the
circumstances of the case and the
parents' means.

By application to Miss Hull. Ago,
6 to 20.

Information not obtainable.

Apply to committee, who without
election admit applicant if there
is room. Age, over 7. In some
instances a small amount is contri-
buted by parents or parish.

Assistance is given in obtaining em-
ployment, as well as relief in
necessitous cases; and the early
training of children is encouraged.
Apply personally at the Office be-
tween 10 a.m. and 6 p.m.

London School Board classes.

See Pentonville, N.

London School Board classes.

London School Board classes.

By election, free for 8 years ; age, 12
to 30. By payment, £22 a year and
clothing; any age over 12.

See Pentonville, N.

Applicants must live within 100 miles
of London. Age — men over 40,
women over 25. Apply to the
Secretary at the Hall.

Pensions for poor persons over 60
selected by the committee. Apply
to the Secretary for a form. In the
Provident Department an annual
contribution of £1. Is. for 20 years
qualifies for a pension of £5, which
may be increased.

PamL]

DEAF AND DUMB.

51

Town and ooontjr. I

I

HanchMter, Lanes....

C.

'>

OldTrafEbrd.

Name of instltntion and
exact addrets.

BlMnchcstcr and Salford
Adnlt Deaf and Dumb
Benevolent Institution.
70 Quay St., D^ms^te.

Manchester Schools for the
Deaf and Dumb.

Margate, Kent, C.

Asylum for the Support and
Education of Indigent
Deaf and Dumb Children.

*Newea8tle-<m - Tjme,
NortbxnnlMriand.

Northern Counties Institu-
tion for the Deaf and
Dumb. Moor Edge.

Stockport, Chea. ; Instit for the Blind, Deaf

; and Dumb. St Peter's Gate.

Glam. ' Cambrian Institution for the

Deaf and Dumb. Heath-
fleld.

Tadeaatar, Torks. C.

I 8t John's Institution for the
Deaf and Dumb. Bos-
! ton Spa. (For Roman
i CathoUcs.)

Turuis of ndmission. St'e paffc 48 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

Free. Rolieres approved applicants,
and finds situations. Temporary
shelter is given to destitute and
homeless cases.

By election or nomination by Branch
Association, and payment from
£2. V2». to £15 per annum, accovrt-
ing to circumstances, quarterly in
advance. Some are admitted by
payment alone, and parlour boarders
are received. Age, 6 to 12. Stay 6
years, (c) (d) (<•) (g) (*) (o), and
medical certificate.

By election of subscribers, or presen-
tation, or by payment of £25 per
annum. Apply to Secretary, 93
Cannon St., London, E.C., for form.
Age. 7 to 10. (6) (c) (g) (*) (/).

By letter, and payment of £10 per
annum, quarterly in advance. Some
less. Those who can pay more are
expected to do so. Age, 7* to 12.
iff) (*) (m) (y).

See Blind.

By election of the committee, or by
payment according to clrcum-
st^mces. Preference given to Wfelsh
cases. English mutes on special
recommendation, and 78. weekly.
Parlour boarders, £25 per annum
and upwards. Stay, 5 years,
(a) (c) (d) ie) ig) (n).

Apply to the Superioress for a form.
£20 per an., some less. £8 for out-
fit. Age, over 7. Stay, 6 yean.
(f) (g) (i) (0 (m).

DEAFNESS, TEMPORARY. Se^ EAR.

52

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

DEFORMITIES OF BODY.

INCLUDiNQ CKIPPLES, ATn> DISEASES of the FOOT and of

THE SPINE.

Under this head cripples, club-foot, and spinal complaintg
are included. It may be said at once that there is a sad
deficiency in this department, and that charitable persons
who desire to benefit their fellow-countrymen cannot do
better than promote the establishment of Institutions for
the relief and reception of this class of suffering. Wales
has no Institution which affords relief to cripples, and with
the exception of Birmingham and London the country is
practically unprovided with Institutions for the reception
of special and orthopaedic cases and cripples. It is hoped
that the attention here drawn to the subject may be of some
assistance in this respect, and that before many years are
over adequate provision will be made for the relief of infirmi-
ties of the classes above enumerated, which entail much and
continued suffering, and to the sufferers from which universal
sympathy should be extended.

Town and county.

Beckenham, Kent....,
Birmlngbam, Warw.

Bognor, Suisex

LONDON—
EdgwareRd.,W....

Hackney Rd.,E....

Name of Instltntion and
exact address.

St Agatha*! Convalescent

Home.
OrthopsBdic and Spinal Hos.

Newhall Street.

Seaside Branch of Ciipples*
Home.

Moore St. Home. 9 and 10
Moore St. Entrance, 17
Queen St. For Boys.

Home of Rest for Sick and
Crippled Ghlldn. St Savi-
our's Priory, 18 Oreat
Cambrldfire Street.

Tenni of admisalon.

Takes Cripples. See CoirrALSSGEirT.

Alargenumber free without letter. Some
free by letter, or by letter and pay-
ment, or by payment alone. In-
patients, 10«. Bd. a week ; out,8«. Scf.,
for ticket lasting 6 weeks.

See below, Marylebone.

Apply to the Matron, or to the Hon.
Secretary, 81 Bryanston Square, W.
A few cases free. General payment,
£13 a year, or 6«. a week. Age, 8 to
18. Boys must be able to get about on
crutches and dress themselves. Cases
with open sores ineligible.

Apply to the Mother. Particulars not
foniished

Pawt I.]

DEFORMITIES OF BODY.

53

Town and coontj.

LONDON—
Holboni,£.C

Name of institation and
exact addrcM.

Terms of admlMion.

- I —

HoUowft7,K.

Kwiilngton, W.

Ozfora8t,No.897,

PortiMidSI»Oreal»
No.SU,w.

PiitBejHeAtIi,8.W.
BegenVaParkfN.W.

Royal Orthopedic Hospital.

National Hospital for the
Deformed.

Royal Hospital for Inenr-

ablee. West Hill.
Cripples* Nursery. 16 Park

Place, Clarence Gate.

•i City OrthopMdie Hospital.
Hatton Garden.

Kingsdown Orphanage. 9
Manor Road and Tremlett j
Grove. !

National Indnsirial Home for
Cripi led Boys and Refuge.
Wright's Lane.

Mar]rlelKniaBd.,No. | Cripples' Home and Indus-
17a. trial School (for Girls).

West Smlthlield,

£.a

Kaiyato, Kent

St Bartholomew's Hospital.

10 Sea View Terrace. Sea-side
Brunch of Cripples' Nursery.
Regent's Park.

For club foot, contractions, or distor-
tions of the limbs, cunratures of the
spine, Ac Free, no letter required.
Out-patients, Tues. A Fri. from 2 pjn.

No special lut<>rcBt needed. Orphans
of iMtth parents or with widowed
mothers t04i ill t^ work alone eligible.
Spinal complaints, paralysis, nippies,
and consuuiptivett taken. No limit
of ago.

£10 per ann. for 2 years, third year
free. Boys from Cripples' Nursery,
Regent's Park, have precedence.
Age. 12 to 18. Must have use of
hands, and be neither blind nor deaf
and dumb. Any necessary instru-
ments must be supplied.

£80 required, payable £10 a year, but
the wliole must be paid whether the
girls stay 8 years or not. Free on nom-
ination of donor of £80. Age over 12.
Any necessary instruments must be
supplied. Cripples must have free
uae of tlieir eyes and hands. Con-
valescent Home, Bognor.

By letter. Attendance daily at 1 p.m.

Out-patients free, Hon., Tues., Thurs..
Frid^ 2 p.m. In-patients in order of
application on payment under 14, 7«.
6d. a week, over 14, 10s. 6d. Appli-
cants may have to wait weeks or
even months.

8e4 Ikcvsables. '

£12 a year, quarterly In advance, with
£1 for clothing. Apply to Mrs Kirk.
Age 8 to 8, not retained after 12.
Cases of infectious disease, epilepsy,
and idiocy inadmissible ; also, unless
exceptional, incurable spinal cases
and paralytics of lower half of the
body. Convalescent Home at Mai-
gate. {See below.)

Special beds. Fiee without letter.

See above. Regent's Park.

54

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

DENTAL.

Town and county.

LONDON—
Great Portland St.,
No. 149.

Leicester Square ...

Name of institution and
exact address.

National Dental Hospital.
Dental Hospital of London.

Terms of admission.

Free to the necessitous poor and
urgent cases, others by subscriber's
letter.

Free to the poor, together with any
operative assistance that may be
immediately necessary. For special
operation, a letter must be obtained.

DIFSOMANIA. See INEBRIATES.

DISPENSARIES. See SICKNESS AT HOME.

DRUNKENNESS. See INEBRIATES.

Past I] EAK AND THEOAT. 55

EAR AND THROAT, DISEASES OF.

The number of Institutions, or Hospitals as they are gene-
rally called, for the treatment of diseases of the ear and
throaty has very largely increased during the last ten years.
It has been found impossible to group all Hospitals which
relieve this class of disease under the above heading, because
most of the London General Hospitals have special depart-
ments, and, in addition, several of the Consumption Hospitals
treat also diseases of the throat. It will be seen, on reference
to the various Institutions included in the subjoined list, that
the plan adopted is usually to invite the patient to pay some-
thing for his treatment, the amount being regulated by the
means of the patient.

Full particulars will be found below.

The following Institations devote themselves, or have depaHmentfl speciaUy dcTOtcd, to the
trefttment of dlaeeeea of the ¥at. In London nioNt of the General Hospitals (for list see
SiCKVue ur Hospital) have departments for Ear Disease, at which attendance on out-patlenti
is glTen on certain stated days, as publidy notified at the Hospital gates.

Town and count>'. ^"°txa<i"lddSllS° """^ i Terms of admission.

Baih, Som Ear and Eye Infirmary. ' Information not obtainable.

Birkenhead, Chen. ... Eye and Ear Ho-^pital and i In- and out-cases of extreme poverty

Dispensary. 196 Conway ; ftvo at medical officer's discretion,
Street. otiiers by application at the Institu-

I t!on,and (in-patients) payment of 7«.,

or if in separate ward, 21«. a week;

I (out) by payment of Gd. a month, or

I free by govenior's letter.

Blnnhigbim, Warw. Birmingham and Midland ' Free by letter, or by payment, or by

Coimties Ear and Throat
Infirmar}'. Ncwliall St.

Bradford, Yorkfl. ' Bradford Eye and Ear IIo»pi

taL

letter and payment. Payments — In-
patients, 1U<.6</. a week; ont,3<. 6(/.
for ticliet lasting 3 weeks. A few
cases are free without letter.
By letter. Free to the poorest.
Otliers : Out, I». fii-st visit, 6d. after-
wards ; In, cost of board.
Brighton, Sussex Brijrhton Hove and Sussex By governor's letter, free; by sub-
Throat and Ear Di>p>-n- sciibiT's letter, fi«. a montli. Only
sary. 23 Queen's itoad. out-imtients.

Clifton, Glono. .- Clifton I>iHiM'n!«ar>' for the Open to all without letter. Entrance

Cure of DeafnesM. (i Berke- i fee, 1*. Medicines at rednced rates,
lev Place,

56

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

Hull, Yorki.

lireipoolf Lanes..

LONDON—

City Road, No. 266,
E.C.

Gray*! Inn Road,
W.C.

Pimlico, S.W

Soho, W.C

Tottenham Court
Road, W.C.

Whitechapel, E

Manchester, Lanes....

Newcastle- on - Tyne ,
Northumberland.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Hull Eye and Ear Dispen-
sary. 58 Savile Street.

Eye and Ear Department of
the Leeds General Infir-
mary.

LlTeiijXWlEye and Ear Infir-
mary. Myrtle Street.

St Paul's Eye and Ear Hospi-
tal. 6 St Paul's Square. ^

Terms of admission.

Municipal Throat and Ear
Infirmary.

C^tral London Throat and
Ear Hospital.

South Belgravia Dispensary
for Diseases of the Throat,
Chest, and Ear. 74a Lupus
Street.

Royal Ear Hospital. Frith
Street

Metropolitan Ear and Throat
Infirmary. ISHowlandSt.

z'

London Hospital.

Ear Institution. 25 Byrom

Street.
Hospital for Diseases of the

Throat and Ear. 1 Clayton

Street, E.

Information not obtainable^
Free.

By letter, except in case of urgency
or accident. In-patients from Liver-
pool and neighbourhood free. Others
pay 85. 6d. a week for board. Out-
patients pay \d. weekly for each
medidne supplied.

Free to the very poor both in and out.
Otherwise, in-patients, 2«. to 2l5. a
week; out, %d. first visit, \d. each
subsequent visit. Something is also
asked for medicine. No letter re-
quired.

Out-patients only. Free by letter or
on small weekly or monthly sub-
scription according to patient's own
statement Attendance, Monday,
Wednesday, and Friday, 10 to 12
a.m; Tuesday and Thursday, 6 to
8 p.m.

In-patients pay according to means.
Maximum, 14<. a week. One-third
free. 8 free letters are sent annu-
ally to e:t>&ry minister in the metro-
polis, and to others in the provinces
on application. Out-patients free
on Mon., Wed., Thur., Sat, 2 p.m.;
Tues. ib Fri., 6 p. m. ; but those who
are able are expected to pay some-
thing.

Information not obtainable.

Out-patients only. Free to necessitous
poor and to those recommended
by subscribers or Charity Organiza-
tion Society. Others 1«., or for a
monthly ticket, 6». Tues. <b Fri.,
9.80 to 12 noon. Sat, 8.30 to 5
p.m.

Free to the poor at medical officer's
discretion, or by letter available for

6 wks to 2 months, attendance and
medicine. Otherwise by payment
according to patient's means. Mon.,
Wed., Thm-., Sat, 2 to 4 p.m.; Wed.,

7 to 9 p.m. also.

Special department. No letter re-
quired.
Free by letter. No in-patients.

No letter required. Those patients
who can, ace expected to make a
small return according to their
means.

PabtL]

EA.R AND THROAT.

57

Town and county.

Niuue of iQHthuUou and
exact address.

BedkndfOUmc General Dispensary for

Women and Children, and
Diseases of tbe Eye and
Ear.

Shtflald, Torka. Slietfli'ld and South Tork-

shire Ear and Throat Uus-
pltal. Chi'iicy Ritw.

SlirtwilMiiy, Salop ... I Eye. Ear, aud Throat IIospl-

I tal for Shropshire aud
, Wales.

Tcruis of admission.

The yerj poor, 2s. 6d. a month; others,
6s.

Free, without letter.

By governor's letter. In-patients are
taken for 3 months. Out-patients If
unable to pniride suitable lodging
aru sometimes admitted as in-
patients at the discretion of the
surgeon. Only those arc eliglblo who
are onablu to pay for advice and
medicine.

EPILEPST. See PAKAL78IS.

i

58

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pakt I.

EYE, DISEASES OF.

iSee Note to Eab, Diskases of.

Ophthalmic Hospitals or Institutions for the treatment of
diseases of the eye are very numerous, and they are regarded
by the medical profession as legitimate, because special treat-
ment and care are necessary in such cases. The Eye Hospital
is probably the oldest special Hospital established in this
country ; and this is no doubt largely due to the fact that the
eye is so delicate, that to treat the diseases which affect it
effectually, special skill and practice are necessary. At the
older Institutions it is usual to admit patients on the produc-
tion of a governor's letter, but in the more recent ones it
will be found that a graduated scale of payment regulates
the admission.

Town and county.

Batb, Som.

Birkenhead, Ches. ..
Binningham, Warw.

Bradford, Yorks.
Brighton, Suss...

„ Rottingdean
Bristol, Glouc

Name of institution and
exact address.

Ear and Eye Infirmaiy.
Eye Infirmary. 2 Belvedere.

Eye and Ear Hospital and.
Dispensary.

Birmingham and Midland
Eye Hospital. Temple
Row.

Bradford Eye and Ear Hosp.

Sussex and Brighton In-
firmary for Diseases of the
Eye.

The Downlands.
Dispensary for the Cure of

Complaints of the Eye.

17 Orchard Street.

Terms of admission.

Information not obtainable.

In-patients by letter, and those from
outside the Borough of Bath must
produce a letter signed by a sub-
scriber "resident in or connected
with the applicant's own parish,"
or "by an authorised oflftcer of a
subscribing parish or union." Out-
patients free without letter.

See Eab.

Free by letter. Urgent and accident
cases without letter.

See Ear.

In-patients free by letter from 2
guinea subscriber, but if the
letter be obtained from a life
governor (qualified before 1854), a
payment of 2s. 6d. a week also is re-
quired. Out-patients free by letter
from half-guinea subscriber.

See under Convalescent.

Free without letter, both in- (operation
cases) and out- patients. The former
are selected from the latter, but are
expected to contribute if able. In-
cases not requiring operations are
admitted at 95. Sd. a week.

PamtI.]

DISEASES OF EYE.

59

Town and eonntjr.

Nam« of iiMtltutlon and
exact address.

Terms of admission.

Briatol, Qloac....
GiMiluun, Kent..

Deroaport, DeTOn,^...

Exeter, „
01oiKeater,Qlnuc

Eje Hospital Lower Sland-I
lln Street. I

St Bartholomew's Hospital, !
Special Department.

Rojal Albert Hospital and
Eye Infirmary.

West of England Eye
Infirmary.

Glouceifter General In-
firmary and Gloucester-
shire Eye InKtitution.

HnllfTorlu Eye and Ear Dispensary. 58

Sarile Street.

Leeds, ^ Leeds Geueial Inftnuary,

Special Eye Depart-
ment

LiTerpool, Lanes Liverpool Eye and luir

Infirmary. Myrtle Street.
„ „ '. St Paul's Eye nnd Ear Hos-

pital, ti St I'aul's Square.

LONDON—
Boroogh, S.E Guy's HoKpital.

Charing Cross, W. C. Royal Westminster Ophthal-
mic Hospital. Kin^
William Street.

I

Gray'i Inn Road, I

W.C.
Marylebone Road.

No. 163.

Smithfleld, West,

E.C.
Hoorflelds, E.C

St George^a CircoB,

S.E.
Whlteehapel, E

St Bartholomew's Hospital.

By letter free, or by payment of S*.
a week In advance.

Free by letter. Urgent cases at dis-
cretion of medical officer without
letter. Infectious cases, consump-
tives, and cases of long standing,
ulcered legs, or advanced pregnancy,
inadmissible.

Free by letter, or by payment ac-
cording to circumstances, from 14f.
to 43«. a weeic.

Free by letter.

To the eye department in-patients
are received free by letter, or on
weekly payment, to be fixed by
the Board, but urgent and opera-
tion cases and the very poor arc
taken in free without letter. Out-
patients free without letter.

Information not obtainable.

Central London Ophthalmic

Iloftpital.
Western Ophthalmic Uos-

pltaL

lioyal London
Hospital.

Ophthalmic

Maidstone, Kent.

Royal South London

Ophthalmic HospitaL
London Hospital.

Kent County Ophthalmic
Hospital.

Free.

See Ear.
SmEab.

Special ophthalmic wards. Free with-
out letter.

Free for both in- and out-patients.
No letter requiretl. Country cases
requiring operation must pre-
viou!»ly be notified to the Secretary
by a clergyman or other re-
sponsible person. Attendance for
admissions and out-patients daily,
12 to 1.30.

Free. Out-patients attend daily, 1 to
U p.m.

In-patients free for one month by
l»'tter ftom subscriber or tho diti-
trict Chaiity Organisaticm office ;
otherwise must i)ay for diet weekly
in advance (maximum, lOii. 6d.)
Out-patients free, or if able must pay
6(i. or more at each attendance.
Daily, 1 p.m.

Special beds. Free, without letter.

In-patients by letter or at medical
officer's discretion. Out-patients
free. 8 to 10 a.m. daily.

By letter. 2 p.m. daily.

Special department. No letter re-
quired.

Free, In and Out. Letters obtainable
from the secretarj'.

60

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Tovn'and coimty.

Manchester, Lanes....

^ame of institution and
exact address.

Royal Eye Hospital. 24 St
John's Street, Oeansgate.

Terms of admission.

Newcastle - on - Tyne,
Noithomherland.

Norwich, Norfolk.

Nottingham, Notts..

Northumberland, Durham,
and Newcastle Infirmary
for Diseases of the Eye.

Norfolk and Norwich Eye
Infirmary. Pottergatc
Stareet

Nottingtiam and Midland
Eye Infirmary.

Plymouth, Devon Royal Eye Infirmary.

Redland, Glouc.

Shrewsbury, Salop. ...
Sunderland, Durham.

General Dispensary for
Women and Children, and
Diseases of the Eye and
Ear.

Shropshire Eye, Ear, and
Throat Hospital

Simderland and North Dur-
ham Eye Infirmary.

Taunton, Som Taunton Eye Infinnary.

Weymouth, Dorset....

Wolveiliampton, Staff.
Worcester, Worcester.
York, Torks

Wevmouth and Dorset
County Royal Eye Inflr
mary.

Wolverhampton Eye Infir-
mary. Chapel Ash.

Worcester Ophthalmic Hos-
pital

York Eye Institution.

Letter net indinpensable. Only those
eligible who are unable to pay for
medical advice and attendance.
Out-patients f'-ee. In-patients are
admitted at the discretion of the
medical officer, and pay in«. a wk.
for board and dd. for washing, but
this is reduced or remitted where
it cannot be afiTorded.

Free without letter.

By subscriber's letter, except in
urgent cases. Cases of advanced
pregnancy, children under 6, con-
sumptives, insane, epileptics, and
infectious cases inadmissible.

By letter and 1$. 6d. a day. 4 free
beds for the destitute. Ont-patients
by letter, or payment down of Is.,
and then 2d. a week for medicine.

By subscriber* s letter and 9d. a day.
On letter from non-subscriber. Is.
a day. Admission days are Taes.,
Thurs., and Saturday, bat urgent
and accident cases are admitted at
any time.

Set Eab.

See Eau.

Free In and Out on payment of ed.

The in-patients have to provide their

own food.
Free by letter, though this is not

always required from out-patients.

Urgent cases are taken in fi-om

among the out-patients.
Information not obtainable.

Free by letter.

Free by letter, but this is not always

insisted on.
Free by letter. The in-patients are

selected by the medical officer from

among the out-patients.

FEVER. See INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

1.1

FISTULA : FOREIGNERS.

61

FISTULA,

With Piles and DnxAsn or thb Rxctum.

Town md eoonty.

NanM of Institatloii and
ezMt addreM.

Terma of admlaaion.

UTOpool , Hoapital for Flatula, Ac. '2^ Information not obtainable.

I Danlby Street. |

LONDON— I

Ctty Boad, E.G. ... St Mark's Hospital for No letter required, but thoae with one

Fistula and other Diseases hare precedence,
of the RectuDL

Wbtttdu^, E i l..raidon Hoepltal. Special department for piles and

fistula. By letter, available for 6
weeks or *i months.

FOOT, DISEASES OF. See DEFOBMITIES.

FOREIGNERS.

Town and oonaty.

LONDON—
Fltiro/ Square, W.

Leioetter S<iuarc ...

■■ I

Oxford Street

Name of Institution and
exact address.

French Mission. Bedford
Passage, Charlotte Street.

French Hospital and Dis-
pensary. 10 LelceHtcr PI.
and 4{)x Lisle Street

Society Fran^aise de Bien-
faisance. 10 Poland St.

Daliton i German Hospital.

at. Russell St, «eA
Hatton Garden

! London Hungarian Associa-
tion.
; Italian Benevolent Society.
! 9 Qreville Street.

Sunderland, Durham : Hosp. for Foreign Seamen.

Terms of admission.

Free Dls])ensary, Mon. and Thur., 4 to
7 p.m.

For all foreigners speaking French.
By governor's letter. Urgent cases
fi'ee.

Among other things, assists In money
and kind, French sick, intlrm, and
aged. Apply to the Secretary; In
urgent casee between 10 and 1 2 daily.

For Uermanh, an«l those speaking
German. In-patients admitted daily
except Sunday, 2 to 4 p.m. Urgent
cases any tiour. Infectious caaes
inadmissible.

Gives relief in sickness to Hungarians,
and if the funds allow, Austriaus.

Provides medical aud surgical relief
for poor Italians. Apply at the
office, with medical certificate, Wed
or Sat., 11 to 1.

Information not obtainable.

62

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

GENTLEWOMEN.

For Convalescent Homes specially designed, or containlnf? special accommodation, for
Ladles, see Convalkscbnt, under which head they are marked L.

For Institutions where Ladies may receive active treatment, see under Pat Hospitals.

See also Blind (Worcester, Battenhall), Incurable (Kilbum, N.W.; Fitzroy Square, W. ;
Reading), Pabaltsm (" In Memoriam " Wing, National Hospital, Bloomsbury).

GOXJT. See HYDBOPATHIO ESTABLISHMENTS.

HEART, DISEASES OF.

Town and county.

Liverpool, Lanes.

LONDON—
Soho

Name of institution and
exact address.

Terms of admission.

Hospital for Heart Diseases.
421 Scotland Road.

National Hosp. for Diseases
of the Heart and Paralysis.

Information not obtainable.

By letter, free, or to poor without
letter, if they cannot obtain one.
Stay limited to 2 months, unless
specially recommended.

HIP, DISEASES OF.

Town and county.

Bournemouth, Hants.
Heme Bay, Kent

LONDON

Rottingdean, Sussex..

Sevenoaks, Kent

Shooters' Hill, Kent

Name of institution and
exact address.

Branch of Alexandra Hosp.

Mrs England's Convalescent
Home for Children.

Alexandra Hosp. Blooms-
bury.

Convalescent Home. The
Downlands.

Hospital for Children with
Hip Disease. The Vine.

•* Crole Wyndham" Memorial
Home.

Terms of admission.

See Coktalescknt.
See Contalksoent.

See Children, London, Bloomsbury.

See CoKTALESCENT, Brighton.

See Children, Sevenoaks.

See OoHTALXSCSNT, London.

HOSPITALS, GENERAL. See SICKNESS IN HOSPITAL.

Part I.]

HYDROPATHIC KSTABLISHMENTS.

6;^

HYDROPATHIC ESTABLISHMENTS.

The following list does not include nearly all the Hydro-
pathic Establishments, but only those concerning which
information is available. The more expensive Institutions
are not given, because they partake of the nature of private
hotels, and are conducted with the view of securing an income
to their proprietors. The following list, with the exception
of the Hall, Bushey, contains the names of those Institutions
to which poor people are admitted. The payments vary
from ten to fourteen shillings per week.

Town tad connty.

Name of Institution and
exact addrcu.

Terms of admission.

Anmthfll, B%da • Flltwick Convales. Home.

Bath, Somenet. j Bellott's Mineral Water

UospitaL Bean Street.

It

Ciencral or Mineral Water

HospitaL

I

Buxton, Derby ,

Bushey, near Watford,
Herts.

Devonshire Hospital and
Buxton Bath Ciiurity. For
rheumatism, gout, ^c.

The Hall (J. M-Donald).
(Gout, rheumatism, neu-
ralgia, Ac).

Droitwich, Wore ! Hospital for Poor Patients.

For rheumatic' gout aud
neuralgic affeetions.

Harrogate, Yorks.

Harrogate Bath Hospital.

Homcastle, Lines. ... Woodhall Spa.

Ilkley, Torks. Ilklcy Bath Charity Hospital.

Leamington, Warwk...

Wameford Hospital.

Sef. CoirVALKSCXMT.

Free. Patients have lodging, fire, light,
medical attendance, and medicine,

I an«l '2*. 4k/. a wlc, beyond which they
rauRt provide their own board and
towels. Apply to Mr Payne, solicitor.
Old King St., fur a form in which to
send in medical report.
Free. Apply for form to tlie Registrar.
Medical certificate required, and cer-
tifleate of poverty to be signed by
parish clergyman and two Poor Law
Guardians. £3 must be deposited to
meet expenses in case of death. Stay,
2 monthft.

By letter, and certificate as to inability
to pay. Free tor 8 weeks to both
in- and out-patients, after that in-,
patients must pay 14<. u week.

12s. or 15*. a day, or from 8 to 7\
guineas a wk. Consultation fee, 1
guinea on entrance, i guinea a wk.
afterwards. Visitors' servants from
£2. 2s. a week.

By letter, available for 2 weeks., and
10«. 6d. a wk. for board. By in-
mates of the Birmingham and Mid-
land Counties Sanatorium, Black-
well, six tickets for baths can be
purchased for lo«. ad., which includes
8d class retura journey.

Free by subscriber's letter. Preg-
nancy, insane, and infections cases
ineligible.

10<. a wk. Extreme cases free, by
letter.

Free for 3 weeks by subscriber's letter.
Afterwards by further letter, or 7s. a
week.

By governor's letter. In-patients
IZs. 6d. a week; servanta, 7«. a wk.;
Out-patients, expenses incurred.

64

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Paet I.

IDIOTS AND IMBECILES.

The guardians may provide for any idiot or imbecile being
a pauper, by sending such case to an Institution or Asylum
maintained out of the county rates, or otherwise. The
Metropolitan Asylum Board makes special provision at
Darenth for children and adult paupers who are idiots or
imbeciles. The first step to take in such cases is to com-
municate with the relieving officer, through whom application
must be made in the first instance to the guardians. It will
be seen that the Institutions enumerated below provide
accommodation for those above the pauper class.* Thus,
there is an Institution at Chilcompton, near Bath, for young
ladies whose friends can pay 120 guineas per annum. At
Lancaster various classes are admitted, some by election and
others on "payment, the rates varying from X26. 5s. to X210
inclusive. At these Institutions the poorer cases, i.e., those
paying below £63, must be from the neighbduring counties.
Here, and in the majority of Institutions, confirmed epileptics
are ineligible, and various other cases are also inadmissible.
Application should be made in each instance to the
Secretary, by whom full particulars will be readily furnished.

* Certlfled 1)7 the Local GoTernment Board under the Act 25 and 26 Vict., cap. 4S.

Town and county.

Andover, Hants

Birmingham, Warwk.

Cbllcompton, nr. B^tb,
Som.

Name of institution and
exact address.

I

Wej'hlll. C.V. Helsdon.
Midland Counties Idiot
Asylum. Knowle.

Downside Lodge. Miss
Short's Licensed House.

Terms of admission.

From 2^ guineas a wk.

Cases from counties of Leicester,
Salop, Stafford, Wai-wick, and \\ or-
cester by election and payment of
£10 per ann., or payment alone
of £30 per ann. and £7. 10«. for
clothing; other cases, £60 per ann.
and £15 for clothes. There are
higher rates with special privileges.
Confirmed epileptics ineligible.

For 7 young ladies. 120 guineas
per ann.

Pa&t L]

IDIOTS AND IMBECILES.

65

Tovn and coqnij.

Ookbester, Essex

Xftriiwoodf Sumj:,»»

Baovtaii Wkk, lOdd.
Knoirle, Wark..........

Staraross, Devon.
Toik, Tories.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Eastern Counties Asylum
for Idiots and Imbeciles.
Station Road.

Asylum for Idiots. Office
—86 King William Street
E.C. •

Western Counties Idiot
Asylum, Starcross.

Normansfleld. Dr Down's

Licensed House.
See Birmingham.
Royal Albert Asylum.

iSBes Exeter.
York Emanuel.

Terms of admission.

Cases from Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk,
and Cambridgeshire may be admit-
ted by election. Payment cases
from any locality, £60 per annum
and £10 for clothing. Insane and
confirmed epileptics ineligible.

By election free^or by payment Those
who hare means are admitted
only on payment regulated lA each
case by the Committee, t^uarantee
required for payment half-yearly
in advance, and for removal when
required.

5s, a week and upwards. Those
paying under lOi. must be
under 16 years of age, and belong
to Dorset Somerset, Devon, or
Cornwall. Those payUig over 13«.
have special privileges. Epileptics,
Insane, and deaf mutes ineligible.

See LuvATics, ** Lioxnssd Housss.'* ■

By election for those unable to pay
the lowest charge; others pay from
£26. 5s. to £210 per ann. inclusive.
Those paying below £68 and the
free must be fh>m Lanes., Torks.,
Cheshire, Westmoreland, Cumber-
land, Durham, or Northumberland.
Epileptic, paralytic, insane, incur-
ably hydrocephalic, blind, and
deaf persons ineligible. Apply to
the General Secrettuy.

SeeBuxm.

£

66 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt L

INCUBABLE AND CHRONIC CASEa

There are probably no Institutions which confer greater
blessings upon humanity than those which provide for the
reception and maintenance of incurable cases. Unfortu-
nately under the existing system admission is, as a rule, only
obtainable by election : that is to say, before any case, how-
ever urgent, can be admitted, a very considerable number of
votes must be obtained from the governors who support
these charities, in order to secure the admission of the
candidate to the benefits which the Institution afifords. The
result of this system is that the friends have to incur much
expenditure in postage, in printing, in canvassing, and other
ways, and that almost necessarily in consequence the suffer-
ings of the incurable case are increased. It not infrequently
happens that owing to the very serious delay which is
entailed by thitj system through the undue proportion between
the applicants and the vacancies, patients die before admis-
sion within the Institutions can be procured for them. Such
a state of affairs calls for immediate investigation by the
subscribers to these Institutions, and a better, a wiser, and
more humane system should without delay be adopted.

The provision made in this country for the reception of
chronic cases is remarkably small and inadequate. This
fact has caused the authorities of the General Hospital at
Birmingham to throw out the suggestion that to commemorate
its anniversary festival, it will be desirable in the public in-
terest to found and open a Chronic Hospital in connection
with that Institution. This suggestion merits public atten-
tion and support, and it is to be hoped that before long
Chronic Hospitals will find a useful place in our system of
relief agencies. The changes which are incidental to the
growth and development of nations are acting in this country

Part I.]

INCURABLE AND CHRONIC OASES.

67

in a direction which is calculated to speedily secure the open-
ing of many Chronic Hospitals. The establishment of Cottage
Hospitals in all parts of the country has practically drained
the County Infirmaries of the majority of their acute cases,
and has left their beds available for the treatment of more
chronic ailments. It is therefore not impossible that ulti-
mately the Committees of these latter Institutions will come
to see the desirability and the wisdom of recognising the
facts with which they are at present confronted, and that in
the result the majority of the County Hospitals will be con-
verted into Infirmaries, mainly, if not entirely, for the
reception and relief of chronic cases. A reference to the
following list will show that the Institutions under this head
provide for adults, women, and children, but that, as has
already been said, the whole accommodation amounts to far too
little if the necessary requirements of incurable and chronic
invalids are to be adequately met.

NoTS.— The letters affixed to the names of places in the first coliimn signify that the par-
ticular Institution takes B. boys; Gt. ffirls; C. children; L. ladies; W. women. The Institu-
tions without a defining letter are general.

REQUIREMENTS, DISEASES EXCLUDED, Ac.

a. Medical certificate.

b. Certificate of character.

c. Guarantee for payment.

d. „ „ dothinff.

e. ,. ,, remoTU.
/. Fits.

ff. Cancer.
h. Open sores.

i. Infectious diseases.
k. Consumption.
I. Advanced consumption,
m. Mental cases,
n. Blind.

0. Able to maintain themselyes.
p. Intemperate.

Town and county.

Ascot, Bracknell,

Berks.
Carlisle, Cumbld ,

Cheddar, Som...

Clewer.near Windsor,
Berks.

Name of institution and
exact address.

London and Ascot Conyales-

cent Hospital.
Border Counties Home for

Incurables. Stanwix.

St Michael and all Angels*
Home for Consumptive
Men and Women and for
Incurable Women.

St Andrew*8 Convalescent
HospitaL

Terms of admission.

See under Oonyalescbnt.

By letter from a subscriber and certifi-
cate of respectability from 2 persons
acquainted with the applicant, and
payment of Is. a week.

See under OoNSUXFnoN.

A few chronic cases are admitted for
relief only. /SfeeunderCoHYALxscENT.

68

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pakt I.

Town and county.

Cowley, St John, Oxon.
W.G.

Dltchingham, nr. Bun-
gay, Suffolk.
Leamington, Warwick

Name of institution and
exact address.

LiTCrpool, Lanes. W.

LONDON, N.
Highbury Park. W.

Higfagate. C.

N.W.

Hampstead....

Kilbum. L.W. C...
n B. G.

Harylehone Rd., No.
236. W.G.

North Bank, No. 4....

W.

Fitzroy Sqtiare, No.
28. L.

Hammersmith.

Kensington. W. C.

St John the Evangelist's Na-
tional Hospital for Incur-
ables.

All Hallow's Hospital.

Midland Counties Home and
Hospital for Chronic and
Incurable Diseases.

Home for Incurables. 96
Upper Parliament Street.

Homefor Confirmed Invalids.
South House.

Cromwell House.

North London Hospital for
Consumption and Diseases
of the Chest. Mount Ver-
non.

St Peter's Home and Sister-
hood. Mortimer Road.

St Monica's Home. Quex
Road.

St Marylebone Home for In-
curables. (For better class
young women.)

St Cypri&n's Home for Incur-
ables. (For Teachers and
Servants.)

Home for Invalid Ladies.

Nazareth House. King St.

St Joseph's Hospital for In-
curables. 23 Ball Street.

Terms of admission. See page 67 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

At discretion of management. Apply
to the Sister in chu'ge. Payment
according to circumstances, (a) (c)
(d) (c) (m).

10«. a week. (/).

Paying patients require letters from 3
subscribers of 1 guinea, and pay
not less than 10<. 6^. according to
their means, the amount being
fixed by the management. Free
patients require 3 such letters. 2
guarantees required for payment.
Insane, <kc., epileptics, blind, dumb,
and cancer cases inelifiible.

Is. 6d a wk. Applyr to the committee
on Wed., 2 to 4 p.m. A few cancer
and consumptive cases are taken.
(«) (c) («) (/) im) (i>).

By letter and payment of 10«. 6d. a
wk. in advance. If away on a visit,
half-price after the first week. In-
mates when able are expected to
do light work or needlework for the
Home. (6) (c) (d) (c) (*) (m).

See Childbbn.

A small allowance (2<. 6d. to 6«. a
week) is made to the most deserv-
ing cases discharged incurable.
See CoMsuuPTiON.

See CONVALESCSMT.

See Childbbxt.

At discretion of conuAittee. Apply
to the Hon. Superint., Mrs C. Under-
wood, 13 Hanover Terrace, Regent's
Park, N.W. 8». a wk. (a) (c) («)
(/) (ff) (h) (*) (m) (n).

By application to the Lady Superlnt,
and payment of about 10s. a week.
Age, under 40. (a) (c) («) (g) (i).

£1. 10s. or £1. 1«. a wk. Washing
and stimulants extra. Testimonial
required from clergyman, and 1 other
as to social position, (a).

Free, except an entrance fee for bed-
ding expenses. Age, men over 70,
women over 60. Children over 1,
and must be destitute, incurable,
or deserted.

Women, £20 a year quarterly in ad-
vance or Ids. a wk.; children under
12, £13 a year or 5s, 6d. a week.
Apply to the Sister in charge of the
Hospital, St Mary's Convent, 89
Kensfaigton Square, W. (a) (c) («)
(/) (g) (0 (m).

Paet I]

INCURABLE AND CHRONIC CASES.

69

Town and connty.

LONDON, W.
MaidaVale,No. 83.
C.

Margaret Street
No. 74.

Mortimer St, No.
67. W. C.
S.W.
Chelsea. C

Clapham

Putney

Westminster

W.C.
Bloomsbury

Ormond St, Great,

No. 47. W. G.
Ormond §t, New,
No. 21. W.

LOQl

>^liborongh

, Leic.

Manchester, Lanes....

If

„ •*•

Reading, Berks. W.L.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Sonthend, Essex

Stoke-on-Trent, Staff.

W.G.
Stone, Staff. W.

Home for Incurable Chil-
dren.

All Saints' flome for Lieur-
ables.

St Elizabeth's Home.

Cheyne Hospital for Sick
and Incurable Children.

British Home for Incurables.
880 Clapham Road.

Royal Hospital for Incur-
ables. West Hill, Putney
Heath.

Westminster HospitaL Broad
Sanctuary.

National Hospital for the
Paralysed and Epileptic

Hosp. of St John of Jerusalem
<k St Elizabeth of Hungary.

Home for Incurable and In-
firm Women.

Herrlck's Trust

Hosp. for Skin, Cancer, Scrof-
ula, <k all Chronic Diseases.

Northern Counties Hospital
and Home for Chronic and
Incurable Diseases. Ard-
wick Green and Manldeth
Hall.

Nursing Home for Perma-
nent Inyalids. Brownlow
Road.

Milton HalL

St Margaret's Hospital.
St Dominic's Hospital.

Terms of admission. See page 67 for
explanation of letters in brackets.

By letter, priority of application and
payment of not less than 5s. a wk.
as may be fixed by committee. Age,
infancy to 16. (a (c) (e) (0*

£16 a year quarterly in advance. This
and the Mortimer Street &ome are
worked by the Sisters of All Saints'
Home, 82 Margaret Street.

£16 a year quarterly in advance. {See
the preceding.)

See Children.

By election of subscribers without
payment or by payment of not less
than £70 a year as fixed by tho
Board, (e) (m) (n) (o),

Free by election. Age, over 20. The
incurably deformed are eligible, (a)
(m) (0).

An "■ Incurables' Fund " exists for the
maintenance of incurables.

Pensions of £10 to £22. 10<. By elec-
tion of governors and subscribers in
June. Candidates must have been
reduced from prosperity by paralysis
or epilepsy.

By selection of committee. Free. (6).

By application to the Secretary, and
payment of £26 a year quarterly in
advance, with clothing. A few very
helpless cases pay £28 to £80. Age,
under 80. (b) (0) (/) (m).

Pension of £20 a year for widows and
single women bom or resident A
years in Leicestershire. On recom-
mendation of 2 householders and
clergyman of applicant's parish.
Appointment rests with Mrs. S. P.
Herrick, Bean Manor Park.

See Cav CEJ|.

In-patients (Manldeth Hall), free by
election of subscribers, or on pay-
ment of not less than 21«. a week.
Out-patients (Ardwidc Green), free
without letter.

Apply to the Lady in charge. Patients
expected to pay a small snm monthly
in advance according to means.
Single bedrooms extra, (0 (*»)•

In connection with Nazareth House,
Hammersmith, which see above,
London, W.

For Roman Catholics. £20 per annum.

For Roman Catholics. Apply to the
Rev. Mother Prioress. £22 a year
and upwards. (/)X9)(fn).

70 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part I.

INEBRIATES.

This class of sufferers — for there can be no question that
they suffer, and that they deserve sympathy and succour — ^has
attracted a large amount of public attention during the last
few years. In 1879 the Habitual Drunkards* Act cleared the
way for the establishment of a number of Eetreats into which
such cases could be received. Each Eetreat is provided with
a medical attendant, and the conductors of these establishments
are responsible for their management, and have to reside
upon the premises. The government has provided an In-
spector of Eetreats, who must visit each Institution at least
twice in the year. Unfortunately for the habitual intemper-
ate, the Legislature has not yet made it compulsory that
such persons shall be temporarily placed under treatment in
these establishments. The law is thus far permissive, and
it is consequently largely evaded. It must be evident to
every sane person that an inebriate under immediate need
of a Eetreat is not likely to be in a state of mind calculated
to render him capable of seeking admission without assist-
ance. At present the habitual drunkard has to make applica-
tion for admission to a Eetreat, and to sign a document in
which he undertakes to conform to the regulations, and to
remain under treatment for a certain time. This declaration
has to be supported by a certificate of two persons, who, of
their own knowledge, have to declare that the applicant is an
habitual drunkard, and is capable of understanding the nature
of the application he has made. The signature of the habitual
drunkard has then to be attested by two Justices of the
Peace, who make a joint declaration to the same effect as the
two persons above referred to. Once admitted, obedience to
the rules is enforced under the penalty of a fine of £5, or
seven days* imprisonment. Hampered by such conditions
as these, it is not surprising to find that only ^two Eetreats

PabtL]

INEBRIATES.

71

have at present been licensed, and that practically little hab
been done to carry out the intentions of the promoters of the
Act of 1879. Most of the following Ketreats are unlicensed,
and are intended for the reception of private cases. Full
particulars may be procured on application to the proprietors,
whose names are given below.

There Ib also a Home Hospital for well-to-do Inebriates under the anspices of the
London Association of Norses. For address and tenus apply to the Superintendent,
62 New Bond Street.

Town and county.

Belfont, nr. Feltham,
Middlesex.

Kennington, London.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Spelthome Sanatorium.

Home for Female Inebriates.
St James' House, Ken-
nington Park, S.£.

Terms of admission.

12s. 6d. to 21s. a week in advance, at
committee's discretion . Good laundry
workers less. Apply to Lady Super-
intendent for foiTu, to be returned
with medical certificate to be obtain-
ed from G. W. Mackenzie, Ejsq., 13
William Street, Lowndes Square,
S.W., between 2 and 8 p.m., together
with undertaking from householder
for removal. Not received for less
than a year.

Apply at the Home with clergyman's
recommendation, medical certificate
as to freedom from mental or bodily
disease, and guarantee for payments.
15s. a week monthly in advance.
Less for deserving cases. (Those un-
able to pay, free, if space and funds
allow. 12 months' stay required.

EeTBEATS fob BOTH SeXES. LICENSED UNDER THE ACT OF 1879.

Cannock, Staff

Ricknian8worth,Herts

Westgate-on-Sea,
Kent

Hall Court Retreat. (Mr.

F. J. Gray, L.S.A.)
Dalrymple Home. " The

Cedars."
Tower Hohse. Adrian Sq.

8, 10, or 12 guineas a month. (License
for 8 males and 2 females.)

To be opened in October, 1883. (For
16 male patients.)

Apply to J. H. Brown, Esq. (Licensed
for males and 5 femalea.)

Unlioensed Ketkeats.

Andover, Hants

Buxton, Derby

Folkestone, Kent

Halesowen, Worcester
Sydenham, Surrey.....

Wadhnrst, Sussex.....

Weyhill. (C. V. Helsdon.)

Corbar Hill House.

Millfield House. Cheriton
Gardens. (For Gentle-
men only.)

Townsend House. (Dr. Ker.)

16 Longton Grove. (Dr.
Macrae.)

For gentlemen. From 2 J guineas a wk.
Apply to J. Dixon, Esq.
Apply to D. S. Clarke, Esq.

From 8 guineas a week.
From 2 guineas a week.

Apply to Dr. H. Harland.

72

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I

Medical Practitioneb receiving Inebriates into his House.

Town and county.

Name of inBtitution and
exact address.

Termfi of admission.

Kew, Surrey

Blenheim House. (U.6ram-
shaw.)

3 to 6 guineas a week.

Box, Wilts

Croydon, Surrey.

Inebriate Eetreats for Feicales only.

' Rudloe Ilall.
♦* St Raphael's."

Woodside.

Hexham, Northum- Mrs. Hurman's. Tyno Vale,
berlnnd

Tower House. Avenue Road.
(Mrs. Theobald.)

Leicester, Lcic

Lfrcrpool. Lanes ! Vcrgmont. Stanley.

LONDON—

Havcrstook Hill,

N.W.
Norwood,Upper,S.E.

49 College Road.
7 Camden Hill ViUas.

Apply to Mrs Morgan.

1st class (ladies), according to circnm-
stances; 2d class (tradespeople, Ac.),
2 guineas admission fee, and 1 gidnea
a week; 3d class (working women),
1 guinea on admission, and 8s, a
week. Fees monthlv in advance.

Apply to Dr. Elliott, 85 Lowther
Street, Carlisle.

3 or 4 guineas a Week. 2 or 8 cases at
2i guineas. Private sitting-room, 2
guineas extra. Exclusive of medical
attendance, laundry, and carriage.

Apply to Mrs. Pratt.

Apply to the Lady Superior.
Apply to Mr6. Osbom.

Past I.] INFECfTIOUS HOSPITALS. 73

INFECTIOUS DISEASES,

Inclttdino "Fever," Relapsing Fever, Typhus Fever, Typhoid or
Enteric Fever, Scarlet Fever, Diphtheria, Measles, Small-
pox, Erysipelas, &c.

The following list comprises all the Infectious Hospitals
mentioned in Dr Thome Thome*s recent report to the Local
Government Board on the use and influence of such Hospitals.
In the provinces most of the Hospitals are adjninistered or
subscribed to by sapitary authorities. The Asylums Board
Hospitals in tho' metropolis are primarily pauper establish-
ments, but non-paupers sent to them are admitted. In each
case the patient becomes chargeable to the parish in which
the Hospital is situated, and the guardians of that parish may
proceed to recover from the friends of a patient the cost of his
or her maintenance during residence in the Hospital. The
London Fever Hospital, one of the most deserving and worst
supported of Metropolitan Hospitals, which has conferred an
amount of benefit upon the inhabitants of London that few
are aware of, has recently determined to place the whole gf its
beds at the disposal of those classes of the population who can
afford to pay from three guineas a case to a remunerative rate
for their treatment when attacked by scarlet fever or other
infectious disease. Many members of the medical profession
have themselves been inmates of this Hospital, or have sent
their children and members of their family to it when suflFering
from infectious disease ; and the unanimous verdict is that the
provision made is in all respects excellent, and could scarcely
be improved. It would be greatly to the advantage of the
community if each large town throughout the country weje to
provide adequately for the reception of infectious cases, and
for their removal by ambulances to a separate Institution
where they could be isolated from the rest of the community.
No doubt, in theory, home is regarded as the best place for

74 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part I.

everybody when attacked by illness ; but in practice, the
longer one lives and the more one has experience of life, the
more one feels it to be desirable, especially in cases where the
patient's surroundings are not adequate for the effectual isola-
tion of infectious diseases, that he shall be moved to a well-
found Hospital, -where the chances of his recovery will be
increased and the danger to the community will be entirely
removed.

There is no greater popular fallacy than the feeling that
the Infectious Hospitals provided throughout the country are
wholly for paupers. It is currently supposed that their arrange-
ments are such as to render it impossible for the more decent
members of the community to seek admission within their
waUs, and that if people do so their cases will be neglected
and their lives endangered. It would be a useful and desir-
able departure if the sanitary authorities were everywhere
to take the opportunity from time to time when the Hospitals
devoted to the reception of infectious diseases are empty, to
throw these Institutions open to the public, and to invite all
classes to visit and inspect them, in order that something may
be learned of their arrangements and of the accommodation
which they provide. If this were done, it would do much to
lessen popular prejudice, to diminish the labours at present
thrown upon the medical officer of health, and would
everywhere tend to create a desire in the public mind
to lessen the risk of infection by using the means of isolation
provided. The list of Infectious Hospitals given below does
not pretend to be complete, but it contains all available
infoimation on the subject, and it will no doubt be found in
practice very useful The need is at the present time every-
where felt of Institutions for the reception of persons who are
convalescing from infectious disease. An Institution for the
reception of scarlet fever convalescents has long been under
public discussion, but for various reasons it has, unfortunately.

PaetL]

INFECTIOUS HOSPITALS.

75

not jet been opened for the reception of cases. No doubt the
difficulties to be overcome are serious, but for that reason it is
desirable that every one who is interested in the provision
of adequate means for the reception of such cases should
combine with the view of securing the immediate provision
of such Institutions. Things cannot much longer go on as
they are at present, and it is to bo hoped that, in the public
interest, the necessary steps will soon be taken to provide the
needful remedy.

8. A. ilgiiifles Sanituy Authority; R. Rural; U. Urban; P. Port; M. A. B. Hotropolitan

AsylnniB Board; M. O. Medical Officer.

OMrlct and atte of
hoipltaL

Aberdare. U.

AlAeater, Alceater. K.
AUerton. U

Amenham (Chea-

ham). R.
Aabford. U

AttM, R.

Atton Mdnm', U.
Baettp, U

JMtall Heath, U....
Bath (CUTerton). U.

Bath, R^.
Bedford....

Bodlingtonshire

(Blyth). U.
Bdgravt. U.

BeriLhampetead (Aid-
bury). R.
Bierlef, North. U....

BUleidon. R....

Bfalcdale, Swire Road.
U.

Birkenhead (Nr. Boro'
Oeneral Hosp), U.

Birkenhead. R...
Birkmthaw. U.

Authority.

U.S. A.
K. 9. A.
Served br Bradford Boro'

Hospital.
R. S. A.

U.S.A.

Served by Birmingham Boro*
Hospital.

»» i» «

Served by Todmordcn Urban

Hospital.
Served by Birmingham Boro'

HospitaL
i/. S. A.

Served by the Urban Hosp.

Fever Hospital in connection
with the Infirmary.

In combination with Cowpen
and South Blyth.

Sen'ed by Leicester Infir-
mary Fever House.

R.&A.

Served by Bradford Boro'
Hospital.

Served by Leicester Infir-
mary Fever House.

U. S. A.

U.S. A,

Served by Urban Hospital.
Served bv Bradford Boro'
Hospital.

Charge weekly, unless othcrwlso
stated.

NU.

1$. 6JL to 10«. Remitted to very poor.

Nil.

12<. for accommodation and nursing.
Boanl and medical attendance in
addition.

Free at medical officer's discretion.
15s. to 21 s. to those who can afford
to pay.

Amount of expenses incurred.

Nil.

Nil to the poor at discretion of medical
officer, others repay cost of main-
tenance, medical attendance, and
nursing.

2s. a day to residents in the district.
4s. a day "Conway" ship boys.
Guarantee required.

76

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

District and site of
hospital.

Birmingham. U.

Bifstdl, !!.••••••.••••••

Blabv, ^

Blackpool. U

Bradford. U..**.m...**

Broadstairs. U».
Cdlverley. U.

Carlisle (Crozier
Lodge). U.

R.

Cheltenham. U.

« „ R

Chester* R

•• ?•

>i * •••••

Cleator Moor. U......

Cowpen. U

Crumpsall. U

Darlington. U

Deal. P

Derby. U

»» •

Authority.

Fever Wards in connection
with Queen's Hospital.

U. S. A. Available also for
Solihull and King's Norton
Rural, and Aston Manor,
BalsaU Heath, Hands-
worth, and Saltley Urban
Districts.

Served by Bradford Boro'
HospitaL

Served by Leicester Lifir-
mary Fever House.

The Sanatorium.

Bradford Fever Hospital
(semi - charitable, under
committee of manage-
ment). Available also for
AUerton, Birkenshaw,
Birstul, Calverley, Farsley,
N. Blerley, Pudsey, Shelf,
and Tong Urban Districts.

In combination. See
Thanet.

Served by Bradford Boro'
Hospital.

Hospital Committee.

Send cases to Crozier Lodge.
Delancey Hospital, Leek-
hampton.

Fever Hosp. of General In-
firmary. Available also for
Tarvin and Wirral Rural
and Hoole Urban Districts.

«

»»

In combination with White-
haven Rural and Egre-
mont Urban.

In combtoation with Bed-
lingtonshire.

Served by Manchester.

U.S. A.

P. S. A.
U.S. A.

Derby Infirmary Infectious
Wards.

Charge weekly, unless otherwise
stated.

For scarlet fever snd small-pox.
dents, free; others, BOs.

Resi-

Visitors, 21«.; ratepayers, 15«.; servants,
10«. 6d. Patients are attended at
their own cost by their own medical
man.

Ordinary charge, 3«. Bd. a day, 2s. Gd.
for Boro' children under 12. More
than half the cases admitted have
been free.

2 free beds. For the others, by
subscriber's letter, 8s. 9d. or 5s. 3d.,
according to age, unless sent in free
by Rural or Urban Sanitary Author-
ity. Private room, 10«. 6d.

Private ward, 10«. Gd. a day. General
wards:— from Cheltenham Union,
2s. 6(2. a day small-pox, Ss. scarlet
fever. Subscriber's servants, free
smtjl-pox, Is. 6d. scarlet fever. Cases
from General Hospital free.

14«. The guardians pay the whole or
part of the chai^ in poor cases.

n
n

20s. adults, or 42«. in separate ward.
10s. children under 12, Less or free
on certiflcate of duly qualified medi-
cal practitioner.

Cases admitted on certificate of medical
practitioner.

PabtL]

INFECTIOUS HOSPITALS.

77

Dlttiiet and site of
hospttaL

*WMI • !»•••«••••••«••«••

Dowlais

StuingUm. R^

Egremont. Um....^...

FattMHirth. U»

Fartlep, U«

Fulkestone. U....^...

Gateshead

Goole. U. \

Cfcrton* Um....m...m...
Gxantham. R....^...)

u ;

Bandttfforth. U.

Bartlepool, U....^...
HarUepooL P

Beaih TVncn. U

J7eatofi Norrii. U...
Hinckley. U

J7o0/e. U

Hnddenfleld. U

Isle of Thanet (North-
wood). R.

Kenilworth. U

Kinifi Norton. R....

Leamington. U

Leckhampton. U

Leeds. U

»t •••• •••••

Leicester. U.

U„

leven*hulme. U. ,„

Authority.

Dr Astley's Hospital.

«« t)

Fovcr Hospital.
Served by Hartlepool Urban.
In combination. See

Whitehaven Roral.
Served by Manchester.
Served by Bradford.
Small-pox Hospital.

Infections Diseases HospitaL
Fever Hospital.

Sanitary Authorities
combination.

. In(

Served by Manchester.
Sanitary Authorities. In j

combination. 1

Infectious Wards at Gran-

Uiam General HospitaL
Served by Birmingham Boro*

Hospital.
Served by General Infirmary.
P.S.A.

Served by South Stafford-
shire Hospital, Wolver-
hampton.

Served by Manchester.

Served by Leicester Infir-
mary Fever House.

Served by Chester Fever
Hospital.

Bhrkby Hospital.

In combination with Broadr
stairSfMargate, and Rains-
gate Urban.

In combination with War-
wick, ifec

Served by Birmingham Boro'
Hospital.

In combination with War-
wick.

Served by Delancey Hospital.
Cheltenham.

Leeds House of Recovery.

Small-pox wards . in the
workhouse grounds, to
which the guardians ad-
mit non-paupers.

Leicester Infectious Fever-
House. For enteric
fever.

Boro' Hospital. Freake's
Ground. U. S. A.

Served by Manchester-

Charge weekly, unless otherwise
stated.

The sanitary authorities pay for the
patients they send in.

»»

i»

10s. 6d. for acconmiodation. Patients
make their own arrangements for
board, nursing, and attendance.

A charge of 5«. to 7s. Bd. is formally
made, but it. has never been en-
forced.

No charge.

Not yet used. Sailors have right of
free admission to the General In-
firmary.

5s. to 16*. The very poor free.
21<., If able to pay; otherwise not en-
forced.

Ss. 6d. a day.

Payment is expected from those with
means.

Free to inhabitants of the County.

„ „ „ Bore*. For

others cost of maliitenanGe.

78

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[PartL

Dbtrist and site of
PT'" i hospital.

Lewes. R )

U ]■

Lillington. U

Lirerpool

LONDON—
Deptford. M.A. B.

Fnlliam.

M

»i

W 1»

Hampstead

HighgateHm

Homerton. M.A.B.

Islington

Stockwell. M.A.B.

It

Loughborovgh. U. ...

it

1)

Lutterworth.
Lymm. U. .
Maidstone (Tufton
St). U.

Manchester (Monsall.)
U. -

Margate. U

Market Bosworth. R.

Market Harhorough.
R.

Maryport. V

Anthoritjr.

Sanitary Authorities in
combination.

In combination with War-
wick, <kc.

Netherfleld Fever Institu-
tion.

Deptford Ho^ital. New
Cross Road. Fever and
small-pox.

Deptford SmaU-pox Hospi-
tal.

Fulham SmaU-pox Hospi-
tal.

Small-pox HospitaL

Small-pox and Vaccination
HospitaL

Fever Hospital.
Small-i)Ox Hospital.
London Fever Hospital.
Liverpool Road.

Metropolitan Asylum Dis-
trict Fever Hospital. Lan-
der Road, S.W.

Small-pox Hospital. Landor
Road, S.W.

Served by Leicester Infir-
mary Fever House

II

II

Served by Warrington.
U. S. A.

This hospital serves also
Crumpsall, Failsworth,
Gorton, Heaton Norris,
Levenshulme, Moss Side,
Newton Heath, Prestwich,
Rusholme, Sale, Stretford,
Swinton and Pendlebury,
and Withington Urban
Sanitary Districts.

In combination with Broad-
stairs, &c

Served by Leicester Infir-
mary Fever House.

n

n

n
Served

)i

i>

by the GuaitUans*
lufectloui Hospital.

Charge weekly, unless otherwise
stated.

{

5s. to 10«. Patients provide their
own' medical man.

By order of relieving officer.

»i

»>

11

»i

Closed at present.

Free, on a 5 guinea letter; on a 1

guinea letter, £3. 3s.; without letter,

£4. 4<., on admission.
By order of relieving officer.

r» »» »>

For non-paupers. Scarlet fever, ty-
phoid, and diphtheria are mostly
treated. £2. 2s. for whole period in
hospital. Private rooms, £3. 3s. a
week. An ambulance will be sent
for the patient on application to the
"resident medical officer," stating
nature of fever.

By order of relieving officer.

»

»i

j»

Patients, tf able, are expected to pay
actual cost of maintenance, but
no charge is made so as to deter the
very poor from using the hospital.
Patients are attended by theh: own
medical men.

Free. Special accommodation by ar-
rangement with Secy., Royal Infir-
mary. £1, Is. to £3, 3s. a week.

INPECnODS HOSPITALS.

District Bnd alta of

Nswuk. R. I

IfeutBH BnO. V....

yormonbjf, V-....,....

Norwich. nOBr Jewish

CnnetjQT. U-.»>.

HDtUnEhBio. U.

Workhc-Mo. U....

Oldham, "B
Hogpltal.
OtiOam. E...,™...,

J'SBberton. U

Penrith. R. )

Penrith {Fidr Hlli).

Pflterbora'

Pratuiek. C.

Pmliit. U.

Kamigals. U

ilwhfcrd, nor Rocii

Jttabalmf. ' u"'.".'.'.'.'.
StUtoa Wilden. B '
Siflnm WiiLdsn, nr ;

SnSHmWBlden.U,

Soi". U

Bulfori. Wtllou Hmr

U,

.So/HtK. O. ,

Scnrboron^h. U..^..,

CharRO wcDtly, unlM

U. 9. A. TMi hiKipltal also
aurrel HldiHuBbro' Kuril, :

and South Stockton Urbui

■Served by Mnncheater.
S. A.'a In comlilnBtlDii.
U.S. A.

Tho full charge !■ 14i. aw*
charged. nn& tha irKullai] o1

AWinnB'i InaHly known as
po£ hoapllaJ," has rDcclved

U.S.A.

S. A.'b In <

ParerHcwpltAl In connection

with the InOnnaiy.
Served hy Uaflcheater.

HonpUal.

Broodiliilra, iic.

S. A. la comhlnallon with

Southend Urb.
Served hy Mancheater.

S.A'abieomUnUlon.

Served by Mancheiter.
U.S. A.

Served by Birmingham Dcro'

i. vrrlll«o agreciDCnt

a tna. Private rooma,

only charge la the aetoal eest ot

Ordinary ehargo Ids. Bd., hot 3. A, take

!so charge La madOf bet payment 19
taken hsm emf loyeri, Ik.

82

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[PaetL

LOCK HOSPITALS.

Including Syphilis.

Town and county.

Birmingham, Warw...

Bristol, GIouc.

Liverpool, Lanes

tj

n

LONDON—
Cayendish Sq., W...

Ck>Yent Gar., W.C. 1
Harrow Rd., N.W.
Soho.W.C

West Smithfleld,
MancRster, Lanes....
Portomontb, Hants....

Shomcliffe, Kent.

Name of Institution and
exaet address.

Birmingham and Midlands
SMn and Lock Hospital.

Lock Hosp. for Women. Old
Park Hill, St Michael's.

Royal Infirmary 'and Lock
Hospital. Brownlow St.

Seamen's Dispensary for
Venereal Diseases. 9 Cus-
tom House, Arcade.

St Agnes' Hosp. 8 Margaret
Street (for Women).

Henrietta Street.

Westboume Green (Female

Department and Asylum).
91 Dean Street (Male and

Out-patient Department).

These 8 constitute the

London Lock Hospital and

Asylum.
St Bartholomew's Hospital.

Special Ward.
Manchester and Salf ord Lock

and Skin Disease Hosp.
Royal Portsmouth, Portsea,

and Gosport Hospital.

Special Lock Wards.
Lock Hospital.

Terms of admission.

Information not obtainable.
Free.

By letter, subject to medical oflflcer's
approval, but this is dispensed with
in cases proper for in-treatment.
Foreign sailors 21s. a week.

By payment of 1*. each visit, includ-
ing medicine.

Free at discretion of medical oflBcers.
Apply to the Sister In charge. Con-
sumptives admitted. Cases of preg-
nancy, fits, and infectious fevers
inadmissible.

By letter. All cases received except
those of relapse into vice.

t>

i»

»

»>

»>

Free without letter.

Free by letter. In and Out.

These wards are under arrangement
with the Admiralty.

A Government establishment.

Part I,] LUNATICS. 83

LUNATICS.

It will be noticed in the following list that the Institutions
for the reception of lunatics are divided into County Asylums,
Borough Asylums, Licensed Houses, and Public Hospitals, to
which might be added Unlicensed Houses. County and
Borough Asylums are provided mainly for the reception of
pauper lunatics. They are erected in accordance with the
Act 16 and 17 Vict., chap. 97 (1853), by which the Justices of
every county or borough are required to provide the necessary
accommodation out of the rates for the reception of pauper
lunatics. Into these Institutions pajring patients are fre-
quently admitted when there is room, the payments varying
— according to the arrangements made by the medical super-
intendent with the relatives — from fourteen shillings to one
guinea per week. The usual charge made to the various
Unions for the reception of pauper cases averages about half
a guinea per week. When the accommodation provided in a
County or Borough Asylum is almost exhausted, it is usual to
give notice for the removal of the pajring patients to make
room for the pauper cases. This practice, which is forced
upon the Visiting Committees and Justices whenever there is
pressure upon their accommodation, has brought to light the
grave necessity of some provision being made throughout the
country for the care of middle-class patients. There are
numerous cases in which the friends of patients rather above
the pauper class would be glad to pay a somewhat higher rate
than is charged at the Pauper Asylums were there any Institu-
tions adapted to the purpose, at which they would receive
additional advantages by a higher payment. At the present
time middle-class patients have to be secured admission to
the County and Borough Asylums through the Poor-Law
Guardians, and, consequently, they pay the same amount as

84 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [PabtI.

pauper patients and receive the same treatment. The result
is that such patients occupy the space designed for pauper
patients, and compel the Justices to materially enlarge the
buildings under their charge. It is evident, therefore, that for
the sake of the patients and of the ratepayers, it is desirable
that steps should be taken without delay to establish middle-
class Institutions for the reception of those cases which are
able to pay a higher rate than that charged by the County
Asylums to the Unions for pauper cases.

An unlicensed house is one in which only one patient can
be boarded at a time, and as its name implies, the law does
not make it compulsory that a license shall be procured by
the owner of such an establishment, providing only one lunatic
is confined therein. Licensed houses are private asylums
maintained by private individuals, at their own risk and for
their own profit. Eegistered Hospitals and public Institu-
tions often partake of a charitable character, wherein patients
suffering from mental disease, not of a chronic ch^uracter, are
usually admitted for treatment. Admission to the County
Asylum is customarily obtained through the instrumentality
of the relieving officer. The certificates in such cases may
be signed by the clergyman of the parish and the relieving
officer, or by a Justice of the Peace accompanied by one
medical certificate. In the case of private patients the order
of admission must be signed by the nearest relative, and be
accompanied by two medical certificates to the effect that
after personal examination the patient is considered to be ''a
proper person to be taken charge of, and to be detained under
care and treatment, being of unsound mind and incapable
of managing his affairs.'' In the case of licensed houses,
full particulars may be ascertained on application to the
medical superintendent. The terms and conditions of admis-
sion vary so considerably at these establishments that no
attempt has been made to give these particulars. In County

Pabt I.]

LUNATICS,

85

and Borough Asylums, as before stated, admission is obtain-
able through the instrumentality of the Board of Guardians.
The conditions regulating the admission to public Hospitals
for lunatics will be found set out in the following list, so far
as they could be ascertained.

County Asylums.

County.

Place, and

Medical Superintendent or

Medical Officer.

County.

Place, and

Medical Superintendent or

Medical Officer.

Anirlesey

See Denbigh.

Stotfold, Baldock. Dr. £.

Swain.
Moulsford, near WalUng-

fbrd. Dr. R. B. Gilland.
See Monmouth.
Stone, near Aylesbury,

John Humphrey.
Fulbourn. Dr. G. M.

Bacon.
See Carmarthen.
Carmarthen. Dr. G. J.

Hearder.

See Denbigh.

Chester. Dr. J. H. David-
son.

Parkside, nr. Macclesfield.
Dr. P. M. Deas.

Bodmin. Dr. R. Adams.

Near Carlisle. Dr. J. A.
Campbell.

Denbigh. Dr. L.F. Cox.

Mickleover, near Derby.

Dr. J. M. Ltadsay.
Exminster. Dr. G. J. S

Saunders.
Near Dorchester. J. G.

Symes.
Sedgefleld, near Ferryhill.

R. Smith.
Brentwood. Dr. Donald

Campbell.
See Denbigh.
Bridgend. Dr. H. T. Prin-

gle.
Gloucester. F. H. Crad-

dock.
Knowle, neai" Fareham.

Dr. J. Mauley.
Herefoi-d. Dr.T. A. Chap-
man.
See Beds.
SeeBeAa,

Kent.... .MM...M

Banning Heath, nr. Maid-
stone. F. Pritchard
Davies, M.D.

Chartham, Canterbury. R.
Spencer.

Lancaster Moor. Dr. D. M.

Beds, Herts, and

Hunts.
Berks

Brecon

,, ...............

Lancaster............

Bucks

Cassidy.
Prestwich, nr. Manchester.

H. R. Ley.
Rainhill. nr. Prescot. Dr.

Cambridge and
Isle of Ely.

)f ..»•....

CardifiTAn......

n

Leicester and

Rutland.
Lincoln

Merioneth

T. L. Rogers.

Whittlngham. Pr. J. A.
WalUs,

Leicester, Dr. W.H.Wig-
gins.

Bracebridge, nr. Lincoln.
Dr. E. Palmer.

Carmarthen, Car-
digan, Pem-
broke, and Hav-
erfordwest.

Carnarvon

Cheater.

See Denbigh.

Banstead. Dr. T. C. Shaw.

Middlesex

Colney Hatch. W. J.
Seward. M. B.: W. G.

Cornwall

„ .........

Cumberland and
Westmoreland.

Marshall.
Hanwell. Dr. H. Rayner,

J. P. Richards.
Abergavenny. Dr. D. M.

M'CnIlough.

See Salop.

Thorpe, near Norwich. Dr.
W C Hills.

Denbigh, Ang-
lesey, Carnar-
von, Flint, and
Merioneth.

Derby

Monmouth, Bi*e-
con, and Rad-
nor.

Montgomery

Norfolk

Devon

Northampton

Northumberland.
Notts

Dorset ,

BeiTywood, Northampton.
Dr. R- Greene.

Durham..

Cottingwood, nr. Morpeth.
Dr. T. W. M'Dowall.

Nottingham. Dr.A.Alpin.
Littlemore. near Oxford.

Essex

Oxford

Flint

Pembroke

R. H. H. Sankey.
See Carmarthen.

Glamorgan

Radnor '

See Monmouth.

Rutland

See Leicester.

Gloucester

Salop and Mont-
gomery.

Somerset.

Bicton, near Shrewsbury.

Dr. A. Strange.
Wells. Dr. A. L. Wade.

Hants ................

Stafford

Stafford. W. T. Pater.

Hereford Co. and

Bumtwood, near Lich-
field. Dr. J. B. Spence.

Melton, near Woodbridge.
Dr. W. Eager.

City.
Herts

M •••••.

Suffolk

Hunts

86

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

County.

Place, and

Medical Superintendent or

Medical Officer.

County.

Place, and

Medical Superintendent or

Medical Officer.

Surrey

Wandsworth. Dr J.S.Biggs.
Brookwood, near Woking.

Dr. J. £. Barton.
Hayward's Heath. Dr.S.

W. D. Williams.
Hatton, near Warwick. Dr.

W. H. Parsey.
See Cumberland.
Near Devizes. J. I. Bowes.

Worcester Co.

and City.
York, E. Riding.

« ^* «
» »t »»

Powick, near Worcester.
E. M. Cooke.

Sussex

Beverley. T. Green.
Clifton, near York. J. T.

"Warwick

Hingston.
Wadsley, near Sheffield.

Dr. S. Mitchell
Wakefield. Dr. H. C.

Major.

Westmoreland ...
Wilts

Birmingham

Bristol

Haverfordwest. . . .
Hereford, City....

HuU

Ipswich

Leicester

Birmingham, Winsor

Green. E. B. Whltcombe.
Rubery Hill. Dr T. Lyle.
Stapleton. Dr G.Thompson.
See Carmarthen County.
See Hereford County.
HulL Dr. J. Merson.
Ipswich. Dr. B. Chevallier.
Humberstone. J.£.M.Finch

Borough Asylums.

London, City

Newcastle-on-
Tyne.

Norwich

Nottingham .,
Portsmouth .,

Worcester

Stone, near Dai*tford. Dr.

0. Jepson.
Coxlodge, Gosforth. Dr.

R. H. B. Wickham.
Hellesdon. Dr. W. Harris.
Mapperley Hill. R Powell.
Milton, Portsmouth. W.

C. Bland.
See County List.

Licensed Houses.

Place.

Acomb, W. Rid...
Alton, Hants

Aspall, nr. Deben-
ham, Suffolk.

Bamoldswick, nr.
Bentham, W.
Riding.

Bath Easton,Som.

Bcckenham, Kent

Bedford, Beds. ...

>» M •••

Box, nr. Chippen-
ham, Wilts.

Bristol, Glouc. ...

n

Som.

Briton Ferry,

Glam.
Burgess Hill,

Sussex.
Burnley, Lanes...

Name of house «nd of
licensee.

See York.

Westbrook House. Mrs E.

J. Burnett and Dr. Hors-

brugh.
The Glebe House. Miss

Wilson.
Greta Bank. Mrs. Parker.

Bailbrook House. J.Terry.
Springcroft. R. R. Stilwell.
Bishopstone House and

Ashbumham House. Dr.

W.S. Craig and Mrs.Craig.
Springfield House. Dr. D.

Bower and Miss Norton.
Kingsdown House. Mi-s.

Nash, E. Chaffey, and G.

White.
Northwoods , Winterbounie,

near Br^tol. Dr. R. Eager

and Mr. T. G. Seymour,
Brislhigton House, near

Bristol. Dr. F. K. and

C. H. Fox.
Vernon House. CluPegge.

St George's Retreat. Ditch-
Ihig. Misses Eccles, &c.

Marsden Hall. £. A.
Bennett.

Buxton, Derby..

Catton, Norfolk. . .
Chllcompt'n,Som.
Chiswick, Middx.
Church Stretton,
Salox>.

»

*«

Culworth,nr.Ban-
bury, N'hpton.

Darlington, Dur-
ham.

Epsom, SmTey ...

»

>»

Exeter, Devon ...
Fi^ord, Glouc ..

n t*

Gateshead, Dur...

Gondhurst, Kent.

Hanwell, Middx..

Harpenden, nr. St

Albans, Herts.

Name of house and of
licensee.

Wye House. Dr F. K.

Dickson.
See Norwich.
See Idiots.
See London.
Grove House, All Stretton.

J. R. M'Lintock, M.D.
Stretton House. W.

Hyslop.

Dinsdale Park. Dr. J. W.

Eastwood.
Woodcote End House.
Church Street. Misses

Stilwell and Dr. W. C.

StilweU.
Court Hall, Kenton. Miss

E. A. Teage.
Fairford House. Messrs.

lies.
The Croft House. Mrs.

lies.
Dunston Lodge, nr. Gates-
head. W. Garbutt and

J. Grabham.
Tattlebury House. R. S.

Newington.
See London.
Harpenden Hall. Mrs.Rnm-

ball.

PaetL]

LUNATICS.

87

Place.

Hayes, Ifiddz

H^wklmrst, Kent,

Henley in Arden
Warwick.

If

»i

mmngdon, Midd
Isleworth, ^
Kenton, Devon..
Kimbenrorth, nr.

Rotherham, W.

Biding.
Kingsingford, nr.

Dndley, Staff.
Leyton, Essex.....
Liyerpool, Lanes.

LONDON and

Metropolis —

' Bethnal Green.

Bow

Brixton

Bromi>ton

Brook Green....
Camberwell

Name of liouse and of
licensee.

Chiswlck.

Clapton, Upper.
Finsbory Park.

Folham..

HammwsmiUi.

II

It

n

Hampton Wick.

See London.

North Grove House. W.
M. Harmer.

Glendossill House. Dr.
and Mrs. Agar.

Hurst House. Dr. and Mrs.
Agar.

See London.

See London.

See Exeter.

The Grange. J. G. Atkin-
son.

Ashwood House. Dr. Bod-
ington.

See London.

Tue Brook Villa, nr. Liver-
pool. Dr. H. Owen, R.
F. Owen, and J. B. Owen.

Westdale House, Waver-
tree. Dr. S. A. Gill.

Bethnal House, Cambridge

Road. E. J. Millar.
Grove Hall, Fairfield Road,

E. Mr. Byas and Dr. W.
J. Mickle.

lKnowleRoad,S.W. Mrs.

Tucker.
Earl's Court House. Miss

Bumey, Mrs. Hill, and

Dr. J. R. HUL
Montague House. Mrs.

Roy.
Camberwell House. Dr.

J. H. Paul and Dr. F.

Schofield.
Blacklands House, King's

Rd. Dr. H. Sutherland,

<fec
Manor House. Dr. and Mrs.

Tuke, &c
Brooke House. Dr. H.

Monro and J. 0. Adams.
Northumberland House.

Dr. A. H. Stoker, &c.
Munster House. Dr. G. F.

Blandford, Ac.
Upper Mall House. Mr.

and Mrs. Cotes.
Brandenburgh House. Dr.

L. S. F. Winslow, &c.
Sussex House. Dr. L. S.

F. Winslow, Ac.

Otto House, Northend. Dr.

H. Sutherland, &c.
Normansfleld,Training In-

stit. for Feeble Minded

Children and Youths. J.

Lcmgdon Down.

LONDON and
Metropolis —
Hampton Wick.

Name of house and of
licensee.

it

i>

Eastcote, Medical Homo
and School for Delicate
or Backward Boys. J. L.
I Down.

; Conifers,Medical Home and
I School for Delicate or
! Backward Gfarls. J. L.

Down.

HanweU

Hayes

II

Hendon

Hillingdon

Hoxton

Isleworth

Leyton

Netting Hill....

Peckham

Peckham Rye.

Roehampton ....

Southall

II •••

,) .........

Sunbury

Tooting, Upper

Twickenham....

Wandsworth....
Maidstone, Kent..
Manchester, Lane.

Market Laving-
ton, nr. Devizes,
Wilts.

Much Hadham,
Herts.

Newton -le- Wil-
lows, Lanes.

Northampton,
Northampton.

Lawn House. Miss £.

Dixon.
Hayes Park. Mr. Benbow,

&c.
Woodend Grove. Dr. H.

Stilwell and Mrs. Rowes.
Hendon Grove. H. Hicks.
Moorcroft House. Dr. H.

Stilwell, Ac.
Hoxton House. J. Cre-

monini.
Wyke House. Dr. E. S.
I Willett, Ac.
'Great House. Mr8.Davey.
\3 Damley Road. H. C.
i Smith.
Pecjcham House. E. H.

Byaa, Ac.
Silverton House, 24 Linden

Grove. Mrs. Fruin.
The Priory. Dr. W.Wood

and T. Bigland.
Southall Park. Dr. Boyd.
Vine Cottage, Norwood

Green. Mr. and Mrs.

Chalk.
The Shrubbery. Miss

Rosser.
Halllford Ho. Dr. Seaton,

Ac
Ivy Lodge, S.W. G. Dale,

M.D.
Twickenham House. Dr.

H. W. Diamead.
The Huguenots, East Hill.

Miss M. Leech.
West Mailing Place. Dr.

T. H. Lowry.
Clifton Hall, nr. Manchest

H. B. Lomas and Mrs.

Smith.
Fiddington House. Dr.
I Charles Hitchcock.

I Hadham Palace. Dr. F.

M. Smith.
Haydock Lodge. E. H.

Beaman.
Abhigton Abbey Retreat.

H. S. Prichard. See also

Appendix.

88

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Paet I.

Place.

Norwich, Norfolk.

»•

»f

Plymptoiii DeTon.

Portishead, Som.

Rotherham, W.

Biding.
SaJIsbTiry, Wilts.

n

»

Sandown^LofW.
Scnlcoates^E.Rid.
Shew8bi]ry,Salop.

Sonthall

Stafford, Stafford.

Name of honae and of
licensee.

Snnbnry,

Heigliam Hall, near Nor-
wich. J. F. Watson.

The Grove, Catton. T. J.
C. Rackham.

Plympton House. Dr. C.
Aldridge.

18 and 14 Adelaide Ter.
L. A. Weatherly, M.D.

See Eimberworth.

Plsherton House. Dr.

Finch.
Laverstock Hoose. J.

Haynes and J. Manning.
The Bdars. Dr. and Mrs.

J. B. Steward.
Marfleet Lane Retreat. J.

Brown.
Boreatton Park. W. H.

0. Sankey.
See London.
The Green Hall. C. F.

Watson.
See London.

Sutton, Surrey ...

Tamworth, Staff.
Ticehurst, Sussex

i>

It

Torpoint, Com...

Twick'nh'm, Mid.
Wavertree,Lancs.
Whitch'rch, Salop

Winchelsea, Sus.

Witham, Essex...

York, City

„ Acomb, W.
Riding.

Name of house and of
licensee.

The Croshams. F. D.

Atkins.
Moat House. J. F. Woody.
Ticehurst Asylum. Drs.H.

F. H. and A. S. L. New-

ington.
Myskyns. Dr. A. B.

Barton.
8 Alexander Terrace. J.

Phillips.
See London.
See Liverpool.
St Mary's House. Dr. S.

T. Gwynn.
Periteau House. Mrs.

Skinner.
Witham Asylum. T. M.

Tomkhi.
Lawrence House. Dr. G.

J. Swanson.
Grove House. Miss

Cooney.
Lime TYee House. W. J-

Nelson.

Public Hospitals for Lunatics.

Place.

Bootham, York

Broadmoor, Bei'ks. ...

Cheadle, Cheshire ...

Ealing, Middx

Exeter, Devon

Gloucester, Glonc......

Headington,^Oxon

Lincoln^ Lines

LONDON—
Ealing

Old Street, E.C

Medical Superintendent.

York Lunatic Hospital. H.

C. Gill.
State Criminal Asylum. Dr.

W. Orange.
Manchester Royal Lunatic

Hospital. G.W. Mould.
See London.
Wonford House. Dr. S. Rees

Phillips.

Bamwood House, nr. Glouc.
Dr. F. Needham.

Wameford Lunatic Asylum,
Headington Hill. Dr. J. B.
Ward.

Lincoln Lunatic Hospital.
Dr. A. P. RusselL

Royal India Lunatic Asylum.

Dr. T. B. Christie.
St. Luke's Hospital Dr. G.

Mickley.

Terms of admission.

Particulars not furnished.

Particulars not furnished.

£2. 7s. a week or upwards, according
to means and requirements. Reduced
or remitted in deserving cases.

From 2 guineas a week, reducible in
special cases. ** Some patients, when
there is a prospect of a cure, are re-
ceived gratuitously."

2 guineas a week and upwards, but in
certain cases a reduction is made, to
obtain which the conunittee must be
petitioned. For forms, Sue., apply to
the Resident Med. Supeilntendent.

30«. a wk. and upwards. This is some-
times reduced wh^i the patient's
friends, after special application,
show the rate cannot be afforded.

Particulars not supplied.

At committee's discretion. Free or by
payment of 14, 21, or dO«. a week.
Chronic cases, 21«.

PabtL]

LUNATICS.

89

Place.

LONDON—
Lambeth Road, S.E.

Mancheater, Lanca ...
Nojrtbampton, North-
ampton.

Norwich, Norfolk

Nottingham, Notts....

Southampton, Hants.
Stafford, Stafford m...

Wameford, Oxon ...
Tarmouth, Norfolk.

York, Toika

»» If •••••

Medical Superintendent

Bethlehem Hospital. Dr. G.
H. Savage.

See Cheadle.

St. Andrew's Hospital, Billing
Road. J. Bayley.

Bethel Hospital. H. Tomer.

Lunatic Hospital, The Cop-
pice. Dr. Tate.

Netley Abbey.

Gliarltable Institution for the
Insane, Goton Hill, near
Stafford. Dr. J. D. Hewson.

See Headington.

Royal Naval Hospital. Dr.
W. M'Leod.

The Retreat. Dr. R. Baker.

See Bootham.

Terms of admission.

Preference is given to the educated
classes. Those who can pay private
asylum charges or are fitter for a
county asylum are not as a rule
taken. No charge. Security must
be given in the sum of £100. Apply
for a form of application. Conval-
escent Branch at Witley.

Two classes, 25«. or 42«. a week and
upwards, quarterly hi advance, cloth-
ing not included. The rates may be
reduced if the patient's fri^ids prove
they cannot afford so much.

£2awk., quarterly in advance. This is
inclusive of everything but clothing.
Particulars not supplied.

»

»i

Particulars not supplied.

»»

>»

90

HINTS IN SICKNESS-

[Part I.

LYING-IN.

It will be noticed that a large proportion of the Institutions,
the names of which are given below, provide relief to patients
at their own homes, and do not receive midwifery cases into
the Hospitals. Experience has proved that it is far better to
employ medical men and midwives to attend patients at their
own homes,' and not to treat these cases in Hospital buildings.
It is now generally admitted to be best to afford this branch
of medical assistance through the instrumentality of a Dis-
pensary rather than a Hospital, and it will be seen that, as a
rule, relief is afforded on the prbduction of a subscriber's
letter, which usually includes the attendance of a midwife or
medical officer, medicine, and the use of linen for the month.
In several Institutions special regulations have been made,
which will be found set forth in detail below.

Note.— The Institutions marked thus (*) are not Hospitals with accommodation for the
reception of In-patients, but the recipients of the charity are treated their own homes.

Town and county.

♦Bakewell, Derby.

♦Bath, Som

♦Beckenham, Kent...

Bh'kenhead, Cheshire

♦Birmingham, Wai-w.
Brighton, Sussex

•Bristol, Glouc

♦Bromley, Kent

Name of institution and
exact address.

Dispensary and Lying-in
Institution.

Bath Lying-in Chailty.
General Dispensary and Ly-
ing-in Charity.

Ladies' Charitable Institu-
tion and Lying-in Hospital.

Lying-in Charity. 71 New

Hall Street.
Brighton and Hove Lying-in

Institution, &c.

Lying-in Institution. (Reg-
istrar of Tickets, Mrs Don-
ald, Marlborough HUl PL).

Greneral Dispensary and Ly-
ing-in Charity.

Terms of admission.

By subscriber's letter, to be signed by
2 ladies of the committee. Linen
supplied.

Free by ticket.

By ticket. The holder must pay 10«.
in advance to the medical ofiBcer,
who gives the necessary attendances
and medicine without further charge.

By letter or minister's recommendation,
and production of marriage certifl-
cate.

Free by lettei*.

Free by letter, both in and out patiento.
The latter pay 6d. or 1«. on registra-
tion.

Free by letter.

Holders of lying-in tickets must pay
10s. in advance to the medical oflBcer,
who will give the requisite attend-
ance and medicine.

PabtL]

LYING-IN CHARITIES.

91

Town and county.

^Cheltenham, Glonc...

*£xeter, Devon

*01oace8ter GIouc..
liveipool, llancs.

LONDON—
Anerlejr, SJ:

Che]8ea,S.W

City Road, E.C.

Endcll Street, Long

Acre, W.C.
♦Finabury, E .C. ...

Holbom, E.C.

Lambeth, S.E....

Name of institution and
exact address.

Cobourg Society.

Marylebone Road,
No. 191, W.

British Lying-in Hospital

lloyal Maternity Charity.
Finsbury Square.

81

Farringdon General Dispen-
sary and Lying-in Charity.
17 Bartletrs Buildings.

General Lying-in Hospital.
York Koad. Westminster
Bridge Road.

Queen Cliarlotte*8 Lylng-In
Hospital.

*Newman St^ No. ,
41, W.

Netting HOI, W....

General Lying-In Charity
for providing Midwives
and Attendants to Mar-
ried Women at their ova
homes.

Provident Dispensary and
Maternity. 43 Portland
Road.

Lying-in Charity. 14 Hollo-
way Street

Lying-in Charity.

Ladies' Charity and Lying-
in Institution. lODaulby
Street.

Dispensary and Lying-in
Charity.

St John's House and Sister-
hood Maternity Home for
Poor Married Women. 7
Tadema Koad.

City of London Lying-in
Hospital, ^e also Appen-
dix.

Terms of admission.

By subscriber's ticket, which entitles
to use of linen for the month,
and also to payment of midwife's
fee, with 2s. 6d. ticket for nourish-
ment, or to the sum of 7s. M. to-
wards the siu*geon's fee, which varies
from 10«. 6d. to 21s.

Free by letter.

Each applicant pajni 5s.
By letter.

Information not obtainable.
Free to the out poor.

Free by letter, though this may be dis-
pensed with at the committee's dis-
cretion. Attendance required at the
hospital on Wednesdays, at 10 a.m., to
prove legal settlement and marriage.
Patients received within 48 hours of
confinement, but if their delivery
does not take place within that period.
Is. Bd. a day Is charged for board,
Samaritan fund exists.

By letter.

Free by letter, to be taken to the Sec-
retary with certificate of marriage,
which is exchanged for an *'oriler"
on the district midwife. The order
contains full instructions as to pro-
cedure. Samaritan fund Is attached.

Free by letter.

Free by letter. Certificate of marriage
required. Single women admitted
at committee's discretion.

In-patients free by letter: — Married
women, single women with first child
only, and widows with posthumous
children. Out — Married, and widows
with posthumous children within
metropolitan district attended at
homo. Fees are charged suitable to
all classes.

Information not obtahiable.

Confinement cases of members, lOs.Sd.
at once, or by instalments of 2s .Gd,
the last to be paid one month before
confinement.

92

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.
LONDON—

Tottenham..

♦Westlwnme, W. ...

♦Malyem, Great, Wore.

Manchester, Lanes....

II

»» •••

Newcastle - on - Tyne,
Northnmberland.

Oxford, Oxon.

»i

»»

Wfveliscombe, Som...

Name of institution and
exact address.

Oeneral Dispensary and Ly-
ing-in Charity.
St Saviour's Hospital. Philip
Lane.

Provident Dispensary and
Maternity. 29Westbonme
Park Crescent.

Lying-in and Samaritan
Charity.

St Mary's Hospital and
Manchester and Salford
Lying-in Hospital.

Southern Hospital(Matcmity
Charity).

Lying-in Hospital, New
Bridge Street.

Lying-in Institution.
Medical Dispensary and

Lying-in Charity.
Maternity Charity. (The

Dispensary).

Terms of admission.

Information not supplied.

Apply to the Sister in charge, with
medical certitlcate. £3. Zs. during
confinement month ; Is. a day hefore
and after.

Provident member pays for attendance
by midwife, 6s. one month before
confinement. Non-subscribers pay
2s, 6d. entrance fee, one month's
subscription, and the 5«. Medical
ofiBcer's attendance secured for 21s.

By letter and payment of 2s. Bd. to the
midwife when engaging her. She
has power to grant relief to the ex-
tent of 6s. in urgent cases, and to
supply linen.

Information not obtainable.

Free. Patients must not be paupers,
but be unable to pay for attendance
in, the ordinary way. Application
must be made at the hospital during
the prescribed hours.

Free. In-patients require 2 letters,
and are retained a fortnight longer
if necessary. Out-patients need only
1 letter, and are given 5s. worth of
provisions.

Information not supplied.

Free by letter, with use of linen.

By letter and payment of 5s.

MINEBAL WATER BATHS. See H7DB0PATHI0

ESTABLISHMEITTS.

NXBVOUS DISEASES. 8ee PABAL7SIS.

NEUBALOIO AFFECTIONS. See HTDBOFATHIO

ESTABLISHMENTS.

paet l] nursing institutions. 93

NUBSES.

INSTITUTIONS FOR TRAINING OR SENDING OUT.

•

Oi all the Institutions of which an account is given in
this book, probably few are calculated to do more public
service than those which provide for the training and sending
out of nurses to the houses of the people in the day of sick-
ness. Fifteen years ago there were practically no such
Institutions quartered throughout the country, whereas to-
day they number upwards of one hundred and fifty, and
they are constantly increasing. Householders are now begin-
ning to realise that it is false economy to allow the mother or
other member of a fSsunily to exhaust her system by endeavour-
ing to undertake the day and night nursing of a severe case
of illness in addition to the ordinary household duties. At
such a time, a trained, capable, and intelligent nurse is in-
valuable, and by the aid of the Nursing Institutions such
persons are now obtainable for a reasonable payment in every
large centre of population. It is unnecessary to give par-
ticulars concerning the rules and regulations of these
Institutions, since they are fully set forth in the subjoined
tables. It will be seen that so far as England is concerned,
at any rate, the accommodation provided imder this head,
though fairly complete, stiU requires considerable extension,
and it is to be hoped that those towns which have not yet
provided against the hour of sickness by the establishment of
a Nursing Institution, will before long see the wisdom and
economy of following the excellent example set them in this
respect by their neighbours.

94

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

KoTB.— -In those cases where the terms for the snpply of Nurses have been obtainable, the
following abbreviations have been adopted :— 0, Ordinary or medical cases ; S, Surgical or
operation; F, Fever or infectious; ScF, Scarlet fever; SP, Small-pox; M, Mental; L,
Ladies' or monthly (the fee Is for the month of 4 weeks ; where the Nurse is required before
or after the month the charge is invariably 1 guinea a week); Q, Quarantine (expenses of
disinfection after the Nurse's attendance on an infectious case) ; T W, Patient pays Nurse's
travelling and washing expenses: this is the rule although not always stated; R, Registi-a-
tion fee. The terms are those charged by the week, except L and Q, or where otherwise stated.

Town and county.

Bangor, Cam.,

Bath, Som.

Berkhampst'd, Herts.

Bhining^ham, War-
wick.

Boumemonth, Hants.

Bradford, Yks

Brighton, Sussex

»»

Cambridge, Cambs....

Carliflile, Cumbld

Chester, Ches

Clifton, Olouc.

Coventry, Warw. „

Derby, Derby

Dover, Kent

Exeter, Devon. ...

Gloucester, Glonc.
Hastings, Suss.

Name and address of
institution.

Institutn. for Trained Nurses.

Do. do. 2 Oxford Row.

Parochial Nurse and Nurs-
ing Home Association.

Birmingham and Midland
Counties Training Institu-
tion for Nurses. No. 12,
Crescent

Institutn. for Trained Nurses.

Bradford Nurses' Institution.

Institn. for Trained Nurses
and Medical Invalid's
Home. 47 Grand Parade.

Branch of London Associa-
tion (Bond St.). 71 Middle
Street.

Trained Nurses' Institution.
13 Fitzwilliam Street.

Royal Scottish Nursing In-
stitution.

Diocesan Deaconess' Institu-
tion.

Nurses' Institution.

Coventry and Warwickshire
Hospital.

Nurses' Training Institutn.

2 Church Street, London

Road.
Trained Nurses' Institute.
Institutn . for Trained Nurses.

7 Magdalen St.
Institutn. for Trained Norses.
See St Leonard's,

Terms for tialning or sending out,
and classes of nurses.

S L, 21«.; same nurse continued after

3 montlis, 31«. 6d. FM, 31«. 6d.;

after 8 months, 42«. Single day,

3«. 6(2.; night, 5«.
0, 25«. F, 30s. Severe M, 42«. But

fewL.

0, 21s. S, 25«. F. 25<. Q. I5s. R,
2s. 6d. TW. For training, proba-
tioners pay 305. on admission, which
is returned — 10s. on appt. as nurse,
and 20«. at end of 8 years' service.
Age, 25 to 36. Wages, £12 to £20.

0, 21«. F, 42«.; after 3 wks., 21». a wk.
Severe S, 42«. M and Paralytic,
31s. 6d. L, 5 to 10 guineas. Male
attendants are not retained, but are
sometimes procured.

OS, 21s.; after 8 wks., 81<. 6d. F, 25s.
Q, 15s. L, 5 guineas.

Medical, surgical, mental, dipsomania,
and fever nurses.

21s.; after 8 wks., 80*. F, 80s.

or8P,42«. TW. No L.
0, 25s. FM, 30s. L, 6 guhieas.

ScF

0^ 21s. Shigle night in (Hiester, 8s. 6d.
F, 42«. each of first 2 wks., then 21s.
a wk. Q, 15s. L, 5 guineas. Nurses
visit the poor free. For terms on
which probationers are admitted to
training as deaconess nurses, apply
to the Deaconess in charge.

26s. generally. Q,21<. M,26s. Mid-
wife, 6 guineas a month to subscrib-
ers, 5 guineas to non-subscribers.

0, 21«, F, 21s. to 42«. A reduction
in special circumstances and pro-
tracted cases. T W.

21«. generally. Single day, 10s. Bd.
Q, 15s. L, 6 guineas. District nurs-
ing to the poor. Trains nurses. T W.

Medical, surgical, and fever nurses.

S, 21s. F, 31s. Bdj; after 8 wks. 21s.
SP M, 42s. L, 5 guineas,

0S,21«. FM,42i.

Pabt I.]

NURSING INSTITUTIONS.

95

Town and county.

Ipswich, Suff.,

Kingston - on - Hull,

Yks.
Leamington, Warw.

Leeds, Tks

Leicester Leic..
Lincoln, lines.....

Ltrerpool, Lanes.

LONDON—
Belgrayia, S.^,

If

Belsize Park, N.W.

Bishopsgate, E.G....

BloomsbuiySquare,
No. 23, W.C.

Bond St., New, No.
62, W.

Bow, E».

Clerkenwell, E.G.

Grosrenor Sq., W...

Name and address d
institation.

Institntn. for Trained Norses.

Institntn. for Trained Narses.

2 Percy St., Albion St.
Wameford Hospital.

Trained Narses* Institation.
Hyde Terrace.

Trained Nurses' Institation.
Institntn. for Trained Nnrses.

Narses* Training SchooL
Dover Street.

Belgrave Hospl. for Ghildren,
79 Gloucester St., S.W.

Institute for Trained Narses.
263 Vauzhall Bridge Road.

Erskine Lodge.
Hill Road.

Primrose

Institntn. of Nursing Sisters.
4 Devonshire Square.

Metropolitan and National
Nursing Association.

London
Nurses,
dlx.

Association of
See also Appen-

Evangelical Deaconesses'
House. 1 Oliver's Terrace,
Bow Road.

Order of St John of Jeru-
salem in England. St
John's Gate.

Institation for Hosp.Tralned
Narses. 27 Nth. Andley St.
See also Appendix.

Terms for training and sending ont,
and classes of narses. See page 94 for
cjipUuiation of letters in thick type.

25s. generally, but to subscribers of 1
gtdnea or more, 21«. ; after 4 wlcs.,
258. CL 21«.

0, 21#. Tj M F, 42*.; after 3 wks., 21«.
L, 6 guineas.

0, 21». ; by night only, 28s. P, 81#.
to 42«. Single day, Bs. 6d.; night,
58. Attendance at operation, 58. to
10». TW

08,2l«. TisU.ed. Q,2U M(only
taken in special clrcnmstances),
3l8.6d. L, 6 guineas. TW.

S, 21<. F, 8l<. 6d. h,5 guineas.

S. 21«. F, 42<.; after 2 wks., 2U. L,
7 guineas. R for L) 21«.

General, 2U. Q, 158.

Trains pni>il nurses.

Supplies nurses for diseases of all
kinds: also midwives and male
attendants. One lady at a time re-
ceived for confinement, or medical or
surgical treatment. Terms accord-
ing to patient's means.
Apply to the Lady Supt Medical, snr-
gical, monthly, mental, and fever.
Lady pupils trained as nurses.

Ti*ains nurses free, but they must sign
agreement to remain at work 3 years.
Payment by patients for nurses'
services, 21<. a week; infectious
cases, 31«. 6d., with 15«. at end of
services. Nurse stays only 6 weeks,
except on fresh application. Apply
to Lady Superintendent

Supplies nurses, who do not stay ex-
cept after operations, and in highly
hifectious cases, but pay visits once
or twice a day.

Trains nurses. Probationers pay £30
first year, and £14 for completion.
Those who cannot affoixl it are
allowed to defer payment, which is
deducted from subsequent salaries.

Sends out monthly, medical, surgical,
fever, smiUl-pox, and wet nurses;
also male and female attendants
in mental cases.

Trains and sends out missionaries to
the sick poor.

Provides for the local training of narses
for the sick poor. For information,
address the Asst. Secy, to the Order,
St John's Gate, GlerkenwelL

Supplies resident medical, surgical
mental; and monthly nurses.

J

96

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

LONDON—
GroBvenorSq.i'W...

Hammenmith, W..
Hampstead, N.W...
HollK)rn,E.C

Holloway, N.

Kennington, S.E....

Marylebone, N.W...
HildmayFark,N.

Oxford Street, W...
Paddington, W

Paddington W.

Name and address of
institntion.

Strand, W.C.

Institution of Nurses for
Nervous and Mental Dis-
orders (Non-Infectious).
1 King Street, Park St.

Sisters of Mis^corde. 49
Queen Street.

Home Hosp. and Nursing In-
stitute. South Hill Park.

St Alban's Mission. 26
Baldwin's^Gardens.

North London Nursing Asso-
ciation. 418 Holloway Rd.

86 Kennington Park Road.
Branch of London Associa-
tion of Nurses, 62 New
Bond Street, W.

St Helena Home. 1 Grove
End Road.

Mildmay Nursing House, 129
and 131 Mildmay Road, N.
See also Appendix.

Association for Promoting
Trained Nursing in Work-
house Infirmaries. 44
Bemers Street.

British Nursing Association
and Training School for
Protestant Nurses. 8a
Cambridge Place.

St Mary Magdalene's Home
for Trained Nurses. 3
Delamere Crescent, Upper
Westboume Terrace.

London Bible and Domestic
Female Missioo. 2 Adel-
phi Tcnace.

Tei-ms for training and sending out,
and classes of nurses. See page 94 for
explanation of letters hi thick type.

Trains and supplies nurses— specially
for ladies. Candidates as nurses
pay £2 entrance fee, which is re-
turned if th^ are engaged by the
institution. Charges for services-
assistant and probationer nur8es,22<.;
experienced (quiet cases), 26«.; (vio-
lent cases), 81s. a week.

Nurses invalids of all ranks and de-
nominations at their own homes.

See Pat Hospitals.

There is only 1 trained lady nurse who
works in the parish, but sick cases
are often taken up out of the parish.
Apply to the Sister in charge.

Action limited to the northern dis-
trict The nurses, who are trained
ladies, are only sent to the poor, and
then only do what requires a skilled
hand, gohig from case to case and
giving the friends proper instruction
on other points. Water pillows. «S5c.,
lent. Toobtain anurse, leave patient's
name and address at the Home.

Apply to Lady Sup. Medical, sur-
gical, monthly, mental, and fever.

0, £1. lis. 6d. per week. F and Can-
cer, £2 2$. per week, first 2 weeks;
£1. 11«. 6d. third and following wks.

Applicants pay £10 fori year's train-
ing. Salary expected for nurses
srat out not less than £20 a year.

Payment for nurses' services— ordi-
nary, 2l8. a week; infectious and
mental. Sis. 6d., after 3 months, 42«.
Candidates as nurses should apply to
the Lady Superintendent, Royal Free
Hospital, Gray's Inn Road. Ordi-
nary nurses are paid wages from the
beginning. Lady nurses require 12
months' training for a certificate, and
pay £15 on entrance, and £15 at end
of 6 months, and must continue in
employment 2 years, paying £6 a
year to the Association.

0, 21<. a week. F, 2 guineas a week
for the first 3 weeks. L, £6. 6s.
A few cases may be taken at re-
duced rates. As to these apply to
Miss HilUaid.

Trains nurses at hospitals, and sends
them out gratis to the poor. All
applications to the Hon. Secretary.

Pabt L]

NURSING INSTITUTIONS.

97

Town and county.

LONDON—
Straodi W.C.

Westboiime,W

Wettmlntter, S.W.

Name of institution and
exact address.

St John's House and Sister-
hood. 7 and 8 Norfolk St

•>

t*

London Diocesan Deacon-
esses Instil. 12 Tavistock
PI., Westboume Park.

Westminster Training School
and Home for Nurses. 8
Broad Sanctuary.

Zenana and Medical Mission
Home and Training School
forLadiea. 71 Vincent Sq.

Westminster Bridge St Thomaa* Hospital Night-
Koad, S.E. : ingale Fund.

Whiteehapel, £

Hailing, West, Kent.

Manchester, Lanes. . . .

Middlesbro*, Tks.

Newcastle - on - Tyne,

N'humb.
Northampton, N'hptn.

Norwich, Norfolk

Nottingham, Notts. ...

Oswestry, Salop.

East London Nursing Asso-
ciation. 49 Philpot Street,
Commercial Road.

Kent Nursing Institution.

Institutn. for Trained Nurses.

62 Qrosvenor St., All

Saints.
Fever Hospital, Linthorpe.

Trained Nurses* Institute. 5

Charlotte Square.
Northamptonshire Institutn.

for Trained Nurses.

Institutn. for Trained Nurses.

Nottingham and Notting-
hamshire Nursing Associa-
tion. 1 Regent St.

Cottage Hospital.

Terms for training and sending out,
and classes of nurses. See page 94 for
explanation of letters in thick type.

Trains and employs nurses for hospi-
tals, the poor, and private f ami! lea.
To the poor, free as far as possible ;
to those able to pay, 1 to 2 guineaa
a week. Candidates aa nurses en>
gage for three years. Apply to the
Lady Superior.

For Nursing Home S9e Conyalbsovkt,
Westgate - on • Sea and RedhilL
Trains nurses for the sick poor.

Charge for nurses — 0* 80s. a week.
F M, 42s. For training (free, one
year's course), apply to the Matron,
Westminster Hospital. After train-
ing, nurse must serve 2 years under
the committee.

Fees, £5. 6s. a term, course 3 years.
Residents pay 21s. a wk. for bCMud
and lodging; partial boarders, 10s.

■ 6dC a week.

Trains female nurses for work In St
Thomas* and other hospitals. Pro-
bationers trained and maintained
free, and receive £16 during the
course (1 year). Must engage for
8 years. Limited number of gentle-
women taken to occupy subsequently
superior positions aa skilled attend-
ants in hospitals, Ac. They pay
£80 during year of training, and
engage for 2 years, or for 1 with
fine of £22. A few occaaional
yacandea free. Apply to Mrs Ward-
roper.

Provides free nursing to the poor of
the East End— <.«., East of City and
North of Thames.

0, £1. Is. a wk.: certiflcated L- £8. 8s.
the montli, before and after, £1. Is.
a week, r, £1. lOs. a week. T W-

0, 80s. F, 86s. for first wk.. then 80s.
8 P, 42s. L, 6 to 8 guineas.

Within the borough, 0. 21s. F,81s.6<l.

Beyond, 42s. generally. T.
21s. generally. Single day, 5s. TW.

OS. 21s. F, 81s. M. M (if taken),*
42s. L, 5 guineas. Reduced terms
to persons in straightened circum-
stances. TW- District nurse visits
free. Trains probationers.

2l8. generally. A few L.

OF, 2Is. Q, fi2s. M. M, 42s. One
special nurse, 81s. %d. L, 6 guineas.

Applicants pay travelling expenses,
and such weekly sum as the com-
mittee fixes.

G

98

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part L

Town and county.

Ozfordi Oxon.

Pl]rmoiith, Devon

Portsmouth, Hants.

Preston, Lanes

Reading, Berks

St Leonards

Sheffield, Torks

Southampton, Hants.

Name of institution and
exact address.

Stoke-on-Trent, Staff.

Stratford - on - Avon,

"Warw.
Swansea, Glam. .......

Torquay, Devon

Tottenham, Middx. ...

York

Institute for Trained Nurses.
37 Wellington Squai-e.

South Devon and East Corn-
wall Hospital.

Nursing Institution. St Ives,
Marmion Koad, Southsea.

Trained Nurses' Institute,
lloyal Berks Hospital.

Trained Nurses' Institution.
17 Eenilworth Koad.

Nurses' Home.
Hampshire Nurses' Institute.
Park Road.

Nurses' Home.

See ComrALESCKNT.

Swansea and South Wales
Nursing Institution.

Instltutn. for Trained Nurses.
Deaconess' Institution.

York Institution of Nurses.
7 Bootham.

Terms for training and sending out,
and classes of nurses. See page 94 for
explanation of letters in thick type.

0S,21«. F, 42*. Q, 16«.
OS, 21«. F,30«.

0, 12*. to 21«. S, 21<. to 31«. 6d. F,
2U. to 428. R, 2s. 6d. Special
terms for L. Wet nurses on requisi-
tion. TWQ.

21s. generally. Q, 21«.

S, 2\s. F. SU. 6d, M, if taken, 42s.
No L.

0, 2l5. SF and male attendants, 42«.
Midwives, 6, 8, or 10 guineas for the
month.

OS, 2U. F, 25s. Q, 16«. L, 5 gs.

Sick poor on subscilber's letter. O S,
21«. F, 425. Q, 21s. L, 6 guineas, or
4 guineas to subscribers. If a pai'tic-
ular nurse is registered, 6 guineas.
Midwife, 3 guineas. Midwife and L-
10 guhieas. T W.

Ti-ains nurses. Admission fee 2 guineas,
which is returned in instahnents.
Age, 20 to 36.

S, 21«. F, 42».: after first wk., 21».
M, 42*. L, 6 guineas, TW.

Sick poor on subscriber's letter. 21s.
generally. Single night, Ss. 6d. Q,
815. Gd.

Trains mines. Admission fee, 30s.,
returnable. Wages, £14 to £80.

0, 2l5. SF, 31» ed.; after 8 wks.,
21 X. M (when taken), 42s.

OSF only. No charge made. Pa-
tients are expected to make a thank-
offering, the amount being left to
them to fix.

0, 21s. F, 42s.; after 2 wks., 21s. M,
80s. 6d. L, 8 guineas, and R, 1
guinea.

OBTHOPJEDIO HOSPITALS. See DEFORMITIES.

Part I.]

PARALYSIS AND EPILEPSY.

99

PARALYSIS, EPILEPSY, AND OTHER
NERVOUS DISEASES.

It will be seen that with the exception of London there is
practically no provision for the relief of patients suffering from
paralysis, epilepsy, and similar diseases of the nervous system.
It cannot, however, be questioned that this class of cases
causes an enormous amount of anxiety to the friends and of
suffering to the patients. In these circumstances and for
these reasons, it is desirable that those who are in the habit of
founding charities for the relief of sick persons should take
into their earnest consideration the necessity and wisdom of
instituting additional Hospitals for the reception of this class
of cases. They are not exactly suitable for admission to
Hospitals for Incurables, although they require special treat-
ment and care, and for these reasons separate Institutions
should be established for their reception and relief.

Town and county.

Andover, Hants.

Dingle, Lanes

LONJON—
Bloomsbury,W.C...

Name of institution and -
exact address.

Weyhill. C. V. Hehdon.

Epileptic Hospital.

National Hospital for the
Paralysed and Epileptic
S44 alio Appendix.

Clapham, S.W British Home for Incurables.

I 380 Clapham Road.
Fincbloy, N TheEhns. EaqtEnd.

Holloway, N Eingsdown Orphanage. 8

Manor Road and Tremlett
Gri»ve.

Regent's Pk., N.W. 1 Hospital for Epilepsy and

Paralysis. Portland Ter.

Terms of admission.

Epileptic gentlemen received.

2| Kuineas a week.
Information not obtainable.

From

In-patients are selected by the phy-
sicians of the day from tliose having
letters. Patients unable to obtain
letters may state tlieir cases to tlie
Secretary. Incurable cases of epi-
leptic mania and imbeciles, and
children under 4, ineligible as in-,
but may be out-patients. For out-
patients the letter lasts 4 months.
A pension f and esists for incurables.
*'In Memoriam'' wing for reduced
ladies, 128. a week.

Pensions for the epileptic. See Irs-

CUKABLES.

Convalescent Branch of Bloomsbury

Hospital. See Coxvalesoent.
See DKFoiiMiTiSS.

Free by letter, available for in-patients
6 weeks, out-patients, 3 months; or
by a small weekly payment, if a
letter cannot be obtained.

100

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[PaktI.

Town and county.

LONDON—
Shooter's Hill.

Soho Square, No.
82, W.

WelbeckSt.,No.78,
W.

Name of inatitiitlon and
exact address.

" Crole Wyndham " Memo-
rial Home. Shrewsbury
Lane.

National Hospital for Dis-
eases of the Heart and
Paralyttis.

West End Hospital for Dis-
eases of the Nervous Sys-
tem, Paralysis, and Epi-
lepsy.

MalTem,Worc i WycheSlde. The Wyche.

Terms of admission.

See Convalescent.

Free by letter. An in>patlent mnst
hHve a goveiTior's letter. For an
out-patieut a subscriber's will suflQce.
Free to necessitous poor without
letter.

Free. No letter required. Those who
are able ai-e expected to pay Is. a
wk. In-patients may have treat*
ment as out-patients until they can
be admitted.

A few patients from sjiecial nerrona
disorders are taken. For i>articn-
lars apply to Dr. Qrindrod.

Part I. ] PAY HOSPITALS. 101

PAT HOSPITALS.

8^ also under QENTLEWOMBN, and WOMEN, DISEASES OF.

Until the year 1877 the system of Pay Hospitals was practi-
cally unknown in England. In that year the Standard
printed a scheme drawn up by the author of this book, which
met with general assent, was approved by a public meeting
at the Mansion House, and led to the establishment of the
Home Hospitals* Association for Paying Patients.

The Home Hospitals' Association was founded to provide
Home Hospitals for the treatment and cure of diseases, in the
same manner- as in Hospitals, by skilled nursing, rest, and
regulated diet, under proper sanitary and hygienic conditions,
combined with the comforts of a home. The Home Hospital
is also intended for the benefit of all classes when attacked
by illness, who can afford to pay at various rates for such
advantages. The aim of the Association is further to com-
bine Home Hospitals in town with Convalescent Hotels, and
homes at the sea-side and other localities where the cure of
convalescents may be completed. It has been regarded as
essential to the success of the Association, that all the
Institutions under its management shall be from the first
entirely self-supporting. The first English Pay or Home
Hospital, which was named Fitzroy House, was formally
opened by the Bishop of Winchester, on the 1st July 1880.
This Home Hospital is situated at 16 and 17 Fitzroy Square,
and an Inspector of the Local Government Board recently
declared it to be probably the most sanitarily perfect institu-
tion to be met with anywhere. This" experiment of tlie
Home Hospitals' Association has attracted much public in-
terest, and it is now an established success : for not only is the
Association self-supporting, but it is anticipated that at the end
of the present year it will be self-extending also. Ad-

102 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part I.

mission to the Home Hospital is obtained by letter, addressed
to the Lady Superintendent. The terms range from three
guineas per week per patient in the smaller rooms, to six
guineas per week per patient in the largest rooms. 'These
payments include board, nursing by the staff of nurses, and
everything except stimulants, mineral waters, and surgical dress-
ings, which are charged for at cost price. Special nurses have
to be paid for according to the nature of each case.

Every room is furnished as a bed and sitting room on the
French plan, aild double-bedded rooms for a patient and friend,
or for a patient and special nurse, can be procured for the in-
clusive payment of from seven to eight guineas per week. All
paymentshave to be made in advance, patients paying on admis-
sion the cost of seven days' maintenance. Patients who elect
to stay beyond the date paid for in advance, must renew their
payment on the day before that on which the previous pay-
ment expires. At least twenty-four hours' notice must be
given before the removal of each patient, to enable the room
to be relet. To avoid misapprehension it may be well to
state that the above charges include interest on the whole of
the capital invested in the Home Hospitals, and a yearly con-
tribution to the sinking fund to replace the capital outlay.
Patients of both sexes are received, but persons suffering
from epilepsy, lunacy, or diseases of an infectious or con-
tagious character, and midwifery cases, are ineligible. In-
curable cases and those of long standing, which admit only of
temporary alleviation, are not regarded in general as desirable
subjects for admission, the chief object being to afford sub-
stantial medical and surgical relief to as large a number as
possible. Before admission the patient or his friend is re-
quired to fill in a form of application, to be obtained from the
Lady Superintendent. Every patient at Fitzroy House is
attended by his own professional adviser, to whom the
patient pays such fees as may be mutually arranged.

Part I.] PAY HOSPITALS. 103

As already indicated, the sanitary arrangements are very
good, the drainage being especially well managed and so con-
structed as entirely to obviate the danger of the entrance of
sewer air into the hospital. The opportunities for ventilating
each room are very thorough. In all other details the comfort
and health of the patients, and the ' cheerfulness of their sur-
roundings, have been carefully studied. No one who has
visited Fitzroy House has failed to be struck with its home-like
comfort and appearance. So large has been the number of
applications for admission, that it could frequently be filled
twice over if accommodation were available. In these cir-
cumstances it may be well to state that the original capital
was subscribed by the governors and members, every con-
tributor of fifty guineas being regarded as a governor of the
Association, and being entitled to priority of admission to
the Home Hospital for himself and his family when ill, with
the right to nomiijate not more than two patients annually.
^ donor of twenty guineas is regarded as a member of the
Association, and possesses the privilege of priority of admis-
sion for •himself, and the right of nominating one patient
annually.

In admitting patients to the Home Hospital, the Com-
mittee are guided by the following rules of precedence. A
governor is entitled to be admitted before any other applicant,
then a member, then any person belonging to the family of
a governor, then the nominee of a governor or member, and
last of all, any other persons whom the Committee may think
fit. The Committee are, however, empowered by the Articles
of Association to depart from the above order in urgent
cases, and either to advance or postpone applicants, or to
adopt any other order they may consider desirable. At the
annual meeting, which was held at the end of May 1883, it
was stated that when one hundred more governorships, and
one hundred memberships had been taken up, no further

104 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt I.

capital was likely to be required, so that the right of securing
priority of admission to the Home Hospital will soon become
very difficult to obtain.

In consequence of the interest excited by the meetings and
discussions which arose out of the foundation of the Home
Hospitals' Association, several other Institutions of a some-
what similar character have been established, and many of
the large Hospitals are seriously considering the possibility of
devoting a certain number of their beds to paying patients.
In the year 1879 the authorities of St Thomas's Hospital
offered the Home Hospitals' Association one of their blocks
of buildings, providing the Association would consent to
convert it into a Pay Hospital for the reception of this class
of cases. After due consideration the Home Hospitals'
Association decided it would be undesirable for them to
accept this offer, and in consequence the governors of St
Thomas's Hospital placed themselves in communication with
the Charity Commissioners, and ultimately opened a wing,
now known at St. Thomas's Home, as a Pay Hospital. The
wing provides accommodation for about sixty patients, and
consists of two large wards, the beds in which are separated
from each other by curtains, and of three or four small wards.
The charges are eight shillings per day for patients in a
large ward, with extra charges for nursing, &c., in severe
cases, and from four guineas per week upwards — with extras
— in a small ward. These charges include all necessaries and
the attendance of the resident medical officer ; but where a
patient desires to place himself under the treatment of a
physician or surgeon, he is at liberty to do so on condition
that he pays him such fees as may be mutually agreed
between them. This experiment, which has been attended
with the happiest results, seems likely to lead to the general
adoption of the pay system by the authorities of the principal
Hospitals throughout the country.

Part I. ] PAY HOSPITALS. 105

Another institution which deserves special mention is the
Bolingbroke House Pay Hospital, founded in 1880 as a home
in sickness for those who need the advantages of Hospital
treatment and nursing, and who are able to pay wholly or
partially for the same. Patients are received upon paying a
reasonable proportion of their actual weekly cost if they are
not in a position to pay the whole amount, which averages
two guineas weekly. Incurables, and cases of infection,
insanity, or fits, are inadmissible. To Canon Erskine Clarke
belongs the credit of establishing this Institution, which has
been attended with the greatest success, as it has greatly
benefited the middle classes of clerks, skilled artizans, and
other workers in the Battersea district, who h.ave used it in
increasing numbers each year. The promoters wef e anxious
not to exclude any one who could pay even a fair proportion
of the cost, and it was therefore decided to invite each
applicant to fix his or her own rate of payment, the surety
being required to affirm it to be fairly proportionate to the
applicant's means. In the second year's working (1882)
the percentage of self-support had risen by more than 6
per cent., viz., to 73 5 per cent, and the average weekly
payment had been £1. 10s. Id., against a weekly cost
of each patient of £2. Os. lid. The Institution contains
twenty-eight beds, and application for admission should be
made upon the proper form, to be obtained by writing to
the Honorary Secretary, or by personal or written application
to Bolingbroke House, Wandsworth Common, S.W. The
particulars required od the form are — first, the name^ occu-
pation, and address of the patient, with the amount of the
weekly sum able to be paid by the patient or friends;
secondly, a medical certificate as to the nature of the illness ;
thirdly, a guarantee by some responsible person.

The Home Hospital and Nursing Institution, Hampstead,
N.W., established in 1881, is intended to provide as far as

106 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part I.

•

possible for sick persons who are able to pay wholly or
partially for their support. The accommodation is divided
into three classes, and the rates per week are fixed as fol-
lows : —

Class A, 10s. to 12s. per week.

Class B, 21s. to 25s. „

Class C, 2 to 5 guineas „

No patient suflfering from infectious disease, insanity, or
epileptic fits is admitted, and no patient is retained longer
than six weeks without a special certificate from the medical
staff. The above charges include medical attendance. A
form of application can be obtained on writing to the Secre-
tary.

Many years ago an establishment for gentlewomen during
temporary illness was set up at 90 Harley Street, and
probably no Institution has conferred greater benefits upon
the professional classes of the kingdom than this. Patients
are admitted on payment of from seventeen shillings and
sixpence to thirty-one shillings and sixpence a week,
inclusive of medical attendance and every requisite, accord-
ing to the number of patients in a room. This Institution,
though receiving payments, is not founded upon the self-
supporting system, and it is therefore in need of pecuniary
aid from those who have the means to support such Insti-
tutions. There is probably no establishment more worthy of
the support of the benevolent, and it is therefore strongly
commended to the support of every one who is interested
in relieving the sufferings of gentlewomen of moderate
means, who have been attacked by serious illness or disease,
or who may be suffering from an accident.

Several of the Special Hospitals admit paying patients,
and particulars of such Institutions will be found under their
respective heads. In the list following this notice will be

Part I.]

PAY HOSPITALS.

107

found the names of certain Institutions printed in italics.
It must be understood that Jbhese are private establishments,
not under the management of a committee or board of
directors, but conducted by private individuals, who own
them, and who conduct them on the same principle as that
adopted by hotel-keepers and others.

At many of the Convalescent Homes special accommodation at inci'eased rates of payment
exists for those who can attord to pay the same.

Place.

LONDON—
Belslze Park, N.W.

FItwoy Square, W.

OowerSt., No. 127,
W.C.

Hampstead, N.W....

Hampstead, South.

Barley St., No. 90,
W.

Kilbum, N.W.

New Bond St., No.

62.
St John's Wood,

N.W.

Wandsworth Com-
mon.

Westminster Bridge,
S.E.

Name of Uistltutlon and
exact address.

South Hampitead Private
Hospital. Erskine Lodge,
erimro$e Hill Road.

Home Hospitals Association.
Fltzroy House. See also
Appendix.

All Saints* Institution.

Home Hospital and Nursing
Institute. South Hill
Park. See also Appendix.

Invalid Home. 7 Alexandra
Road.

Establishment for Gentle-
women during temporary
Illness.

St Peter's Home. Mortimer
Road.

Home Hospital for the Well-
to-do.

St Helena Home and Nursing
Institution. 1 Grove End
Road, N.W. See also Ap-
pendix.

BoliuKbroke House. See also
Appendix.

St Thomas' Hospital. St.
Thomas' Home. See also
Appendix.

Terms of admission.

Apply to the Lady Superintendent.

£8. Zs, to £6. 6«. a week. Patients
are attended by their own medical
men. Acute cases pay 14 days,
chronic, 1 month, in advance. Epi-
leptics, lanatlcs, Incurabies, and in-
fectious cases Inadmissible.

For ladies of limited means. Sl«. %d. to
£3 Zs. a week. Average, £2. 2«.
Dispensed with in .special cases.
Apply to the lady in charge.

Class A. 10«. to \f>s. a week : Class B.
2U. to 25«. ; Class C. 2 to 8 guineas.

Ward patients, \bs. a week; pilvate,
2 guhieas to fi^ guineas a week;
permanent do , £100 to £150 a year.

17«. 6d. to 81 «. 6d. a week inclusive,
according to number in room. Ap-
ply to the Lady Supeilntendent.

See CONVALKSCKNT.

4 to 12 guineas a week.

£8, 5«. to £12, 12«. per week. Patients
are attended by their own doctor.
Nurses are also supplied.

Payment of £2. 2s. a week, or less,
according to ch'cumstances. Guar-
antee required. Incurables and
cases of infection, insanity, or fits
inadmissible.

8s. a day. Poor paying patients are
admitted to the general wards at 8«.
a day.

RHEUMATISM. See HYDROPATHIO ESTABLISHMENTS.

108 HIKTS IN SICKNESS. [Part I.

SICKNESS AT HOME.

(General and Provident Dispensaries.)

Under this heading will be found a list of all those Institu-
tions which provide medical attendance and medicine to
patients when confined to their own homes by illness or
accident Free and Provident Dispensaries constitute the
large majority of such institutions. The so-called Free
Dispensaries are of two classes — those which provide, as in
the case of Birmingham, medical attendance by means of
paid resident medical officers ; and those, as in the case of
Exeter, where the medical staff are honorary officers in prac-
tice in the town where the particular Institution is situated.
In both instances patients must obtain the recommendation
of a governor, every governor receiving five or six tickets for
each guinea subscribed. The rules provide, in both instances,
that every governor recpmmending a person as a patient
shall satisfy himself that *the person is a proper object for
charitable relief. In practice, however, especially in the
cases where the medical officers are paid (owing no doubt to
the fact that they hope some day to practise in the district
where the Dispensary is situated), these so-called General
Dispensaries are greatly abused. The existing abuse is often
increased by a rule which allows a governor to purchase
additional tickets on the payment of three shillings and six-
pence each. An unscrupulous person — and the writer has
known many instances of this — subscribes half a guinea to
such a charity, and then purchases as many tickets as he
may require for himself and his friends, for the benefit of
such members of their family as may fall ill from time to
time throughout the year. To obviate such an abuse the
rules of some Dispensaries, of which Exeter is an example,

Part L] GENERAL DISPENSARIES. 109

provide that no artizan, mechanic, or labourer who shall be
in receipt of eighteen shillings weekly or upwards, and no
person receiving parochial relief, or the wife or children of
any such person, shall be proper objects to be relieved by
these charities; but as peculiar cases may arise, it is com-
petent for a governor to recommend such cases, which are
brought before the next Weekly Committee for approval or
rejection.

At all the Dispensaries it is usual for urgent cases to be
admitted to relief on application to the physician or surgeon
of the day at his residence, or at the Institution, within cer-
tain specified hours ; and in the case of accidents patients are
usually admitted, without recommendation, by order of any
one of the medical officers. It is usual to limit the tickets
to six weeks, at the end of which time a patient is discharged
unless a further recommendation is procured. All patients
are discharged from time to time at the discretion of the
medical officers. Patients who absent themselves without
permission from the medical officer in attendance for a period
of one week or longer are discharged.

Some of these Dispensaries provide surgical appliances, and
in such cases tickets of recommendation may be used for the
supply of the instruments required, providing the value of
the tickets presented covers the cost of the appliances re-
quired. Patients are usually expected to pay one penny
for each small bottle or gallipot, and twopence for larger
ones ; but the money is, as a rule, returned to the patients if
the bottles or gallipots are brought back clean to the Insti-
tution. It is customary to strictly enforce a rule which pro-
vides that tickets must be delivered before half-past nine in
the morning, to ensure a visit from the doctor on the day of
application.

In connection with many of these Institutions are relief
funds, for meeting the cases of extreme wretchedness which

11 - HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt I.

often attend the disorders to which the poor are particu-
larly exposed. Such funds are of great value, since pure air
and good food are in many cases more, necessary than medi-
cines, and the funds enable the medical officers to secure a
supply of suitable food and other necessaries that they think
desirable for the recovery of the patients.

The Provident Dispensary differs from the General Dis-
pensary in its being founded with the object of enabling the
artizan class to secure medical attendance for themselves
and families when sick, by making small weekly payments
throughout the year. In other words, the scheme of the
Provident Dispensary is, as its name implies, to enable the
more thrifty members of the working classes to maintain
their independence, and not to be forced in a day of
sickness to receive alms by resorting to a charitable
Institution. Members usuallv consist of the industrious
classes, whether male or female, and their children, not re-
ceiving parish relief, and all other persons who are unable to
pay for medical advice in the usual way. In some places, as
at Battersea, there are two classes of members. Class "A**
being restricted to persons earning on an average not more
than thirty shillings per week; and Class *'B'* to persons
earning on an average more than thirty shillings but
not more than fifty shillings per week. Class " A " sub-
scribe one penny per week for each person above fourteen
years of age, and one halfpenny per week for each child
under that age, but no greater sum than fourpence per
week is required from any family, providing they reside to-
gether under the same roof. Class " B " pay twopence per
week for each person above, and one penny per week for each
child under fourteen years of age, and no greater sum than
eightpence per week is received from any single family. Of
course the amounts per week paid by the members vary accord-
ing to the district in which the Dispensary is situated; thus it

Part L] PROVIDENT DISPENSARIES. Ill

is usual for members in an agricultural district to pay less
than those who reside in a manufacturing town. At North-
ampton every member above fourteen years of age pays one
penny per week, and under that age one halfpenny per week,
but twopence a week is considered sufficient for a man, his
wife, and all their children under fourteen years of age. This
is the lowest scale received anywhere, and it is not unusual
to have a maximum charge of twopence per week for each
person above fourteen years of age, and sixpence a week for a
man and his wife and all children under fourteen years of
age. Domestic servants pay from five to ten shillings a year,
such payments being customarily made half-yearly; but a
man-servant being married and having a family is commonly
not considered as a domestic servant, though he is admissible
with his wife and children as an ordinary member, providing
their united earnings do not exceed a stipulated amount. In
the majority of instances members select their medical attend-
ants on joining the Dispensary, but they have the option of
changing him when making the annual payments. It is
usual to divide from two-thirds to the whole amount paid by
Aembers amongst the medical officers, after deducting pay-
ment for drugs and other Dispensary expenses.

Provident Dispensaries also undertake attendance upon
midwifery cases upon payment of from ten shillings to fifteen
shillings by members, and a further sum of ten shillings and
sixpence or six shillings, making together a fee of one guinea,
from honorary subscribers' contributions. In the majority
of these Dispensaries vaccination is undertaken on pa3rment
of a small fee, but in a few instances, ie,, Burton-on-Trent,
Forest Hill, Manchester and Salford, Northampton, Plymouth,
Wandsworth and Warwick, no fee is charged for the vaccina-
tion of members, their wives or families. Attendance upon
members is either given at the Dispensary during certain hours,
or at the surgeries of the various medical officers and at the

112

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

members* homes, the latter being the more general practice on
account of the great saving in the working expenses.
Medicines are included in the fees paid by members of Provi-
dent Dispensaries.

In addition to General and Provident Dispensaries there is
a further class of Institutions denominated — Amalgamated
Friendly Societies Medical Associations, which resemble
Provident Dispensaries in some particulars, but are distinct
from them and from General Dispensaries in the fact that they
have been established and are under the sole management of
working men.

At these Institutions the medical staff consists of paid
resident medical officers, but so far the success attending them
has not been exceptionally or wholly satisfactory, on account
of the difficulty experienced in securing the services of first-
class medical attendants, because members of the medical
profession do not like to place themselves under the control
of a committee of management composed exclusively of
artizans. Such Institutions are very deserving of encourage-
ment, and no doubt the objections attending the present
system of management might easily be removed by the addi-
tion of a few independent members, who should be drawn
from the honorary governors where there are such.

Town and county.

Abergavenny,

Mon.
Abingdon, Berks.

Accrington and
District, Lanes.

Acton. Middx

Adderbury,0xon.
AUerton, Lanes...
Altrincham.Ches.

Alvechurch,Worc,
Ancoats, Lanes....
Anerley, Surrey.
Angell Town, „
Anglesey

Dispensary.

Christ's Hospital Dispen-
sary.
Dispensary.

See London, W.
Dispensary.
See Wavertree.
Provident Dispensary and

Hospital
Provident Dispensary.
See Manchester.

„ London, S.£.

»J M S.W.

„ Bangor.

Town and county.

Ardwlck, Lanes...
Bakewell, Derby.

Bambro' Castle,
Morth'berland.
Banbmy, Oxon.
Bangor, Cam. ...

Barnard Castle,

Dur.
Bamsbury,Midd.
Bamsley, Yorks.

Barnstaple, Dev.

Name of Institution.

See Manchester.

Dispensaiy and Ljring-In
Institution.

Dispensary. (Lord Crewe's
Charity.)

Provident Dispensary.

Carnarvonshire and An-
glesey Inflimary and
Dispensary.

Dispensary.

See London, N.

Beckett Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

Barnstaple and N. Devon
Dispensary.

Pabt I.]

DISPENSARIES.

113

Town and county.

BaOi, Som.

Name of Institution.

If

If

^ »f »f ^

BatteneajSmrey.

Bedford, Beds

Belgrave, Middx.

Belvedere, Kent.

ff ff

Berwick,irhnmb.

Bethnal Green ...
Beverley, Yorks.

Bezley, Kent

Birkenhead, Cbes.

ff

ff

Blrmingbam,

Warwick.
Blackheath, Kent
Blooms trary,

Middz.
Bodmin, Com. ...

Bolton, Lanes. ...
Boston, Lines. ...
Bonmemoath,

Hants.
Bradford, Torks.
Brenchley, Kent
Brentford,Middx.
Bridgnorth, Salop
Bridlington,

Yorks.
Bridport, Dorset

BiA^tan, Sussex

Bristol, Glonc. ...
Brixton, Snrrey
Bromley, Kent...

Brompton,Middx.

Bnckhnrst Hill,
Essex.

Bnckland New-
ton DisL, Dorset

Bungay, Suffolk

Burton-on-Trent,
Staff.

Bury, Lanes

CalUngton, Corn.

Camberwell, Sur.

Camborne, Dorset

Camden Town,
Middx.

Canford, Great,
Dorset.

CanterbuxT, Kent

Cardiff Glam. ...

Eastern Dispensary.
Southern „
Western „

See London, S.W.
Provident Dispensary.
See London, S.W.
Dispensary.
See also Erith.
Dispensary and Infirmary.
See London, £. I

Dispy. & Cottage Hospital, j
Dispensary. {

St Paul's Road Dispensary. '
West Cheshire Provident

Dispensary.
General Dispensary.

See London, S.E.

Town and county.

n

ff

w.c.

East Cornwall Hospital

and Dispensary.
Iniinnary and Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
General Dispensary and

cottage Hospital.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
Dispensaiy.

Inflnnary and Dispensaiy.
Lloyd Cottage Hospital

and Dispensary.
Dispensary and Cottage

Hospital
Brighton, Hove, & Preston

Provident Dispensary.
Dispensaiy. Castle Green.
/Sed London, S.W.
General & Provident Dis-
pensary and Lying-in

Charity.
See London, S.W.
Medical Provident Society.

Provident Dispensary.

Public Dispensary.
Provident J)ispensary.

General Dispensary.

Dispensary.

/8e« London, S.E.

Dispensary.

See London, N.W.

Dispensary.

Dispensary.

Cai^liff, Glamorganshire,

and Monmonth Inflnnary

and Dispensary.

Carlisle, Cumb.
Carnarvonshire.

Catford

Charlton

Charlwood, Sur.

Chelmsford, Ess.
Chelsea, Middx.
Cheltenham, Glo.

Chesterfield,
Derby.

Chichester,
sex.

Sus-

Child's Hill

Childwall, Lanes.

Chiswick

Chorley, Lanes.
Chorlton, „
Clapham, Surrey.
Clare Market,Mid.
Clevedon, Twick-

enham,andWal-

ton, Som.
Clifton, Glouc. ...
Cookley & Wool-

verley, Wore.
Cornwall, East.
Coventry, Warw.
Cowes, West, I. of

Wight.
Crayford, Kent.
Crickhowell,

Breck.
Cripple gate, Mdx
Croydon, Surrey.
Darlington, Dur..
Dawlish, Devon..

Deal and Walmer,
Kent.

Denby

Deptford

Derby, Derby.....
Derbyshire, Nth.
Devizes, Wilts....

Name of Institution.

t>

Devon, North

Devonport,Devon

Doncaster, Yorks.

Dorchester,Dorset
Douglas

Dover, Kent

jDownton, Wilts..

Dispensary.
See Bangor.
See London, S.E.

Cottage Hospital and Dis>
pensary.

Infirmary and Dispensary.

See London.

General Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

Chesterfield and N. Derby-
shire Hospital and Dis-'
pensary.

West Sussex, East Hants,
and Chichester General
Infirmary and Dispen-
sary.

See London, N.W.

See Waveitree.

See London, S.W.

Dispensary.

See Manchester.

See London, S.W.
It ff W.C.

Dispensary.

ff

SeeBodrxdn.
Provident Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.

See Erith.
Dispensary.

See London, E.C.

Dispensary, High Street.

Hospital and Dispensary.

Dispensary.

See also Teignmouth.

Provident Dispensary,
Wellington Road, Deal.

Dispensary.

See London, S.E.

Provident Dispensary.

See Chesterfield.

North Wilts Dispensary.

Cottage Hospl. & Dispeny.

See Barnstaple.

Provident Dispensary con-
nected with Rojnal Albert
HospitaL

GenenJ Infirmary and
Dispensary.

Dispensary.

Isle of Man General Hos-
pital and Dispensary.

Hospital and Dispensary.

Provident Dispensary.

114

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county-

Dudley, Wore

Dulwich

Ealincr^

Eastbourne, Suss.

Edmonton

ERham, Surrey...
E|yrremont,Che8h.

Ely, Camb

Erdington, Warw,
Erlth, Kent

Essex, South

Exeter, Devon....
Exmouth, „

Eyton

Falmouthj'^Com. .

Finsbury

FolkestonejKent

Forest Hill

Flintshire

Freemantle,

Hants.

French

Frenchay, Glouc.

Frome, Som

Gainsborough,

Lines.
Gateshead, Dnr..

Gipsy HiU

Glamorganshire..

Gloucester

Grantham, Lines.
Gravesend, Kent.

Greenwich, „
Grinstead, £. Sus.

Hampstead

Ham, West

Hants, East

Hartlepool, Dur.

Hastings, Sussex.
Haverstock Hill.
Helston, Corn. ...

Hendon

Heme Hill

Hereford

Hexham, North-
umberland.

Highgate

HoUoway

Holywell, Flints.
Honiton, Devon.
Homcastle, Lines.
Homsey, M'ddx.

Hove, Sussex

Hull, Yorks

Name of Institution.

Dispensary.
See London.

„ ^ W.
Provident Dispensary.
See Tottenham.
Dispensary.
Wal asey Dispensary.
Dispensary.

»♦

Erith, Crayford, and Belve-
dere Cottage Hospital and
Provident Dispensary.

See London, £.

Dispensary.

See Wrockwardine.

Public Dispensary and
Humane Society.

See London, E.C.

Dispensary and Infir-
mary.

See London, S.E.

See HolywelL

Dispensary.

See London, W.C.
General Dispensary.
St. John's Dispensary.
Dispensary

See London, S.E
„ Cardiff.
Ftovident Dispensary.

Gravesend and Milton Dis-
pensary and Infirmary.
Royal Kent Dispensary.
General Dispensary.
<S«« London, N.W.

„ Chichester.
Hartlepool Hospital and

Dispensary.
Dispensary.
See Liondon, N.W.
Public Dispensary.
See London, N.W.
„ S.W.
Dispensary.

See London, N.W.

See London, N.

Flintshire Dispensary.

Provident DLNpensar>'.

Public Dispensary.

<S«0 London, N.
„ Brighton.

Hull and Sculcoates Dis-
pensary.

To^n and county

Hulme

Hythe, Kent

I Ironbridge, Salop.

I Islington, Middx.

I Jersey

Kensal Town,

Middx.
Kensington, „
Kentish Town, „
Kilbum, „

Kingsdown

Kingston-on-
Thames, Surrey.

»»

Knaresborough,

Yorks.
Ladjrwell, Kent.
Lambeth, S., Sur.
Lancaster, Lsncs.
Launceston, Com .

Leamington,
Warwick.

Ledbury, Herfd.

Leeds, Yorks

Leicester, Leics.

Leighton Buz-
zard, Beds.

Leominster, Her-
eford.

Lewes, Sussex.

Lewisham, Kent.

Leybum, Yorks.

Lichfield, Staff.

Lincoln, lines....

Litchurch, Derby

Liverpool, Lanes.

«« »»

M »»

»» 9t

LONDON and

Metropolis, N.

Bamsbury

HoUoway and
N. Islington.

Homsey

Islington

Islington and N.
London.

Stamford Hill...

Name of Institution.

See Manchester.
Dispensary.

See London, N.
Dispensary and Inflimary.
See London, W.

N.W.

Provident Dispensary.

M

Public Dispensary.
Dispensary.

See London, S.E.
„ S.W.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Launceston Infirmary and

Rowe Dispensary.
Provident Dispen8ar>'.

Dispensary.
Public Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.

Dispensary.

»i

Dispensary and Infirmary.
See London, S.E.
Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
General Dispensary.

North Dispensary. M
Vauxhall Road.

South Dispensary. 1 Upper
Parliament Street.

East Dispensary. 160
Richmond Row.

Ladies' Charity and Lying-
in Institution.

Seamen's Dispensary for
Venereal Diseases. See
Lock.

Provident Dispensary. 1
Richmond Road.

Dispensary. 484 Liver-
pool Road and Palmer
Place.

Dispensary.

., 303 Upper St.

Provident Dispensary. 58
Liverpool Road and 48
Durham Road.

St. Ann's Dispensary. St.
Ann's Road.

Part I.]

DISPENSARIES.

115

Town and county.

LONDON and
Metropolis, N.

Stamford Hill,
Stoke New-
Ington, Clap-
ton, W. Hack-
ney, Klngsland
and Dalston.
N.W.

Camden and
Kentliih Tnf...

Child's Hill

Hampstead

HaTerstock HI.

Hendon

Hlghgate

Kllburn

Kllbnrn, Maida
Vale, and St
John's Wood.

Lisson Grove...

Marylebone Rd.

Portland Town.

St John's Wood.

St Paneras

n

w.

Acton

Ealing

Foley St., No. 88
Golden Square.

Grosyenor Sq...

Kensington....

„ .....

Kensington^No.,

and KensalTn.

Marylebone

Netting Hill
and Shepherd's
Bash.

Paddington

Name and address of
Institution.

Town and county.

Name and address of
Institution.

Dispensary. Stoke New-
Ington and Clapton.

Soho.

Provident Dispensary. 363
Great College Street. ,

Provident Dispensary.
„ „ New End.

Provident Dispensary. 132
Maiden Road.

»» »»

Dispensary.

Provident Dispensary. Kil-

bum Park Road.
Dispensary. 18 Kilburn

Park Road.

Provident Dispensary.

Western General DIspy.

Free Dispy. Henry Street.

St John's Wood and Port-
land Town Provident j
Dispensary. 1 Hcns-
tridge Villas.

Central Paneras Provident
Dispensary. 120 Sey-
mour Street.

St Paneras and Northern
Dispy. 126 Euston Rd.

Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
Portland Dispensary.
St George and St James

Dispensary. 60 King St.
St G«orge (Hanover Sq.)

Provident Dispensary. 69

Mount Street.
London Self - Supporting

Dispy. 47 Church St.
Dispensary. 49 Church St
Dispensary. 43 Golborn

Koad.
Self-Supporting Provident

Dispensary. 13 Upper

Marylebone Sti*eet.
St Marylebone Creneral

Dispensary. 77 Welbeck

Street.
Provident Dispensary. 43

Portland Road.

Provident Dispensary. 104
Starr St., Edgware Rd.

St James and St Anne's.
78 Dean Street.

LONDON and

Metropolis, W.

Soho

Westboume.....

S.W.
Battersea

Brixton, Strei^
tham Hill,
Heme Hill,
Tulse Hill, and
Angell Town.

Brompton

»»

Chelsea, Bromp-
ton, and Bel-
grave.

Chlswlck and
TumhamGreen

Clapham

Lambeth, So.
Stockwell, and
No. Brixton.

Pimlico

1

II •••1

Wandsworth....
Westminster....

S.B.

Anerley

Blackfrlars

Blackheath

Borough

CamberwellGm

Charlton

Deptford and
New Cross.

Dulwich

Forest Hill

Greenwich

Ladywell

Norwood,Lower

Westminster General Dis-
pensary. GeiTard St.

Provident Dispy. '29 Went-
bourne Park Crescent

Provident Dispensary. 175

High Street.
Dispensary. Water Lane,

Brixton.

Provident Dispensar}'. 3

Queen Street.
Homcepathic Dispensary.

67 Fulham Road.
Dispensary. 41 Sloane Sq.

Dispensary.

General and Provident
Dispy. 42 Manor Street.

Dispensary. Wilkhison St.,
Albert Square, Clapham
Road.

Provident Medical Institu-
tion and Free Dispen-
sary. 20 Pimlico Road.

Royal Pimlico Dispy. 104
Buckingham Palace Rd.

St. Paul and St Barnabas
Provident Dispensary.
Ebury Street.

Provident Dispensary. 28
North Street.

Western Dispy.y Rochestei-
Row. Partly Provident,
partly Free.

Dispy. & Lying-In Charity.
Dispy., 186 Blackfrlars Rd.
Montpeller Vale Branch of

the Royal Kent Dispy.
Surrey Dlspensaiy. Great

Dover Street
Provident Dispensary.
Brch. of Royal Kent Dispy
Dispy., 472 New Cross Rd

Provident Dispensary.

f»

»»

Royal Kent Dlspensaiy.

Lcwisham, Ladj'well, and
Catford l*rovidentDispy.,
opposite Ladywell Statu.

Gipsy Hill and Upper Nor-
wood Dispensary. Gipsy
Road, Lower Norwood.

116

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

Town and county

LONDON and
Metropolis, S £
Penge

St George's Cro.
Waterloo

Woolwich

B
Bethnal Green..

London Docks..

Plaistow

Poplar

Shadwell

Spitalflelds

Stepney

Stratford

»» .........

Wtiitechapel

B.O.

Aldertigate St.,

164.
Bartholomew

Close.
Cripplegate

Finsbnry

Fleet St., 128 ...
Holbom

LeadenhaU St...

Watling St., 46

w.c.

Bloomsbury ....
Claremarket....

Corent Garden

Endell St, 47....
Longhboro\Leic8 .

Name and address of
Institation.

General Dispensary and j

Lying-in Charity. |

Provident Dispensary. i
Royal South L»>ndon Dispy.
South London Institute

for Medical Aid, 800

Waterloo Road.
Hare St. Branch of Royal

Kent Dispensary.

Queen Adelaide's Dispcn-

saiy. Pollard Row.
East LiOndon Provt. Assocn.

203 Bethnal Green Road

and 495 Commercial lid.
Seamen's Dispy. Well St.
Dispensary.
Association for Medical and

Surgical Attendance.
Medical Miss. 224 High St.
London Dispy. 21 Church

Street.
Towtr Hamlets Dispensy.

White Horse Street.
West Ham, Stratford, and

South Essex Dispensary.
Stratford le Bow Provi-

deni Dispensary.
Eastern Dispy., Leman St.

City Provident Dispy.

Royal General Dispy.

Metropolitan Dispensary.
9 Fore Street.

City of London and East
London Dispensary. 35
Wilson Street.

Finsbury Dispy. Brewer
St., Goswell Road.

Western City Dispensary.
Chemist, Mr Hancock.

Farringdon General Dispy.
and Lylng-In Charity. 17
Bartlett's Buildings.

Medical Aid Socy. (Provi-
dent, for Gentlewomen),
2 East India Avenue.

City Dispensary.

Dispy. 22 Bloomsbury St.
Public Dispy. 69 Stanhope

Street.
Metropolitan Provident

Medical Association. 24

Bedford Street.
London Medical Mission.
Infirmary and Dispensary.

Town and county,

Louth. Line

MaidaVale,Midd.
Malton, Yorks. ...
Malvern, Great,

Wore.
Malvei-n Wells,

Wore.
Manchester, Lane

»>

♦»

Market Harboro\

Leics.
Market Rasen,

Lines.
Marylebone, Mid.
Milton, Kent......

Minchhihampton,

Glouc.
Monkwearmouth

and Southwick,

*Dur.
Monmouth, Mon.

Monmouthshire.
Moi-petl^N'humb.
Moss Side, Lane.
Newark, Notts ...
Newbury, Berks.
Newcastle-on-

Tyne, N'humb.
Newport, Mon....
Newsham, Lanes.
Newton, Devon...

^, i» n

Northampton,

N'hpton.
I Northwich, Ches.
[ Norwich, N'fk. ...

I Norwood

j Nottingh'm,Notts

I )> n

! Netting Hill, Mid.

I Ormskirk, Lanes.
Oswestry, Salop
Ottery St Mary,

Devon.
Oxford, Oxon. ...

Paddington,Midd.
Pancras, St., „
Pembroke, Pemb.
Pendleton, Lanes.
Penge, Sun'ey ...

Name and address of
Institation.

Dispensary and Hospital.
See London, N.W.
Dispensary.
Dispensary.

Disi>ensary.

Royal Infirmary and Dispy.
Ardwick and Ancoats

Hospital and Dispen-
sary.
Chorlton, Rnsholme, and

Moss Side Dispensary.
Hulme Dispensary.
Manchester and Salford

Provident Dispensar}*.
Dispensary.

Cottage Hospital

Dispensary.
See London, N.W.
See Gravesend.
Dispensaiy.

Dispensary.

and

and

General Hospital

Dispensary.
See Cardiff.
Dispensary.
See Manchester.
Hospital and Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
Dispensary.

Infirmary and Dispenauy.

Dispeus^.

Cottage Hospital and

Dispensary.
See also Teignmonth.
Royal Victoria Provident

Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
Free and Provident Dispy.
JSee London, S.E.
Provident Dispensary.
Friendly Society's Medicsl

Institution.
See London, W.
Dispensary.
Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.

Medical Dispensary and
Lying-in Charity.

See London, W.
» ., N.W.

Dispensary and Infirmary.

See Salford.
„ London, S.E.

Part L]

DISPENSARIES.

117

Town and county. Name of Institation.

Penzance, Com.

Peterboro',
IThpton.
PimUco, Middz.

Plaistow

PlymouthfDevon.

Pontefract,Tork8.
Pordshead, Som.
Portland, Donet
Portland Town,

Mlddz.
Preston, Lanes...

„ Sussex.
Bamsgate, Kent.

Reading, Berks.
Retford, £., Notts.
Richmond^ Sun*.
„ Yorks.
Ripon, „

Rochdale, Lanes.
Rotherham, Y'ks.
Ragby, Warw.
Rugeley, Staff.
Rusholme, Lanes.
St Albans, Hei-ts.
St John's Wood,

Middz.
St Lawrence, Kent
St Marylebone,

Mlddz.
St Pancras, Middz
Salford, Lanes.

Salisbury, Wilts.
Sandgate, Kent.
Scarboro', Yorks.

Sculcoates, „
Seaforth, Lanes.
Selby, Yorks.
Shadwell, Mlddz.
Shedfleld, Yorks.
Sheffield, Hants.
Shields, Noith,

and Tjrneraouth,

Norththumb.
Shields, South,

and Westoe,

Durham.
Shrewsbury, Salp.
Soho, Middz.
Sonning, Berks.
Southampton,

Hants.

West Cornwall Infirmary

and Dispensary.
Infirmary and Dispensary.

See London, S.W.

Public Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.
General. Dispensary.
District Provident Society.
See Canford, Great.
„ London, N.W.

Amalgamated Friendly
Society's Provident Disp.

See Brighton.

Ramsgate and St Lawrence
Royal Dispensary.

Provident Dispensary.

Dispensary.

Richmond Dispensary.

It »>

Dispensary and House of

Recovery.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Hospital and Dispensary.
Provident Dispensary.

See Manchester.
Hospital and Dispensary.
See London, N.W.

„ Ramsgate.
„ London, W.

brd

N.W.
and Pendleton
Royal Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

Provident Dispensary.

Dispensary.

Dispensary and Accident
Hospital.

See Hull.

Dispensary.

Brooke's Dispensary.

See London, E.

Public Hospital and Disp.

Cottage Hospital and Disp.

Dispensary.

Ingham Infirmary, and

South Shields and Westoe

Dispensary.
Dispensary.
See London, W.
Dispensary.
DIspy., Provident Medical

Institution, and Humane

Society.

Town and county.

Southport, Lanes.
South wick, Dur.
South wold, Suff.
Spalding, Lines.
Spltalfields. Midd.
Stamford Hill, „
Stepney, „

Stockton-on-Tees,

Durham.
Stony Stratford,

Bucks.
Stourbridge, Wore.
Stratford, Essez.
Streatham, Surr.
Suffolk

Surrey

Sussez, West

Swansea, Glam.
Tavistock, Devon.
Telgnmouth, „

Tenbury, Wore.
Tetbury, Glouc.
Tewkesbury „
Tickenham, Som.
Tiverton, Devon.
Torquay, „

Tottenham, Midd.

Ti-uro, Com

Tulse Hill, Suit.
Tunbridge Wells,
Kent.

>t n

Tumham Green,

Midd.
Tjrnemouth,

N'humb.
Wakefield, Yorks.

Walker, N'humb.
Wallasay, Ches...
Walmer, Kent ...
WaltJiam8tow,Es.

Walton, Som

Wandsworth,Sur.
Warrington, Lan.
Warwick, War.

Waterloo, Lanes.

„ Surrey.

Wavertree, Lane.

Wellington, Sal.
Welshpool, Mont.

Westminster

Westoe, Durham

Name of Institution.

Infinnaiy and Local Disp.

See Monkwearmouth.

Dispensary.

Infirmary and Dispensary.

See London, E.

«» » ^*
»» >. E.
Disi>ensary.

Provident Dispensary.

Dispensary.

See London, E.
„ „ S.W.

County Club Provident
Dispensary.

Dispy. See London, S.E.

See Chichester.

Provident Dispensary.

Public Dispensary.

Teignmouth, DawUsh, and
Newton Infirmary, Dis-
pensary and Convales-
cent Home.

Dispensary.

»»

See Clevedon.

Infirmary and Dispensay.

Torbay Hospital and Pro-
vident DispensHry.

Tottenham and Edmonton
General Dispensary .^

Dispensary.

See London, S.W.

Dispensary and Infirmary.

Provident Dispensary.
See London, S.W.

See Shields, North.

General Dispensary. Sfe

Clayton Hospital.
Dispensary.
See Egremont

„ Deal.
Dispensaiy.
See Clevedon.

„ London, S.W.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Dispensary and Cottage

Hospital.
Dispensary.
See London, S.E.
Wavertree, Childwall, and

Allerton Dispensaiy.
Dispensary.

See London, S.W. and W.
„ Shields, South.

UN

I1INT8 IN SICKNESS.

[PawL

Ihwh HW\ NhiiUy, Nmimm iff liiMtllutlon. > Town and county.

WlilMiy, ViMkR...

tlnNiilInt Nttd DlNpnnNnry.
iMttitIo DUttvnNftry.

fItHt tillllllUII, K,

lto>Hl Altitii't KdwAvtt In-
\\\\^tk\ hU^t. nuU InAnunry.

\Vool«M', N'liumb.
Wctolton, Lanes..
\V«M)horloy, Wor.
Woolwich, Kent..
Worcestw, Wor...

Workington,
Cutnlivrlant).

NVork»o|». Notta...

WortUlnK Sus....

\Vw^kw(nt\lne A
Kyton. Salop.

Name of Institotloa.

Dispensary.

See Cookley.

„ London, S.E.
Dispensary and Provident

Medical Institution.
Dispensary.

General Dispenaaiy.
' Infirmary and Dispensary.
Dispensary.

Pabt I. ) HOSPITALS. 119

SICKNESS IN HOSPITAL.

*

(General Hospitals and Infirmaries and Cottage Hospitals.)

Under this heading have been grouped all the General Hos-
pitals and Infirmaries and all Cottage Hospitals to be found
anywhere in England and Wales. By the term "general"
is meant Hospitals which provide for cases of accident and
ordinary disease, and which in many instances admit special
diseases also, but no Hospital is included in the list which is
established for the treatment of one special disease alone. It
has, however, been thought desirable to exclude from this list
Pay Hospitals, that, is to say Hospitals which provide accommo-
dation for those who are able to pay for their treatment when
in Hospital, and which do not admit non-paying cases. A
full description of these Institutions will be found under the
head of " Pay Hospitals " on pages 101-7.

The majority of General Hospitals are established upon
what is known as the ticket system, which provides that
patients, except when suffering from accident or sudden and
severe illness, cannot be admitted without the production of
an in-patient ticket signed by one of the governors; These
tickets are supplied to subscribers in the proportion of one
in-patient ticket for every two guineas subscribed, or for every
donation of twenty guineas in one sum. The practice of ad-
mission varies, however, at different Hospitals. Thus at the
country Hospitals, each applicant for admission is obliged to
present himself before the medical staff on a given day with
an in-patient letter obtained from one of the subscribers to the
charity. The Committee are generally empowered by their
rules to grant admission to any serious case that may be
unable to procure a letter of recommendation, providing the
medical staff recommend such a course ; but this privilege is

m

120 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pakt I.

very rarely exercised, and the delay in procuring a ticket not
unfrequently entails upon the applicant an amount of un-
necessary suffering which ought to secure an immediate
reconsideration and amendment of the existing system. In
London and in the larger towns, especially if Medical Schools
are attached to the Hospitals, it has become the practice to
practically suspend the ticket system, and to select the in-
patients from the applicants according to the comparative
urgency of the case alone. In a few instances the Hospitals
are entirely free, and all applicants who apply at the
Hospital are treated upon their medical or surgical merits,
and are relegated to the in- or out- patient department accord-
ing to the requirements of each case.

At the Cottage Hospitals, it has become the custom to afford
the patients the privilege of paying something, however small,
towards the expense of their maintenance in the Hospital.
The sums given by the patients vary according to their means,
from eighteen pence to one guinea per week, and in the
aggregate the patients at two hundred and fifty Cottage
Hospitals contribute one-sixth of the whole income, or a
sum approaching £30,000 every year. This system of
small payments by patients who are willing to maintain
their independence to the utmost of their ability has been
attended in practice with the most excellent results, and the
time is approaching when there can be little doubt that every
Hospital in this country will afford every patient who seeks
admission to its wards an opportunity of contributing accord-
ing to his means for the benefits he receives. Any person
desiring admission to a particular Hospital will find it the
simplest and best course to address a letter to the Secretary,
asking him to be good enough to forward a copy of the last
report with a list of the subscribers, which will afford all the
information that is required. It may be useful to add
that certain cases are ineligible, and will not be admitted to

Part I.]

HOSPITALS.

121

any, of the general Hospitals. For examples may be men-
tioned, chronic cases, i.e., those complaints which are deemed
likely to be so tedious to cure as to preclude the admis-
sion of cases of more urgent disease ; cases which, after ex-
amination, are deemed incurable, and are not likely to receive
considerable permanent relief ; cases which require food and
not medicine, and which are more properly objects of parochial
relief; cases which are likely to be aggravated rather than
relieved by a residence in a General Hospital, amongst which
may be mentioned asthma, advanced cases of consumption,
and other diseases ; cases which are equally capable of relief
as out-patients ; cases of small-pox and other infectious dis-
ease, lunatics, epileptics, and other patients which are deemed
dangerous to the other inmates, and for the treatment of which
no suitable accommodation exists.

Town and county.

Aberdare, Glam..
AlMryttwith, Car.

Abingdon, Berks.

Alnwlck^bomb.

Alton, Hants

Altrlncham,Ches.

Amlwch, Angl....
Ancoatfl, Lanes...
Andover, Hants.

Anglesey

Ardwlck, Lanes..
Ashbnrton and

Buckfastleigh,

Devon.
Ashton - under -

Lyne, Lanes.
Atlas

Aylesbury ,Bueks.
Banbury, Oxen...
Bangor, Cam ....

Bamsley, lorks.

Name of Institution.

Cottage Hospital.
Aberystwith Infirmary and

Cardiganshire Genera]

Hospital.
Christ's Hospital Dispen-

sary.
Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital.

Provident Dispensary and

Hospital.
Dinorben Cottage Hospital
See Manchester.
Cottage Hospital.
See Amlwch and Bangor.
„ Manchester.
Cottage Hospital.

District Infirmary.

Hospital Ship. See Dept- :
foi-d. I

Bucks General Infirmary.

Horton Inflmary.

Carnarvonshire and Ang-
lesey Infirmary and Dis-
pensary.

Penrhjm Quarry Hospital.

Beckett Hospital and Dis- 1
pensary.

Town and county.

Barnstaple, Dev..
Barrow - in - Fur-
ness. Lanes.

Barton - under -
Needwood, Staf .

Bath, Som

Beeele!*, SufT

Beekenham,Kent
Bedford, Beds. ...
„ South...
Bilvedere, Kent.
Berkeley, Glouc.

Berks

Berwick.N'humb.
Beverley, Yorks.

Bideford, Devon.

Birkenhead,Ches.

»» »i

Birmingham,War.

»i »»

Dishopwearm'th,

Dur.
Blackburn, Lanes.

Bodmin, Com

Name of Institution.

North Devon Infirmary.
North Lonsdale Hospital.

Cottage Hospital.

Royal United HospiUl.
Cottage Hospital.

i» It

General Infirmary.
See Hitchin.
„ Erith.
Cottage Hospital. See Con-

VALE8CKNT.

See lieading.

Dispensary and Infirmary.
Dispensary and Cottage

Hospital.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Cottage Hospital.
Borough Hospital.
Wirral Hospital.
Borough Hospital.
General „
Queen's „
See Sunderland.

Blackburn and East Lanea-

sldi'e Infirmary.
East Cornwall Hospital

and Dispensary.

122

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pakt I.

Town and county. • Name of Institution.

Bolton, Lanes

Bookham, Great,
Yorks.

Bootl^ Lanes

Boscombe, Hants.

Boston^ Lines. ...

Bournemouth,
Hants.

Bonrton-on-the-
Water, Glouc.

Bovey Tracy ,DeT.

Brackley, North-
ampton.

Bradford, Yorks.

Braintree, Essex.

Brecknock, Brec.

Bridgnorth, Sal.
BrIrtjfwater,Som.
Bridlington, Yks.

Bridport, Dorset.

Brighton, Sussex.
Bristol, Qloac

♦I It

Bromley, Kent....

Broms^ye

Bromwich, West,

Staff.
Br<Hnyard,Herfd.
Brotton, Yorks...

Buekfastleigh

Buckhurst Hill,

Essex.

Bucks

Burfoi-d, Oxon ...

„ Salop ...

Burton-on-Trent,

Staff.
Bury St Edmunds,

Suffk.
Buxton, Derby ...

Cambridiire, Cam.
Cambridgeshire.
Canterbury,Kent.

Capel, Surrey

Cardiff, Glam. ...

Cardiganshire ...
Carlisle, Cumbs.
Carmarthen, Car.
Carnarvonshire.
Chalfont St Peter,

Bucks.
Charlton, Wilta...
Charlwood, Sm*.

Infli-mary and Dispensary.
Cottage Hospital.

Borough Hospital.
Provident Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital.
General Dispensary and

Cottage Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

i Town and county.

55

11

Infirmary and Dispensary.

Cottage Hospital.

County and Borough Gene-
ral Infirmary.

Infirmary and Dispensaiy.

Infirmary.

Lloyd Cottage Hospital
and Dispensary.

Dispensaiy and Cottage
Hospital.

Sussex County Hospital.

General Hospital.

Royal Infirmary.

Cottage Hospital.

w

District Hospital.

Cottage Hospital.

»» 11

See Ashbuilon.
Cottage Hospital.

See Aylesbury.
Cottage Hospital.

Initan..7. "

Suffolk General Hospital.

Devonshire Hospital. See
Hydropathic.

^ddenbrooke's Hospital.

See Wisbeach.

Kent and Canterbury Hos-
pital.

Cottage Hospital.

Cardiff, Glamorganshire,
and Monmouthshire In-
firmary and Dispensary.

See Aberystwith.

Cumberland Inflnnary.

CaiTOarthenshlre Infiry.

See Bangor.

Cottage Hospital.

Cottage Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

Charmouth, Dors.
Chatham, Kent.
Chelmsford, Ess.
Cheltenham,

Glouc.
Chesham, Bucks.

Chester, Ches

Chesterfield,

Derby.

Chichester, Suss.

Chumleigh, Dev.
Cirencester, Glo's.
Clayton, Yorks...

>i «» •••
Clearwell, Glouc.
Clevedon, Som...
Colchester, Essex
Congleton, Ches.
Cornwall

„ ]i<ast ...

„ west ...

•t n

(Miners).
Coventry, Wai-w.

Cranleigh, Sussex
Crayford, Kent...
Crewkeme. Som.
Cromer, N'folk...
Croydon, Surrey

Cumberland

„ West
Darlington,Durh.

Dawllsh, Devon...

Deal, Kent

Denbigh, Denb...

Denham, Bucks...
Deptford, Kent...
Derby, Derby. ...

Derbyshlre,North
Devizes, Wilts ...

Devon

„ North

„ South

Devonport,Devon

Dewsbury, Yorks.

Ditchlnghani,

N'folk.
Doncaster, Yorks.

Name of Institution.

Cottage Hospital.

St. Bartholomew's Hospital

Infii-mary and Dispensary.

General Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

Cottage HospitaL

General Infirmary.

Chesterfield and North
Derbyshire Hospital and
Dispensary.

West Sussex, East Hants,
and Chichester General
Infirmary and Dispy.

Cottage HospitaL

Clayton Hospital A Wake-
field General Dispensary.
Cottage Hospital

w

1»

Essex and Colchester Hosp.
Cottage HospitaL
See Truro.

„ Bodmin and PiTmoiitb.

„ Penzance.

„ Redruth.

Coventry and Warwick-
shire Hospital.
Cottage HospitaL
See Erith.
Cottage Hospital.

General Hospital.
See Carlisle.

„ Whitehaven.
Darlington Hospital and

Dispensary.
Cottage Hospital.
See also Teignmonth.
Cottage Hospital.
Denbighshire laflrmary

and General Dispensary.
See Iver.

„ London, S.E.
Derbyshire General Infir-
mary.
See Chesterfield.
Cottage Hospital and

Dispensary.
See Exeter.

„ Barnstaple.

„ Plymouth.
Royal Albert Hospital and

Provident Dispensary.
Dewsbury and District

General Infirmary.
All Hallows Country Hosp.

General Infirmary and
Dispensary.

PaktL]

HOSPITALS.

123

Town and eonnty.i Name ot Instttotion. Town and county. Name of Instlttition

Dorchester, Dora.
Dorking, Surrey
l^mglaa, L of M.

Dover, Kent

DowIiUa, Glam....
Driffield. Torka...
Dndley, Wore. ...
Diuutter, Som. ...

Duiliam, Dor.

Ealing, Mlddz. ...
Eiiham, Surrey...

Elleamere

Enfield

Epaom and Ewell
Erltii, Kent

Essex

EweU

Exeter, Devon....
Fairfbrd, Glouc...
Festfniog, Mer ...
Folkestone, Kent

Foston, Staff.

Fowey, Com.

French.

Fronie, Som

Germans

Glamorganshire
Gloacester,Gloac.
Gosport, Hants...
Grantham, Lines.
Gravesend, Kent.

Grimsby, Lines...
Grinsteady East,

Snssex.
Gnisborongh, Tks.

Halifax, Yks

Hambrook,GIoac.

Hampshire

„ East...

„ South..

Harrogate, Yks...

Harrow - on - the

Hill, Middx.
Hartlepool, Dur..

Uartshill, Staff...

Hasthigs, Sussex.

Hatfield Broad
Oak, Herts.

Haverfordwest,
Pemb.

Hayes, Middx....

Hemel Hemp-
stead, Heits.

Dorset County Hospital.

Cottage Hospital.

Isle of Man General Hoep.

and DispanstLry.
Hospital and Dispensary-
Cottage Hospital.
Surgical HuspitaL
Cottage Hospital.
Guest HospitaL
Cottage Hospital.
County Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

»» »t

See Oswestry.

Cottage Hospital

Erlth, Crayford, and Bel-
vedere Cottage Hospital
and Provident Dispy.

See Colchester.
„ Epsom.

Devonand Exeter Hospital.

Rural HospitiU.

Oakley's Hospital. |

Dispensary and Infirmary.

Cottage Hospital.

See FoRXiOMESS.
Cottage Hospital
See FoREioKKBS.
„ Carditt.
General Infirmar>'.
See Portsmouth.
Grantham Hospital
Gravcsend and Milton Dis-
pensary and Infirmary.
i Grimsby and District Hosp.
Cottage Hospital.

Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital.
See Winchester.

„ Chichester.

., Southampton.
{ Cottage Hospital.

i»

Hereford. Herefd.
Hertford. Herts...

Herts, North

*. West

HUlingdon

Hilston, Herefd.
Uitchin, Herts....

Homesdale, Kent.
IIudden>fldd,Yk8.

Mull, Yks

Hungarians

Huntingdon,

Hunts,
llfracombe Tyr- ;

rell Devon.
Ipswich, Suff..

General Infirm^r}'.

See Uitchin. "

„ Hemel Hempstead.
CotUge Hospital.

North

Herts

and

Beds. Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital,
infirmary.
General Infirmar}'.

<S<« FOKEIONBRS.

Comity Hospital.
Cottage Hospital

South

Italians

Iver, Bucks..

Jarrow, Dur

Keighley, Yks....
Kendal, Wmorl'd
Kent

„ West

Kiddenninster,

Wore.
Khig'sLynn,Kfk.

Lancashire.

East...

lloi'tlepools Hospital and
Dispensary.

North StaffordsWre Infir-
mary.

East Sussex, Hastings, and

St Leonards Infirmary.
, Cottage Hospital.

i Pembrokeshh-e and Haver-
fordwest Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital.
West Herts Infirmary,

Lancaster, Lanes.

Langley

Launceston, Com.

Leamington, Wk,

Ledbury, Herefd.

Leeds, Yks

Leek, Stafford

Leicester, Leics...
Lewes, Sussex....
Lincoln, Lines....
Litcliam, Norf'k.
Littlehampton,

Sussex.
Liverpool, Lanes.

»> «

11 »>

Llandrindod

Wells, Radnor.
Llangollen, Denb.
LONDON and

Metropolis, N.

Caledonian Kd.

Mildmay Road,
122.

I East Suffolk and Ipswich

I Hospital.

' See FoKBiONERS.

Iver, Langley, and Den-
ham Cottage Hospital.

Memorial Hospital.

Cottage Hospital.

>« f»

See Canterbury.
„ Maidstone.
Infirmary.

West Norfolk and Lynn

Hospital.
See Preston.

., Blackburn.
Inflrmaiy and Dispen-
sary.
See Iver.
Launceston Infirmary and

Rowe Dispensary.
Waraefoi'd, Leamington,
and South Warwlckshh'e
Hosp tal
i Cottage Hospital.
I General Infiraiary.
I Cottage Hospital.
Infirmary.

Dispensary and Infirmary.
County Hospital.
I Cottage Hospital.
'. St Mary's Cottage Hosp.

' Northern Hospital.
' Royal Infirmary.
, Royal Southern Hospital.
j Stanley Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

>•

»»

Great Northern Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

124

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

Town and comity.

LONDON and Me-

tropoltf, N.W.

Hampstead Rd.

W.
Hamersm*th Rd.
Kentlah Tn Rd
Margaret St. No.
82.
Oxford Sti-eet.

S.W.

Paddington....

Name and address of
Institution.

Town and county.

Brompton.

Hyde Park Cor-
ner.
Wandsworth....

Westminster....

8.E.

Borough

Deptford

Greenwich

Lambeth

B.

Bethnal Green.

Biackwall ,

Commercial St.
Mile End

E C

Smithfield.West

W.C.

Charing Cross.

Gower Street...

Gray's Inn Rd.

Ormond Street,
Great, No. 47.

Strand

Longton, Staff...
Loughborough,

Leicester.
Louth, Line

London Temperance Hosp.

West London Hospital.
North-West London Hosp.
All Saints Home.

Middlesex Hosp. Bemers
St. Se* also Appendix.

St. Mary's Hospital Cam-
bridge Place.
St. Raphael Hospital for

Men (Roman Catholics).

3 Sidney St , Fulham Rd.
St. George's Hospital See

also Appendix,
Provident Hospital. See

Pat Hospitals.
Westminster Hospital.

Broad Sunctuary. See

also Appendix.

Guy's Hosp. St. Thomas St.
Atlas Hospital Ship.
Seamen's Hospital Society.

See also Appendix.
St. Thomas' Hosp., Albert

Embankment.

Medical Mission. Tur-

ville Street.
Poplar Hosp. for Accidents.
Metropolitan Free Hosp.
London Hospital. See also

Appendix.

Lowestoft, Suff...

Luton, Beds

Lyme Regis,Dors.
Lynn, Norfolk....
Lynton District,

Devon.
Lytham, Lanes...
Macclesfield,Ches.
Maidenhead, B'ks.
Maidstone, Kent.

Malvern, Wore...
Manchester,Lanc.

Bartholomew's Hospital.

Charing Cross Hospital.
University College Hosp.
Royal Free Hospital.
St John and St. Elizabeth's

Hospital.
King's College Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.
Infirmary and Dispensary

Dispensaiy and Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.
Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

See King's Lynn.
Cottage Hospital.

General Inflimary.

Cottage Hospital.

West Kent Cfeneral Hosp.

«

>»

Name and address of
Institution.

Mansfield Wood-
house, Notts.

Margate, Kent...

Market Rasen,
Unc.

Melksham, Wilts.

Middlesbro'-on-
Tees, Yorks.

Mildenhall, Suff..

Milton, Kent

Milton Abbas,
Dorset

Miners' Hospitals

Mold, Flint

Monmouth

Monmouthshire...

Montgomeiyshire.

Moreton-in-the-
Marsh, Glouc.

Mountsorrel, Leic.

Newark, Notts....

Newc'tle-on-Tyne

Newlck, Suss

Newport, Mon

Newton, Devon...

n

Newtown, Montg.

Northallerton,

Yks.
Northampton,

N'hpton.
Noi-wich, Norfolk
Nott'ghara,Notts.
Oldham, Lanes...
Ormesby, North,

YIts.
Oswestry, Salop...

Ottery St. Maiy,
Devon.

Oxford, Oxon

Oxllnch

Paulton,Som

Pembioke, Pem..
Pembrokeshire...
Pendleton, Lanes.
Penrhyn, Camv.
Penzance, Com...

Peterboro',Nhpt.

Rural Hospital.

General Hospital. Pendle-
bury and Gartside St .

Northern Counties Hos-
pital. Ardwick Green
and Mauldeth Hall.

Royal Infinnary and Disp.

Ardwick and Ancoats
Hospital and Dispensary.

Cottage Hospital.

Cottage Hospital and Disp.

Cottage Hospital.
North Riding Infirmary.

Cottsge Hospital.
See Gi-avesend.
Cottage Hospital.

See Bangor and Redruth.
Cottage Hospital.
General Hospital and Dis.
See Cardiff.
,, Newtown.
Cottage Hospital.

Hospital and Dispensary.
Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Cottage Hosp. and Disp.
See also Teignmouth.
Montgomeryshire Infir-
mary.
Cottage Hospital.

General Infirmary.

Norfolk and Norwich Hosp.
General Hospital.
Infinnary.
Cottage Hospital.

Oswestiy and EUesmere

Cottage Hospital.
Paxford House Cottage

Hospital.
Radcliffe Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital. See

Convalescent.
Cottage Hospital.
Dispensary and Infirmary.
See Haverfordwest

„ Salford.

„ Bangor.
West Cornwall Infirmary

and Dispensary.
Infiimary and Dispensary.

PabtL]

HOSPITALS.

125

Town tnd county.' Name of Institution.

Petenfield, Hants.
Petwwth, Sussex
Plymouth, Dot...

Portsea, Hants...
Poitsmouthf „ ...

Preston, Lanes...

Pnrton,WUts

Bamsgate, Kent..
Reading, Berks...
Redruth, Com...

ReiMte and Red-
hffl, Surrey.

Richmond, Snrr.

Richmond, Tks...

Roclidale, Lanes.

Ross, Herefd

Rotherham, Ylu.

Royston, Herts...

Rnkbon, Denb...

Rudham East,
Norfolk.

Rugby, Warw. ...

Rugeley, Staff....

Rutland

Saflh>n Walden,

Essex.
StAlhans, Herts.
St. Helens, Lanes.
St Leonard's, Sus.
Salford, Lanes. ...

Salishury.Wilts...
Savemake, „ ...
Scarboro', Vks. ...

Seacombe,Che8h.
Seafortli, Lanes...

Seaham Harbor,

Durham.
Shaftesbury, Dor.
ShedfleM, near

Botley, Hants.
Sheffield, Yks. ...

i>

n

Shepton Mallet,

Som.
Sherborne, Dor...
Sherbum, near

Durham, Dor.
Shields, South,

and Westoe,

Dur

Shipley, Tks

Shrewsbury, Sal.

Cottage Hospital.
Cottage HospitaL
South Devon and East

Cornwall Hospital
See Portsmouth.
Royal Port8month,Portsea,

and Gosport Hospital.
Preston and Co. of L.anca8-

ter Royal Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital
Seamen's Infirmary.
Royal Berkshire Hospital.
West Cornwall Miners*

Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

Richmond Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Cottage Hospital.
Hospital and Dispensary.
Cottage Hospital.
Accident HospitaL
Cottage Hospital.

Hospital.
Cottage Hospital.

See Stamford.
Cottage Hospital.

Town and county.; Name of Institution.

I —

Sidmouth, Devon.

Somerset

Southampton,

Hants.
Southport, Lanes.
Spalding, Lines...

Speen, Berks

Stafford, Staff.....
Staffordshire

Stamford, Lines..

Infirmary.
See Taunton.

Royal South Hants In-
firmary.
Inflrmaiy A Local Dispy.
Infirmary and Dispensary.
Johnson Hospital.
Cottage HospitaL
SUff'dshire General Infir.
See also Hartshill and

Wolverhampton.
SUmford, Rutland, and
. General Infirmary.
; Stapleford, Notts. Cottage Hospital.
Stockt'n-on-Tees, , Stockton Hospital.
. Dur.
! Stony Stratford, Cottage HospitaL

Bucks.
' Stratford - on -
Avon, Warw.
Stratton, Com....

Stroud, Glouc

Sudbury, Middx.
„ Suffk.

Suffolk...

„ East

Sunderland, Dur.

Surbiton, Sur.
Surrey ,

I, Sussex..

Hospital and Dispensary.

Cottage HospitaL

See Hastings.

Salford and Pendleton „ East

Royal Hospital and Dls- : „ West

Gcnei-al Infirmary. ;, Swansea, Glam ...

Hospital. I Swindon, New,

Dispensary and Accident! Wilts.

Hospital. I Teddington, Mid.

»»
General

Cottage

Cottage HospitaL
Dispensary and Cottage

Hospital.
Infirmary.

Cottage Hospital.

Cottage Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

General Infirmary.

Public Hospital and Dis-
pensary.

District Cottage Hospital.

Yeatman HospitaL
HospitaL

Ingham Infirmary and
South Shields and Westoe
Dispensary.

Infirmary.

Salop Infirmary.

Teignmouth,
Devon.

St Leonard's HospitaL
See Bury St Edmunds.

,, Ipswich.
Cfottage HospitaL
Sunderland and Bishop-

wearmouth Infirmary.
Cottage Hospital.
County Hospital. See

Guildford.
See Brighton.

„ Hastings.

„ Chichester.
HospitaL
Cottage Hospital.

„ . M If

Teignmouth, Dawlish, and
Newton Infirmy., Dispy.,
I and Convalescent Home.
Tenbury, Salop... 'Cottage Hospital.

Tenby, Pemb „ „

Tetbury, Glouc. . „ „

Tewkesbury, „ Rtrnd „

Tiverton, Devon .
Torquay,

>i

Tottenham, Mldd.
Trowb'dge, Wilts

Traro, Com

Tunbridge Wells,
Kent

Twlckenham,Mid.
Ulverstone, Lane.

Wakefield, Yorks.

Rural

Infirraaiy and Dispensary
Torbay Hospital and Pro-
vident Dispensary.
Training Hospital.
Cottage „
Royal Cornwall Inflrmaf)'.
Dispensary and Inflraiary.

Cottage Hospital.
St John's HospitaL
Ulverstone and District

Cottage Hospital.
General Dispensary. See

Clayton Hospital.

126

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part I.

Town and county.

Name of Institution.

Town and county.

Name of Institution.

Wakefield, Yorka.

Cottage Hospital.

Wimbledon, Suit.

CottAge Hospital.

Walker, ITliumb.

n M

Winchester,

Royal Hants Coy. HospitaL

"Wallasey, Chesh.

n 1)

Hants.

Walsall, Staff.

*i n

Windsor, Berks..

Royal Disp. and Infirmary.

Wandsworth, Sur.

See London, S.W.

Wirral, Chesh....

See Birkenhead.

Warminster,

Cottage Hospital.

Wirksworth,

Cottage Hospital.

Wilts.

Derby.

\

Wamf oi-d, Warw.

See Leamington.

Wisbeacb, Camb.

Nth. Cambridgeshire Hosp.

Warrington, Lan.

Infirmary and Dispensary.

?» ti

Cottage Hospital.

Warwick, Warw..

Dispy. and Cottage Hospl.

Wolverhampton,

Wolverhampton and Staf-

ti f>

See Coventry.

Staff.

fordshire General Hosp.

„ South..

„ Leamington.

Woodford, Essex.

Cottage Hospital.

WatIlngton,Oxon.

Cottage Hospital.

Woodhall Spa

See Htdropathic.

Wells, Som

See London, S.W.

Worcester, Wore.

General Infirmary.

Westmin'r, Midx.

Worksop, Notts...

Cottage Hospital

Westoe, Dur.

„ Shields, South.

Worthing, Suss...

Infirmary and Dispensary.

Weston - super-

Hospital aud Dispensary.

Wrexham, Denb.

Infirmary.

roare, Som.

Wrington, Som.

Cottage Hospital.

Weybread, Suff.

Cottage Hospital.

Wycomb, High,

»l M

Weymouth, Dor.

Royal Hospital.

Bucks.

Whitehaven,

Wliltahaven and West

Yai-mouth, Great,

HospitaU

Cumb.

Cumbs. Infirmary.

Norfolk.

Wigan, Lanes

Royal Albert Edward

Yate, Glouc

Cottage Hospital.

Infirmary and Dispy.

Yeovil, Som

i« »»

Wight, Isle of

See Kyde.

York, Yorks

County Hospital.

Willlngham, | Reynard Cottage Hospital.

Yorkshire, North.

See Middlesbro'.

Lines.

1
1

Yoxall, Staff.

Cottage Hospital.

Part I.]

SKIN DISEASES.

12:

SKIN, DISEASES OF.

Some of the see-btthlng ettabUahmente, •jg. Margate, gire tpecial attention to tcrofiilouH
pacienta.

Those marked thna (*) are certified bjr the LfOcal Qovernmcnt Boa;d under the Art 93
and 26 Viet, cap. 43.

Town and coontj.

AmpthQl, Beds..
Bath, Som.

Blrmlngiham, Wanr.
Brighton, Sussex....
Leeds, Tories

Llrerpool, Lancn

»t

LONDON—
City Road, 247, E.C.

Fintbuy Square,
No. 12, E.C.

aTS7*sInnRd.,No.
127, W.C.

Leiceeter Square...

Marlboro' St., Great,

No. 06, W.
Newington Bntts,

No. 5, S.£.
Portland St., Great,

No. 179, W.
Manchester, Lanes...

Name of Institution and
exact address.

Flitwlck CouTaleeoent Home
Dispenaarj for Diseases of

the Skin and Urinary Or-

gaQ«. 1 Lower Chnrcli St.
Birmingham and Midlands

SUn and Lock Hospital.
ConTalescent Home. Tlie

Downlands, Rottiogdean.
DlspenMry for Diseases of

the Sl(in, Cancerous and

Scrofulous Affections. 24

Park Square.
Hospital for Cancer and Skin
Diseases. Islington.
St. George's Hospital for

Diseases of the Skin.

Great George Street.

City Dispensary for Diseases

of the Skin.
Branch of British Hospital.

National Institution for Dis-
eases of the Skin.

Terms of admlsainn.

Am CoyrALMCEXT
Information not nlrtalnablu

Be« CowvAi-iHTKHT.
8»€ Camckk.

Sm Cahcbb.

Free without letter, but imtlcnts are
expected to contiibute according to
their ability. N'o in-patienu.

Information not obtainablv.

Set below.

Free to the necessltious poor on ccrtltl
cate from medical man or minlhter,
to be given on a prescribed form.
Others are charged a small weekly
stim according to their means.
In-patients free by letter for 2 months
or more, or by payment according
to means. Out-patluntH free iiy letter
or payment of 1«. to h%. a month.
British Hospital for .Skin j Free without letter.

Diseases. ,

Branch of British Hospital. I Bu above.

Western Dispensary for Skin ' No in-patients. Out-patients pay about

St John's Hospital for DIk-
eases of the Skin-

>»

»>

^Margate, Kent.

Newcastle- on - Tyne,

Northumberland.
*Rottlngdean, Sussex.
Sheffield, Yorks.

Diseases.

Manchester and Salford Lock

and Skin Disease Hospital.

Hospital for the Skin, Cancer,

Scrofula, and all Chronic

Diseases.
Royal Sea Batlilng Infirmary

or National Hospital for

Scrofula.
Wlldemos Hill.
Hospital for Diseases of the

Skin.
/SeeCoNVALLSCBNT. Brighton.
Public Hospital for Diseases

of the Skin . Holly Street.

Is. a week for medicine.
See Lock.

See Cakcbh

See COKTALSSCXMT

Information not obtainable.

*t

Free without letter.

128 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pakt I.

SMALL-POZ. See mFEOTIOUS DISEASES.

SPD^. See DEFOBMITIES.

STONE. See UBINABT OBGANS.

SURGICAL APPLIANCES.

Until a few years ago it was the cruel practice of the so-
called Surgical Appliances or Aid Societies to compel those
who were in need of instruments, crutches, artificial limbs,
&c., to lose many days and to exhaust their already enfeebled
frames by canvassing for a varying number of tickets which
had to be collected from the subscribers to these Institutions.
Fortunately the Council of the Metropolitan Hospital Sunday
Fund have recognised the inhumanity and abuse attached to
such a system as this ; and, in consequence, they have set
aside a sum equal to four per cent, of the whole amount
collected on Hospital Sunday in each year for the purpose of
providing, on the recommendation of ministers and others,
surgical appliances to such as may require them. Applica-
tion has to be made in the first instance to the Secretary of
the Metropolitan Hospital Sunday Fund, Mr Henry N.
Custance, Mansion House, E.O., by any minister, stating
the name, address, and age of the patient, and the nature
of the appliance required, which must not exceed £5 in
value. A form of recommendation is then ^applied to -the

Fart I.]

SURGICAL APPLIANCES.

129

applicant, which form has to be taken to the authorities of one
of the Hospitals or Dispensaries which receive grants from the
Fund. The patient presents this recommendation to the
Hospital, where he is seen by a member of the staff, who pre-
scribes for the case and sees that the appliance is properly
fitted. It is to be wished that every Hospital Sunday Fund
organization throughout the country would adopt this
method of dispensing surgical aid. At the present time
nearly £4000 is spent in London on the management of the
Surgical Aid Societies, a sum which is more than equivalent
to the whole amount of relief afforded in this direction
by the Hospital Sunday Fund. The philanthropic public will
do well to reflect before they contribute to any Surgical
Appliance or Aid Society, the benefits of which are only
obtainable on presentation of governors' letters of recom-
mendation. It would be far better for them to use their
influence in different parts of the country to persuade the
Councils of the Hospital Sunday Funds to adopt the plan so
successfully carried out in the metropolis, and to use their
influence with the Committees of the Appliance Societies to
abolish the ticket system altogether.

Place.

LONDON—
Aldengate Street,
No. 164, £.a

Bedford Row, W.C.

Finsbory Circus,
No. 28, E.G.

Finsbnry Sq.| No.
85, £.0

Name of Institution and
exact address.

City Provident Disp. and Sur-
gical Appliance Assocn.

Rupture Society. Secy., W.

M. Taylor, Esq., 27 Great

James Street
Surgical Appliance Society

(ProTident).

City of London Tiniss Socy.

Terms of admission.

No letter required. Apply at the insti-
tution, or on a form to be signed by
a surgeon. Govemors* caixls (each
worth 8«. 6d.) are taken in part pay-
ment, to an extent determined by
patient's ch'cumstances.

By subscriber's letter.

Letter not essential, but whole or
partial assistance is obtained on one.
The Secretary decides what portion
of the cost of appliances is to be
borne by the applicant, according to
the chxnimstances. Surgeons attend,
10 a.m. to 12 noon, and 6 to 8 p.m.
Sat., 10 to 12 noon, and 1 to 3 p.m.

Free by letter.

130

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part L

Place.

LONDON—
King WiUlam
No. 28) E.G.

St.

Name of Institation and
exact address.

National Truss Society.

Mansion House i Metropolitan

i day Fund.

N. Custance, Esq.
I also Appendix.

Hospital Sun-
Secretary, H.
See

Salisbury Sq., Fleet | Surgical Aid Society.

Terms of admissioii.

Free by letter. Apply to Mr Howse
10 St Thomas St., Boro\ S.E., any
week day, 9 to 10 a.m. For appli-
ances other than trusses. 2 letters
may be necessary, accorung to cir-
stances.

Minister must apply to the Secretary,
stating name, age, and address of
patient, and nature of appliance
required. A letter of recommenda-
tion to a hospital will be returned,
and at such hospital an order for the
appliance will be obtained. Allow-
ance, not exceeding £fi for any one
appliance.

By letter or equivalent payment. The
number of letters requisite varies
with the nature of the appliance re-
quired, but deserving applicants
may always rely on their proper
wants being met on applying to the
Secretary. Water beds and invalid
chairs are lent on letters.

SYPHILIS. See LOOK.

TEETH. See DENTAL.

THBOAT, DISEASES OF. See CONSUMPTION AND EAB.

TRUSSES. See SUBQIOAL APPLIANCES.

Pabt I.] URINARY ORGANS : VACCINE LYMPH.

131

URINARY ORGANS, DISEASES OF.

Town and county.

I

Nune of Instttntion and
exact address.

BaUi,Som I Dispensary for Diseases of

the SklD and Urinary Or-
i gans. 1 Lower Chnrch St.

LONDON—
Oxford Street, W...

Wliitectaapel, E.

Terms of admission.

Information not obtainable.

Free. No letter required.

St Peter's Hospital for Stone

and Urinary Diseases. 54

Bemer's Street.
London Hospital. Special Free. No letter required.

Department for Diseases I

of the Bladder, indnding ,

Stone. '

VACCINE LYMPH.

Few people now question the importance of having their
children vaccinated and of being revaccinated themselves.
The experience gained in the Small-pox Hospitals has proved
that where people have been properly vaccinated, practically-
absolute protection has been secured against this loathsome
disease. Recognising the truth of this, the Legislature has
divided Unions and Parishes into Vaccination Districts, with
the view of securing the vaccination of every child who is not
unfit for or insusceptible to it. There are public vaccinators
appointed and paid by the guardians, and there are vaccination
stations for the performance of vaccination. The Registrar of
Births has, on or within seven days after the registration with
him of the birth of a child not already vaccinated, to give
notice to its parents or custodian, requiring the child to
be vaccinated within three months. It is also the Registrar's

132

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[PabtL

duty to inform the parents of the place and hour at which the
public vaccinator may be found. After successful vaccination
a certificate is sent by the public vaccinator to the vaccination
officer, and a duplicate given to the parents. If vaccination is
performed by a private medical practitioner, the parent has
himself to forward to the vaccination officer, within twenty- one
days of the operation, a certificate on a prescribed form, signed
by the medical officer, in testimony of successful vaccination.
Any parent neglecting to have his child vaccinated, or to
transmit a certificate of successful vaccination, is liable to a
penalty of twenty shillings in each case. The places from
which vaccine lymph can be obtained are given below.

Place.

LONDON—
St Martin's Ladc,

W.C;

Whitehall

Worahip St., No. 37,
E.C.

Name of Institution and
exact address.

Association for the Supply of
Pure Vaccine Lymph. 3
Hemming's Row.

Local Goyemment Board.
National Vaccine Estab-
lishment.

Royal Jennerian and London
Vaccine Institution.

Terms.

Ljrmph obtainable on purchase.

Lymph is supplied only to legally
qualified medical practitioners, on
application either by letter or (be-
tween 12 and 2) personally.

Information not obtainable.

Paht L]

DISEASES OF WOMEN.

133

WOMEN, DISEASES OF.

S$e alio CoMVALisoiirT and Pat Hospitals.

Town and county.

Binningluun, Wanr..
Brighton, Snssex

Bristol, Qloac.

Cheltenham, Glome.

Leeds, Yorks

Idverpool, Lanes.

LONDON—
Borongb, S.E.

Chebea, S.W.

Kentish Town Road,
18 and 20, W.C.

Marylebone Road,
222, W

Manchester Square,
W.
Portman Sq., W

Shadwell, £.

Smithfield, West, £.
Soho Square, W....

Sydenham, Pai-k,
S.E.

Waterloo Road, S.E.

Name and address of
Institntion.

Bfarmingham and Midland
Hospital for Women.

Brighton and Hove Lyhig-In
Institntion and Hospital,
A Dispensary for Diseases
of Women and Children.

Hospital for Sick Children,
and for the Outrdoor
Treatment of Women.

Cobonrg Society and Dis-
pensary for Diseases of
Women and Children.

Hospital for Women and
Children.

Surgical Home for Diseases
of Women. 128 Hill St

6ny*s Hospital (Uterine

Wards). St Thomas Street

Hospital for Women. 178

King's Road. See also

Appendix.

North-West London Hosp.

Special Ward.
New Hospital for Women.

Dorset House. 1 Dorset St.

Branch of
Samaritan Free Hospital for

Women and Children.

Lower Seymour Street.
East London Hospital for

Children and Dispensary

for Women.
St Bartholomew's Hospital.

Special Women's WaixL
The Hospital for Women.

See also Appendix.

Home and Infirmary for Sick
Children, and South Lon-
don Dispy. for Women.

Royal Hospital for Children
and Women.

Terms of admission.

Infonnation not obtainable.
See Childssn.

Women : In-patients, 6s. a week ; Out,
1«. 6d. first visit, 6<f. each subsequent
Tisit

See Childskk.

See Childbxn.

In-patients free on application, but if
able are expected to contribute some-
thing; Out-patients, 6d. on first, 4d.
each subsequent attendance.

Free, without letter.

Free by letter, or by payment from
lOs. 6d. a week. Infectious cases
inadmissible. Out-patients, if with-
out letter, are charged 6(1. for medi-
cine.

Free by letter, or by payment accord-
ing to means.

By letter and payment of 2s. Bd. to IOj.
a week, but serious cases may be
admitted free. Out-patients, 6d.
entrance fee, and 2d. each visit, and
if necessary are taken in without
further letter. The visiting physi-
cians are all women.

See Children.

See CHiu>RBy.

Free, without letter. Small-pox cases

and incurables ineligible.
Out-patients free; in-patients by letter

or payment from £1. 6s. to £3. 3a. a

week.
To the dispensary, 6d. a visit. Apply

any Thursday afternoon.

See Childben.

134

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Pabt I.

Town and county.

LONDON—
Weittminster

Manchester, Lanes....

»»

Newca8tle-on-T}nie,
Northumberland.
Nottingham, Notts....

Redland, Qlouc.
Sheffield, Yorks .
Soathsea, Hants

Name and address of
Institution.

Hospital for Diseases of
Women and Children. 3
and 4 Vincent Square.

Soutiiem Hosp. for Diseases
of Women and Children.
Clifford Street.

St Mary's Hospital, with Dis-
pensary for Diseases of
Women and Children.

Hospital for Women.

Hospital for Women.
Castle Gate.

4-5

General Dispensary for
Women and Children.

Jessop Hospital for Women.
Gell Street.

South Coast Medical, Surgi-
cal, and Convalescent
Home for Women.

Terms of admission.

In-patients, 10<. a week, or with letter,
5s. A higher class received in pri-
vate wards, £1. Is. a week. Out*
patients, see Children.

See Childken.

Information not obtainable.

No in-patients. Out-patientt free.

In-patients, by application to the
Matron, and also to Dr. Elder, Dr.
Truman, or Dr. C. V. Taylor, and
the production of a cerdflcate of
character, and payment of not less
than 10«. 6d. a week. Ont-iMitients
pay Is. on admission, and 6d. each
subsequent attendance. Also 6d. to
the druggist for 1 week*8 medicLae.

See Childben.

Free by letter for both in and out

patients.
See CoirvALBSCBMT.

PART II.

THE TREATMENT AND NURSING OF EMERGENCIES

AND SIMPLE AILMENTS.

PREFATORY NOTE.

To emphasize a few practical points in household nursing —

to shortly notice the more trivial ailments and their means

of relief — to be a guide in those emergencies which may at

any moment happen to any one of us— to point out dangers

which to many would be unforeseen till perhaps too late —

and thus to bring a compendium of household medicine and

surgery within the reach of all, is the object of this division

of the work. Any attempt to invade the province of the

medical man has been carefully avoided. Such an attempt

would not only increase far too greatly the size and object

of this book, but would tend to mar its utility, and perhaps

render it rather a source of danger than of strength.

CHAPTER I.

TBEATICENT OF ElEEBOENCUS.

Wonndfl. — With regard to the washing of old wounds, it is
advisable never to use sponges or anything but what can be
immediately burnt ; otherwise foul discharges may inadvert-
ently be carried from one wound to another, setting up inflam-
mation, erysipelas, and the like. Tow, old rag, or something
of the same kind is to be preferred, and immediately after use
it (with the dressings that have been removed) should be
burnt. Too much care cannot be taken in washing the hands
after dressing, and in the matter of cleanliness of every sort
and description Old ointments must never be allowed to
accumulate round a wound, for after a time they decompose,
irritate the sound skin, and cause a larger wound. It is
sometimes difl^cult to remove them, when attention has not
been paid to this point; but some sweet oil, well rubbed
over the surface of the deposit with a little cotton wool,
will gradually dissolve it, and then the skin may be gently
washed with soap and warm water. Marks of strapping are
easily removed in the same way : turpentine and spirits of
wine are sometimes advised, but they are much too irritating
to young, tender skin. In removing the strapping from a
wound, care is requisite, for if one end of the strapping is
seized, and the strip pulled off right across the wound, it
must inevitably, when it reaches the other side, pull the
two edges of the wound apart, and reopen it. Instead of
this, both ends of the strapping should be taken, one in each

138 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

hand, and they should be gradually drawn towards each other,
till they meet in the centre over the wound.

In treating a fresh wound, it must first be well washed,
all dirt, sand, &c., and any splinters that may be in it being
removed ; the bleeding, if any, must then be stopped by
appropriate measures, and the place dressed in the best way
to promote its healing. Wounds vary so much in their
nature that some sub-divisions must be made before their
treatment can be with sufficient clearness indicated.

1. Clean cut, — Made with a sharp instrument. This is the
best kind of wound for healing quickly. The great object is
to bring the edges accurately together with strapping. This
is best done by taking a narrow strip of strapping and warm-
ing it, and by commencing to apply it at such a distance on
one side of the wound that it may get a firm hold of the skin.
On reaching the wound, draw its outer edge well up to the
inner one, adapt them carefully with the finger, and, when
adapted, take the strapping quickly across, and fix it at an
equal distance on both sides of the wound ; apply other strips
in the same way, till the wound is covered or nearly so ; and
lastly, place two strips diagonally across these to keep the
whole in place. As a rule, the strapping will require changing
every other day ; but a wound should not be disturbed more
often than is necessary. In many cases a piece of dry lint
and a bandage over the strapping will keep the parts quiet,
and the strapping from slipping. A piece of dry lint on a
cut finger is preferable to strapping, as the movement of the
part will prevent strapping from sticking accurately. On the
face, where a scar is a matter of some importance, it will
be necessary, if the wound is of any size, to have the edges
accurately sewn together,

2. Bruised cuL — Made by a blunt instrument, often with
much force. The edges are here bruised, and will not unite so
readily as in the former case. If there is not much bruis-

Paet II.] WOUNDS. 139

ingy an attempt may still be made to get the edges to heal
quickly by strapping them together. If this is considered
tmadyisabley dry lint or water dressing may be applied.
Water dressings and lotions are not nearly so much used as
formerly, and quite rightly so: for when taken off, the dressing
is filthy and foul smelling. Dry applications are now more
general A very good dressing for these cases is made by,
firsty catting a small piece of gutta-percha tissue, as long as
and rather wider than the cut, placing it carefully over
the wound, and bandaging a piece of dry lint over that.
This will only require changing every second or third day.
Woonds nsually heal readily under it, and the gutta-percha
tissue prevents the lint from sticking to the wound and draw-
ing the edges apart when it is changed.

3. Stabs and deep wounds, — Tliese must on no account be
brought together with strapping, or the skin would heal,
leaving a cavity beneath it unhealed. The discharge would
collect, and an abscess eventually form, which would have
to be opened by slitting up the healed skin. These wounds
must be made to heal up from the bottom, and if the skin
tends to heal over too soon, a piece of lint must be in-
troduced between the edges to keep it open. The gutta-
percha tissue and dry lint is a useful dressing for these cases
also, but disinfecting lotions must often be used in the after
stages. Bemember in these cases that an artery or deep vein
may be injured, and ascertain the amount of bleeding before
determining to treat it without surgical assistance.

4. Lacerated wounds, — ^These are large torn wounds, which
will almost always require stitches and skilled treatment.
Bleeding must be stopped, and any injury prevented to the
wound till a doctor can arrive.

■ 6. Still larger wounds, as tom-off limbs. — The same remarks
will apply. Attend to the bleeding and give stimulants. For-
tunately, torn vessels seldom bleed much, so that these wounds

140 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pakt II.

are not necessarily so immediately dangerous as would at first
appear.

Any wound of a joint is very dangerous : it almost always
results in a stiflf joint, or perhaps worse. Always send for a
surgeon in such cases.

So much as to the immediate treatment of wounds, and
providing the case goes on well the same sort of dress-
ings may be continued. But if the wound becomes
hot and painful, if the edges look red and angry, if it
seems to the patient to throb and shoot, then inflammation has
set in : it is useless to look for immediate union ; hot fomenta-
tions or poultices must be applied, and, if the wound is of
any size, skilled advice must be sought.

Fractures and Dislocations. — Great care is needed in
these cases. As long as the skin is sound and the fracture
is what is known as a simple fracture, good union may be
expected ; but directly the skin is broken and air gets access
to the broken end, the fracture becomes converted into a com-
pound fracture, and the course is very much more severe. It
is hardly necessary to point out how easily this misfortune
may be brought about by want of care in the removal of the
patient from the place of accident to his home. Many cases
have occurred where the bone has been thrust through the
skin by rough handling during the transit. In the case of
the leg or thigh, the limb may be found shortened and perhaps
twisted in some way. If so, take the foot firmly, replace it in
its natural position, and draw gently downwards so as to
bring the two limbs as nearly as possible to an equal length,
but without applying force; then tie the two legs together
with a scarf or handkerchief, just above the ankle, and again
below and above the knee. In dislocations of the hip it will
be found that no drawing down makes any difference to the
length, or it may even be longer than the other from the
first : here the only thing to be done is to tie the two legs

PabtU.] FRAOTUIUBS AND DISLOCATIONS. 141

togeUier as before. In a fracture of the arm between the
shoulder and elbow, let the hand lie loosely in an ordinary
sling, and tie a scarf or handkerchief round the body so as to
keep the arm close to the side. If iYiQforeurm is broken — i.e.,
the part between the elbow and ¥rrist joints — ^let the whole
forearm lie evenly in a sling, so adjusted as to support the
whole length : in these fractures temporary splints may easily
be applied. If the shoMei' is dislocated, the arm will not
come to the side, and the hand must simply be supported in
a sling. It is not wise to try and reduce any dislocations
without medical advice, for there may be a fracture as well,
or some other injury, and permanent harm may be done to
the limb. The only doubtful exceptions are the elbow and
fingers. The dhow assumes often, when dislocated, such an
inconvenient position, and usually slips in place so easily,
that an attempt may be made to reduce it, by steadying the
upper arm, taking firm hold of the wrist, drawing it down-
wards, placing the knee in the bend of the elbow, and gradu-
ally bending the lower arm over it towards the shoulder.
The wrid is seldom dislocated, in fact such an injury may be
left out of the question here. Dislocations of the fingers may
generally be reduced by pulling strongly on them. Be care-
ful about dislocations of the thmrih; it is sometimes quite
impossible to reduce them by any means. In fracture of the
coUar-boney put the hand in a sling, and take the weight of
the arm off the shoulder by a handkerchief passed round the
the elbow, and tied tightly over the opposite shoulder. In
fractures of the ribSy bandage the chest firmly, or pin a flannel
band firmly round it. This will limit the movements of the
chest, and give great relief. Little can be done in other
fractures, save taking care that no harm is done by unnecessary
jolting or other means. In many of the above fractures,
especially if the patients have to be carried some distance,
it will be advisable to take extra precautions to prevent in-

142 HINTS IN SICKNESS, [Pabt II.

jury, by applying temporary splints. These are best made of
thick pasteboard — a bonnet-box, or something of that kind : if
the accident occurs out of doors, some bark, narrow bundles
of straw, thin branches tied together, or thickly folded
brown paper, may all be utilised to keep the limb temporarily
at rest. These splints are best appUed one on each side of
the fractured limb, and kept in place by handkerchiefs. A
patient with a fractured leg or thigh should be placed on a
mattress, not feather-bed ; and it will be all the better if a
board is placed under this, to keep the splints from sinking
down, and so disarranging the position of the limb. A bed-
pull — I.e., a cross-bar of thick wood with a strong cord fixed
to it, and this again made fast to a ring in the ceiling — will
be of immense assistance to a patient in these cases ; in fact
it is almost a necessity, and can easily be applied by any
carpenter. What is known as a cradle, to keep the bedclothes
off the limb, is also necessary ; a bonnet-box will answer the
purpose admirably. In lifting a fracture always have plenty
of assistance. Let one take the limb at the bottom, and
the other at the top of the splint, passing the fingers of
each hand under the splint, and letting the thumbs meet,
or as nearly so as possible, over the limb. In unwinding the
bandage also, do not let the end lie loose, but gather it up
closely as you proceed. A bandage may thus be removed in
a very much shorter time than is otherwise necessary.

Bleeding. — ^When an artery of any size is wounded, the
blood comes out in jets, and is bright red ; bleeding from a
vein, on the contrary, oozes out, and is much darker in colour.
The following are the usual means adopted to stop bleeding : —

1. Direct Pressure, — By means of the finger pressed firmly
on the wounded spot, serious loss of blood need in no case
occur, if the bleeding spot can be seen : it may always be thus
controlled. Persons must remember this, and never lose
their presence of mind. By strips of lint folded into a

Pabt II. ] BLEEDING. 143

thick pad, or a towel folded and firmly pressed on the place,
either by the hand or by a firm bandage, bleeding from
the head can always be controlled, for the pad presses the
vessel firmly against the bone and closes it. In any position
where the vessel can be thus compressed against a firm sub-
stance this will succeed, but the pad must not be removed for
forty-eight hours, unless absolutely necessary for other reasons,
or the bleeding will recommence. In some cases, where
blood comes from the bottom of a large deep wound, a sponge
or some strips of lint may be firmly packed into the wound,
and kept there; but this will require some courage to do
effectually, as it causes much pain, and other means should be
first tried.

2. By what U knoum as a tourniquet, A temporary one
may be thus applied. Take a handkerchief and tie it tightly
round the limb above the bleeding spot ; introduce under this
a firm piece of wood, and twist it round and round, so as to
tighten the handkerchief till all bleeding stops. This plan is
very useful when the bleeding is from some part of one of the
limbs, but is now usually superseded by the following : —

3. By tying an elastic hand firmly round the limb, — This is
much more easily applied. At all railway stations these
bands are now kept, and the officials of the railway company
instructed as to their use. If one is not kept in every house,
there ought to be one in every village, as it is invaluable
when a large vessel of the limb is wounded. In applying it
it is simply wound two or three times round the limb above
the bleeding point, being drawn as firmly as possible each
time, and it is then tied securely, or is made to fasten with
two hooks. This proceeding renders unnecessary detailed
directions as to the course of the different arteries, and will
effectually control any bleeding from a wounded artery in the
limbs. Care must be taken to draw the band sufficiently
tight, and it must be looked on as only a temporary means

144 HLNTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

of stopping severe haemorrhage from an artery till surgical
assistance can arrive.

It remains to notice a few special forms of bleeding.

Bleeding from the Nose. — Do not let the patient hang his
head over a basin ; let him sit upright and apply cold to the
bridge of the nose and nape of the neck, or syringe ice-cold
water up the nose. Hold the hands above the head. Do not
blow the nose. If these means fail, the nose must be plugged
by a surgeon.

Bleeding from Varicose Veins of the Leg.— Eaise the leg
considerably above the level of the body, keep the patient at
full length on a sofa, put a pad and bandage over the wounded
part, and apply firm pressure in this case helow the wound,
because the course of blood in the veins is from below up-
wards towards the heart.

Spitting of Blood. — Keep the patient raised in bed; let
him avoid coughing as much as possible; give him ice to
suck, and iced milk to drink; keep the room cool; do not
give anything hot ; if the spitting is profuse, put an ice-bag
to his chest ; let him keep perfectly quiet, and not exert him-
self in any way. He must not even get out of bed on any
pretence.

Vomiting of Blood. — The same rules apply, but instead of
putting an ice-bag to the chest, apply a mustard plaster over
the stomach.

In all these cases do not be in a hurry to give stimulants ;
a little faintness does good, as it tends to restrain the bleeding.
See also that there is nothing tight about the limbs or neck
that may interfere with the circulation.

SufEocation. — ^An interruption of the function of respira-
tion, which, sufficiently prolonged, causes death. Under this
head we may conveniently include not only drowning,
strangling, and hanging, but also those cases in which food
gets into the windpipe and obstructs the passage, and those

Pabt n.] DROWNING. 145

in which deleterious gases are breathed to a dangerous de-
gree, S8 the gases from burning charcoal, escape of ordinary
gas, &c. When the respiration is totally obstructed, all
external movements cease within five minutes, and the heart
within ten minutes. Restoration is possible as long as the heart
continues to beat, but some cases of drowning have been
restored after a much longer period (half-an-hour), it being
then probable that the person has fednted at the moment of
immersion. Even in apparently hopeless cases, therefore, all
means should be tried for some considerable time. The treat-
ment of persons apparently drowned may be taken as a t3rpe,
the differences in other forms of suffocation being subsequently
noticed.

Drowning. — ^Raise the patient, and hold the head down-
wards for a moment, to allow any water to escape ; cleanse
mouth and nostrils ; open the mouth ; keep the tongue for-
ward ; loosen all tight clothing. Place him on his back, and
keep head and shoulders slightly raised. Grasp his arms just
above the elbows, and draw them gently and steadily upwards
till they meet above the head (this is for the purpose of draw-
ing air into the lungs) ; keep the arms in that position for
two seconds, then turn them down, and press them gently
and firmly for two seconds against the sides of the chest (for
the purpose of pressing air out of the lungs). Repeat these
measures alternately fifteen times in a minute, till the patient
is seen to make a voluntary effort to breathe. (This is known
as Sylvester's method of performing artificial respiration, and
is the best.) Whilst this is proceeding, others may be en-
gaged in other ways, as in removing wet clothing, and
wrapping him in blankets, or dry clothes. Putting ammonia
to the nose, tickling the back of the throat with a feather,
and slapping the surface of the face and chest, are all useful
in tending to provoke respiration. After breathing has been
restored, it is necessary to induce warmth and circulation by

K

146 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

applying hot flannels, bottles, &c., and by rubbing the limbs
upwards firmly and quickly. Lastly, when he can swallow,
small quantities of hot tea, wine and water, &c., may be
given.

Hanging and Strangling. — Cut the patient down, and com-
mence artificial respiration as above.

Sufbcation from Oharcoal Fumes. — Eemove the person at
once into the fresh air, and commence Sylvester's method of
artificial respiration ; but it is doubtful whether this will be
of much service, as carbonic oxide is the most poisonous
agent in these cases, and acts as a blood poison. Nothing
else can be done, however, except by a medical man. Great
care should be taken not to sleep in a room where there is
no flue for the escape of fumes of burning charcoal, or into
which there is a leakage from a stove pipe.

Suffocation from Oarbonic Acid. — This is the gas that is
known as the choke damp of mines. It also accumulates in
the process of brewing over vats of fermenting beer, and is
given off from lime kilns, being met with also in old wells,
volcanic grottoes, &c. Treatment in all these cases isiremoval
into a pure atmosphere, and performance of artificial respira-
tion. It is this gas which causes the headache, sense of
oppression, and drowsiness felt in badly ventilated rooms,
especially where much gas is being burnt.

Poisoning firom Escape of Gas. — Carbonic oxide is such an
active poison, that probably it is the chief cause of death in
these cases, and the same treatment may be applied as from
that poison.

Foreign Substances in Windpipe. — These are sometimes
drawn into this tube by a sudden breath whilst eating, as
from laughing, &c., or when a substance is being carried in
the mouth. It is no easy matter to dislodge them, and they
will give rise to difficult breathing, distressing paroxysms of
cough, &c. The patient may be placed on his stomach, with

Part II.] STINGS, BITES, SUNSTROKE. 147

the head downwards and the back well slapped. This
is seldom successful, and surgical assistance is almost always
necessary.

A large piece of meat or food may lodge in the swallow, so
as to shut off the entrance to the windpipe ; it can usually be
here reached by the finger and removed.

Stings by Venomous Insects, as Gnats, Wasps, &c. —
Remove the sting if present. Vinegar and water, dilute
ammonia, or eau de cologne and water, will give relief:
moist soil immediately applied is also said to remove the
pain at once. Where there are many wasp-stings, some
stimulant niay be necessary. After a snake or adder bite, a
band should be tied tightly round the limb above the bite
to prevent entrance of the poison into the system, and the
place should be well burnt by a red hot iron. A free use of
stimulants is essential.

Stings horn Plants, Nettles, &c. — Apply dilute solution
of ammonia or of carbonate of soda. This will give great relief
if done at once.

Bite by Dog. — ^Wash the wound well and encourage bleed-
ing. It is best then to freely apply nitric acid to it, as this is
a liquid, and gets more freely to every corner of the wound ;
but if this would necessitate delay, use a hot iron, or lunar
caustic. If the dog is known to be rabid, the hot iron should
be used, or if the wound is on the finger it is better at once
to amputate it. An absurd superstition is held in many
country places, that if the dog is killed the person bitten will
not have hydrophobia ; this, of course, is a most ignorant and
silly notion. It is much more satisfactory to the mind of the
person bitten to keep the dog under observation, to see if he
developes rabies.

Sunstroke. — Remove into a cold place. Apply cold douche
to the head and cold sponging to the body. Fan the body.
Give small quantities of cool water, but in this be very care.

148 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt II.

fill; and also in applying the cold douche, do not go to
extremes.

Bums.— If slight and simply occasioning redness, dust well
with flour, and wrap plenty of cotton wool round the part.
If it has gone a stage farther, and blisters have formed, spread
some vaseline, zinc ointment, or cold cream on strips of lint ;
prick the blisters in several places with a needle to let out the
fluid, wrap the ointment round it, apply plenty of cotton wool,
and a bandage. Any very severe bum may be dressed in the
same way, till help arrives. The great point is to exclude
all access of air. Give stimulants if necessary, and keep the
patient warm. It cannot be too widely known, that the best
way of putting out the flames, when a person's clothes have
caught fire, is by taking the hearth-rug, a great coat, or
any similar article that is han4y, and wrapping it closely
round him, or rolling him in it, so as to entirely prevent the
access <of air.

Bums by Acids. — ^Bathe the parts with an alkaline fluid,
like dilute ammonia, or carbonate of soda in solution (this is
generally at hand), and afterwards dress as a bam.

Bums by Lime. — Bathe the part with vinegar and water.
If lime gets into the eye, it will do an immense amount of
mischief, and always requires medical advice, or permanent mis-
chief will result. Till advice can be procured, weak vinegar
and water must be freely applied by running it over the eye.

Lightning Stroke. — Apply cold to the head, and, if necessary,
warmth to the extremities; rub the limbs well, and give some
stimulants, as soon as the patient can swallow.

Cold and Frostbite. — ^If a person is suffering very severely
from the effects of cold, the temperature must only be raised
very gradually. He must be brought into a cold room, his
clothes removed, and blankets wrapped round him : the limbs
and body must be gently and continuously rubbed, first vnth
ice, then with dry flannel, or the hand. When he can swallow,

Part U.] POISONING. 149

warm drinks may be given, and later on stimulants. If a
part only of the body gets frostbitten, as the nose, it is known
by its first becoming blue and congested, and afterwards
yellowish and tallowy ; sensation is lost in it, and the sufferer
may not know what mischief is caused. Bub the part first
with snow, and so on as above.

Foreign Bodies in Nose and Ear. — ^Leave them alone. It
is usually difficult for a doctor to remove them, and if an
unskilled person attempts it, he will render the doctor's task
much more difficult, probably impossible. Gentle syringing
may alone be tried on the ear. As to foreign bodies in the
eye, see page 183.

Swallowing Foreign Bodies, as Coins, Needles, fte.— Do not
be in a hurry to give castor oil, &c. ; in fact, do just the
reverse. Keep the bowels confined, and give plenty of suet
pudding, gruel, and such like food. By this m^ans the needle
or other object is more likely to get iknbedded in the mass,
and to do no injury to the bowels. If the substance sticks
before reaching the stomach, try the effect of swallowing large
draughts of water, &c. If it is too large to pass into the
stomach, and cannot be reached with the finger, surgical aid
most be sought.

Iiunries to the Head. — It is not the design of this work
to go into the differences between concussion of the brain,
haemorrhage, and fracture of the skulL Their treatment till
aid arrives is identical Remove the patient as quickly as
possible to a cool, darkened room, keep him lying down, per-
fectly quiet, with the head somewhat raised, and apply cold
rags to the head.

Immediate Treatment in cases of the more Common

Poisons.

Adds (Nitric, Sulphuric, Hydrochloric Acids). — Give con-
tinuously plenty of alkaline fluid well diluted. Bicarbonate

150 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

of soda or potash, ammonia, sal volatile, common washing
soda, chalk, magnesia, or whiting, whichever may be at hand,
mixed with plenty of water. Thick gruel, white of egg, and
milk are also useful.

Carbolic Acid and Creosote. — Give emetics ; * lime water
may be drunk, or a tablespoonful of sweet oil taken occa-
sionally ; stimulants will generally be necessary.

Oxalic Acid. — Give chalk, lime, or whiting. Do not give
potash, soda, ammonia, or their salts.

Prussic Acid. — Death is so sudden, that usually nothing
can be done. Emetics, plenty of stimulants, hot and cold
douche alternately, and artificial respiration may be tried.

Aconite. — ^Give emetics, stimulants, warmth, and friction
to the surface of the body.

Alcohol (Drunkenness). — Emetics, cold douche, keep the
patient roused, flap with a cold wet towel, &c.

Alkalies (Potash, Soda, and Ammonia). — Give plenty of
water, and in it a little vinegar, lemon juice, or orange juice ;
also white of egg, milk, gruel, and sweet oiL

Antimony (Tartar emetic). — Generally there is vomiting :
if not, give an emetic. Large doses of strong coffee, milk,
white of egg, may be used; stimulants, if there is much
faintness.

Arsenic. — ^Emetics if necessary, plenty of magnesia, stimu-
lants, warmth and friction to surface of body.

Belladonna (Deadly Nightshade). — ^Emetics, stimulants,
coffee, hot and cold douche alternately, artificial respiration.

Blister w Blistering Fluids. — Emetics, barley water, white of
e^y and gruel. Do not give oil.

Chloral. — Emetics ; apply warmth and friction to the sur-
face ; keep the patient roused by speaking to him, flapping
with a wet towel, &c. ; artificial respiration.

* See page 152 for a list of useful emetics.

PartIL] poisoning. 151

Chloroform.T-LoweT the head, and commence artificial
respiration ; plenty of fresh air ; hot and cold douche ; stimu-
lants when the patient can swallow.

Copper Salts (Bluestone). — ^Emetics if necessary ; give plenty
of milk and eggs, also barley water and gruel.

Corrosive Sublimate. — Emetics ; plenty of white of egg beaten
up in water, arrowroot or gruel ; stimulants if necessary.

Cyanide of Potassium, — Treatment same as for Prussic Acid.
This compound, which is very deadly, and which somewhat
resembles sugar, is largely used in photography, and some
other processes.

Digitalis (Foxglove). — Emetics, plenty of stimulants, &c. ;
keep the patient lying down for a long time.

Hemlock (Conium). — Emetics, strong tea, stimulants, warmth
and friction, artificial respiration.

Laburnum Seeds. — Emetics, stimulants, hot and cold douche.

Lead (Sugar of Lead). — ^Emetics ; give half an ounce of
Epsom salts in water, also milk, white of egg, and barley
water.

Lunar Caustic (Ordinary Caustic used to Warts, Corns, &c.).
— Give plenty of common salt dissolved in water or milk
emetics, white of egg, barley water, &c.

Mushrooms, — Emetics ; stimulants freely; apply warmth and
friction.

Opium, — ^Emetics. Keep patient walking about, pinch him,
and try to rouse him in every way. Hot coffee, cold douche
to head, artificial respiration.

Phosphorus, — ^Emetics ; no oils or fats of any kind ; white of
egg, barley water, &c.

Strychnia, — ^Emetics ; inhalation of chloroform if possible.

Turpentine, — Emetics ; white of egg^ barley water, milk, &c.

White Precipitate, — Emetics ; plenty of white of egg beaten
up in water ; arrowroot, barley water, <fec. ; stimulants if
necessary.

152 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt II.

Such are the poisons most likely to be met with^ and their
treatment A few explanations are necessary.

Friction and artificial respiration must be applied as in the
directions given under the h^ad of drowning.

Stimulants include all wines and spirits ; in bad oases
preferably the latter, and often with hot water. Also
salvolatile, strong smelling salts, ammoniA to the nostrils,

&C.

Emetics. — ^The one most usually at hand is mustard — ^a
tablespoonful to half a pint of water ; or common salt, two
tablespoonfuls to half a pint of water. Sulphate of zinc,
30 grs. (half a teaspoonful) in water, is about the best of all
if obtainable. It should be kept in remote country districts
in the house ready weighed. Powdered ipecacuanha, same
dose in water, or ipecacuanha wine, two tablespoonfuls in
water, may also be taken. Tickling the back of the throat
with the finger or with a feather will help to produce vomit-
ing, and so will draughts of tepid water.

The following are poisonous compounds in common use,
with the poison they contain, and in accordance with the
directions for which they must be treated : —

Almond Flavour: Laurel Water: Essential Oil of Almonds:
Benzol and Nitro Benzol : — Prussic Acid.

Chlorodyne : Godfrey's Cordial : Sjrrup of Poppies : Sooth-
ing Syrup : Nepenthe : — Opium.

Vermin Killers. Almost all made up of Strychnia.

Eat Poisons : Lucifer Matches : — Phosphorus,

Emerald Green : Fly Papers : — Arsenic.

Salt of Sorrel or Essential Salt of Lemons. Eeally an acid
oxalate of potash, and must be treated like Oxalic Acid.

Spirit of Salt: — Hydrochloric Acid. Sometimes kept in
houses to clean brass.

Indigestion. — There are several forms, and it is not easy to
give only simple remedies. Gases of heartburn or the sharp

PabtU.] toothache, NEURALGIA. 153

baming pain felt at the pit of the stomach after a meal,
are best relieved by small doses of bicarbonate of soda —
about as much as will lie on a sixpence — dissolved in a wine-
glass of water. Indigestion with much pain and distress, if it
can be traced to a heavy meal, or a meal which has consisted
of some very indigestible food, is cut short almost at once
by an emetic. Colic or spasms is often a most intensely
painful disorder : till medical assistance can arrive hot tur-
pentine fomentations may be applied externally, and hot
brandy and water may be administered. If very severe,
nothing but opium will relieve it, and chlorodyne in twenty
drop doses every two hours may be given ; but never give this
to a child, and, if possible, get medical advice before resorting
to such strong drugs, especially as stronger opiates still may
be required.

Toothache. — If due to commencing inflammation or conges-
tion about the fangs, &c., this will be relieved by hot bran
poultices made as directed on page 175. Eubbing the gums
with equal parts of laudanum and spirits of chloroform will also
often relieve it, but great care must be taken in using such
strong remedies. Internal remedies when the pain is very
acute must be of such a character that they should only be
given under a medical man's directions.

Neuralgia. — External remedies known as counter irritants
often give relief, as mustard poultices, &c., or strong sedative
liniments — aconite or belladonna liniments especially — but
these are exceedingly poisonous. Internally, quinine in five
grain doses may be tried, but if not successful medical advice
should be sought before using stronger remedies. Quinine in
this dose is best taken as a powder in a small quantity of
coffee ; this effectually disguises the taste.

CHAPTER II.
DISEASES OF GHILDBEN.

The diseases to which children are subject are, as a rule,
those which attack older people ; but there are undoubtedly
diseases peculiar to children ; and diseases in children are so
modified by the marked excitability of their nervous system
and other peculiarities, that something, however little, must
be said concerning them. It is impossible here, however, to
go into the subject fully. To do so would alone more than
fill the space allotted to this part of the work. Now, chil-
dren can tell us nothing ; all their symptoms must be made
out by careful observation of their ways, their appearance,
their manner, &c., and the utmost must be made of the least
change from the child's habitual demeanour. After some
experience it is easy for a medical man to tell almost with
certainty, from simple observation of a child for a few
minutes, what that child may be suffering from ; and this
habit of observation must be acquired by any one wishing to
become a good nurse, or to be useful to her children in their
various maladies.

As an example, take the case of a child with inflamma-
tion of the lungs or chest walls. He will probably be
found lying on one side, and will show repugnance if an
attempt is made to turn him on the other ; the breathing will
be very hurried, and the breaths short and shallow ; he will
have a short, dry cough, interrupted almost as soon as it has
commenced ; there will be no wheezing and rattling, as in
bronchitis ; he will spit nothing up at any time, but this is

Part II.] . DISEASES OF CHILDREN. 155

peculiar to children, as they swallow the phlegm at once, and
cannot be tanght to spit matters out of their mouth ; the face
will look flushed and feverish, and the nostrils will be hard
at work with each breath ; the pulse will be very fast ; the
body will feel extremely hot and dry, seeming to almost
bum the hand ; the cry will be like the cough, merely a
short, sharp whimper, interrupted almost as soon as com-
menced, as if the attempt gave him pain ; his whole time will
be taken up, as it were, with the difficult task of breathing ;
he will wish to be left alone, and probably show repugnance
to any interference, declining all food, except cold water,
which he will drink with avidity.

Much more might be pointed out as to the different stages
of the disease, but, as a contrast, let us take bronchitis, and
show the differences between the two. Here the little
sufferer will still breathe quickly, and the nostrils will work
rapidly, more so as the disease progresses; there will
obviously be much secretion about the lungs, and wheezing,
rattling noises will be heard in the chest and throat; the
cough will be much longer and looser; it will evidently
be attended with much expectoration, which is usually at
once swallowed, but occasionally it will come up in quantities,
and can be wiped out of the mouth ; he will not lie on his
side, but will like to be raised somewhat in bed, as he can
then get his breath more easily ; the skin will not feel hot
and dry, but covered with perspiration, brought on by the
muscular exertion of working hard for his breath ; the pulse
will be fast, but perhaps chiefly from the exertion of breath-
ing, much force being required, as it were, to pump the air
in and out of the obstructed tubes, and food will still be
declined. This will show what can be done in the matter of
observation in children, and, did space permit, each different
disease might be taken seriatim, and the differences noted ;
enough, however, has been given for an example. It will be

156 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pakt U.

the nurse's duty to note all these points, however trifling, and
report them to the doctor. A few of the more common
ailments of children and their treatment must be shortly
described.

Feverishness. — So excitable is their nervous system, that
the least thing may throw children into a state of violent fever
— even some undigested food may do this : so that it is not
wise to be unduly alarmed, unless other symptoms declare
themselves that point unmistakably to disorder of some
particular organ. If indigestion is supposed to be the cause,
and the child is quite an infant, a small dose of grey powder
can do no harm, and may give relief when it has acted. It
is astonishing how small a dose will do good ; half a grain is
ample, and will act as well as a much larger dose. It may be
given in a little milk, and the child will not notice it. Whilst
on the subject of medicines, the old practice of giving large
nauseous powders may be emphatically condemned; the dose of
grey powder suggested, or, for an older child, the same dose of
calomel, is ample, quite tasteless, and may be given in a little
milk without the child knowing it. These powders, unfor-
tunately, must not be given regularly in obstinate constipa-
tion, or they would in time cause serious symptoms. Small
pills containing these ingredients (and many other sorts also)
are now made up and sold as " parvules." They look like
small rose-coloured pills, have a sweetish taste, and children
suck them like sweets; they cannot be too highly recom-
mended and used. Further treatment for feverishness may
consist of a warm bath, or sponging with warm water,
and rest in bed in a well-ventilated, darkened room.

Teething. — This process reacts on the nervous system in
various ways in different children: one child may have
diarrhoea and symptoms of bowel disorder at the cutting of
each series of teeth, another will have all the symptoms of
a bad cold, whilst another may have a somewhat severe

Part II] TEETHING, THRUSH. 157

attack of bronchitis at these times. More care must be given
to the diet and nursing, and the various disorders must be
treated medically. If, as in the more favourable cases,
there is only some slight fever, it may be treated as in the
former paragraph. Lancing lihe gums is occasionally useful,
but should not be performed till the tooth is evidently just
ready to come through, and is giving rise to symptoms of
irritability. There is no doubt that teething may give rise to
convulsions.

The first teeth generally cut are the two front teeth of the
lower jaw (as a rule, those of the lower jaw just precede the
upper), then the corresponding teeth of the upper jaw ; next
will come the four teeth on each side of these. The front
teeth usually appear at the seventh month, and the second at
the ninth*, but there are many exceptions ; some children do
not begin to cut their teeth till they are a year old. The
first set of teeth are generally complete from the age of two
years to two and a half The number of the first set is
twenty.

Thrush. — Generally denotes a weak state of health, and is
due to improper food. The great mistake is to begin
farinaceous food too soon. This should never be commenced
tiU the child is six months old, except under medical advice,
and even then some of the partially malted foods should be
used, beginning with very small quantities, as Dv Mellin's or
Liebig's food for infants. It is customary to treat this com-
plaint by smearing the tongue with a nasty mess of borax
and honey. As it is due to the development of a fungoid
growth, it is much more rational and effectual to keep the
mouth frequently wiped with a rag dipped in sanitas lotion,
or in a saturated solution of boracic acid. Great attention
should always be paid to the cleanliness of feeding bottles, &c.

Discharge from the Byes. — ^Many new-born children are
subject to a discharge from the eyes, which, if neglected, gets

158 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part H.

very profuse, gumming the lids together after sleep, and soon
destroying the eye. It is generally the custom to regard this
very lightly, and we mention the subject here to condemn
such negligence most emphatically. If treated early the dis-
charge is easily cured, but numbers of eyes are lost annually
from neglecting the first stages. Alum lotion (a teaspoonful
to a pint of rain water) should be thoroughly washed over the
surface of the globe of the eye every half-hour. Wipe all
discharge away with a piece of rag dipped in the same lotion^
and bum the rag immediately, as the discharge is very in-
fectious. For the same reason, wash the hands well after
each application of the lotion, use separate towels, &c.

Ec2sema of Head. — This is another disease often much
neglected till great mischief is done. If slight, soften the
scabs well with plenty of sweet oil, almost continuously
applied, and then rub in some vaseline. If severe, the scabs
must be softened by using linseed poultices with sweet oil,
till they can be removed, and then zinc ointment or vaseline
may be used. The general health may require treatment at
the same time.

Thread Worms. — These are always situated at the lower
end of the bowel. It is useless and weakening to give the
child aperients for them, though of course constipation must
not be permitted ; they are best cured by injections of salt
and water, given with a small india-rubber bottle. They
often cause the screaming at night, and nightmare, to which
some children are subject, and occasionally worse troubles,
such as convulsions, &c.

Descent of the Bowel. — Grenerally caused by constipation.
To this attention must be paid. When it is down bathe it
carefully with alum lotion, and then replace it. If this does
not succeed, consult a doctor.

Oonstipation. — If the child is very young, a teaspoonful
of glycerine every morning will often succeed in overcoming

Paet II.] INTERNAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN. 159

it, or rubbing the bowels night and morning with sweet oil.
Sometimes very small doses of belladonna, given every night
as a parvule (see page 156), will in time produce a proper
action. In older children fruit may be tried, or the diet may
be varied.

Diarrhoea and Vomiting. — Generally due to faulty feeding.
If it shows signs of continuing, do not neglect it, but seek
medical advice at once. On its first appearance give only
milk, or milk and lime water in proportions, according to
the age, with a few drops of brandy ; give more meals, and
less quantities at each meal If the child has habitually
much flatulence, a few drops of brandy will do good.

Nocturnal Incontinence. — ^If children wet their beds after
two years of age, on no account neglect it, but consult a
doctor, and if he says that they will grow out of it, consult
another. It is easily cured at this age as a rule, but, if
neglected, the habit becomes so confirmed that it is most
difficult to overcome it.

Diseases of the Lungs. — In bronchitis it is very necessary
to keep up a warm moist atmosphere whilst the attack lasts,
and the child should remain continuously in one room at a
certain temperature, with a bronchitis kettle at work, or some
hot water poured occasionally into a bucket standing near
the bed, so that the steam may escape into the room. It is
of no use to simply keep a kettle boiling on the fire, as the
steam goes then straight up the chimney ; a tube muse be
put to the spout of the kettle, so as to convey the steam into
the room.

Inflammation of the lungs in children is generally a further
stage of bronchitis.

Croup. — The most common form of croup is due to inflam-
mation of the upper part of the windpipe, and is dangerous
from the small size of this tube in children, so that the swell-
ing caused by the inflammation may quite block it. It is the

162 HINTS IN SICKNESS. IPart H.

sight of by mothers. It is not too much to say that if chil-
dren are brought up under a good system, if they are fed
upon good, plain, wholesome food, and' if their sleeping
accommodation is adequate, they will thrive as well in
London as anywhere else.

By good food is meant suitable food properly cooked. For
a baby not fed by the mother, condensed milk, rightly mixed,
is most nourishing. When condensed milk does not appear
to agree with the child, then inquiry will almost certainly
show that the fault lies in the mixing, and not in the con-
densed milk. The constitution of one child differs from that
of another, and this fact must keep the careful nurse on her
guard, to anticipate and provide for any peculiarities of diet
which may be necessary in consequence. Eemembering this,
it may be broadly asserted that a healthy child will do well
on condensed milk alone for the first three months. After-
wards must be added by degrees biscuit powder, or some other
similar food, to be followed in from three to six months by
beef tea. When meat is given at first, raw rump steak, finely
minced and cooked by means of boiling gravy poured over it,
should be given in small quantities. When meat in larger
quantities is required, none but that which has been once
cooked only should be given to children. They cannot digest
twice-cooked food, and it ought never to be given to them.

In this connection attention may usefully be called to the
cruelty practised upon the children of the poor by certain
landowners and farmers, who refuse to supply the poor with
milk. Attention was recently called in the Lancet to the
action of a wealthy landlord in Northamptonshire, who
behaved with brutal tyranny to the poor on his estate. Here,
in three weeks, out of a population of 100 souls, three child-
ren are reported to have died from want of that nourishment
which good milk can alone supply. In one of [these cases the
parents resided under the same roof that covered the squire'a

Part II.] CHILDREN'S FOOD AND MANAGEMENT. 163

dairy, wherein was stored the milk of a large herd of cows.
Not one drop of milk was, however, allowed to be given to
the poor suflfering little one ; nor in this village can the poor
procure milk. Now and again buttermilk was occasionally
given in small quantities, but since the Lancet exposed the
landlord's cruelty this practice is forbidden. The author
regrets that he cannot print the name of the squire in ques-
tion, as he deserves the contempt of all men. In this
Northamptonshire village the diet of the babies has, in conse-
quence, to consist of corn flour, bread and water, and death
soon terminates their sufferings. No wonder the population
in villages is decreasing ! It would be a great gain if the
clergy in each parish were to arrange to supply milk from the
school or some other centre. The present state of things is
a disgrace to our common humanity, and a remedy must
speedily be found for it.

CHAPTER III.

GENERAL HINTS ON NUBSINa.

Bules for the Sick Boom. — Consider in all things the com-
fort of the patient. If light or noise seems to annoy him,
rectify the grievance as eflPectually as possible. Do not worry
him with unnecessary questions, or press food on him when
he has great distaste for it, unless you are specially told to do
so by the medical man. Loud talking must on no account be
permitted, but whispering is often just as cruel, as the patient
may strain his attention to hear what is said. Do not
discuss his symptoms before him, and especially not any
bad symptoms ; when you think he is asleep he may only be
dozing, and it would then be gross cruelty. Avoid all
unnecessary noises ; do not rustle a newspaper ; bring the coal
up wrapped in paper, and put it on the fire with your hand.
Do not allow visitors into the room indiscriminately, but
only such as are likely to be quiet and helpful. Always look
cheerful and pleasant before him, and, if he is low-spirited,
do your best to encourage him. Empty slops outside the
room, carefully clean all vessels, and keep a small quantity of
some disinfectant in the bed-pan. Never leave the room
without looking round to see if there is anything you have to
take with you. ♦

Arrangement of the Sick Boom. — This room, if possible,
should be on the cheerful and quiet side of the housa A
fireplace as a means of ventilation is most essential The
bed should not be exactly facing the window, and it should
be near the centre of the bedroom, that air may get to it on

Pabt II.] VENTILATION. 165

all sides, and the nurse move easily round it. Screens may
be placed, if necessary, so as to exclude superfluous light
and draughts. AH useless ornaments and articles likely to
form a lodging for dust must be removed, but a daily supply
of fresh flowers will tend to brighten and enliven the room.
Place a small table by the bed within easy reach of the patient,
and on it any drink, fruit, &c., that he may be constantly
desiring. Keep the medicines handy, bul all poisonous drugs
should be kept carefully by themselves, and preferably under
lock and key. The temperature of the room should be from
60^ to 65^, except in bronchitis, croup, or other diseases, in
which the doctor's orders must be taken. The thermometer
should neither hang exactly over the fireplace nor in the
draught from the window.

Ventilation. — This is a most essential requisite, but for
which probably least provision is ordinarily made. When
possible, and it is very seldom not so, one of the windows
should always be down an inch at the top ; a screen being
arranged, so that there shall be no draught on the patient.
Do not be afraid of night air. This fear is a popular delus-
ion j in towns, at any rate, the night air is usually the purest.
A small fire or a lamp in the grate will help greatly to purify
a room. On no account burn pastilles and spray scent about
a sick room; such means only conceal the smell without
purifying. If there is any smell, let it be removed by venti-
lation. In very cold weather, or when the patient is suffering
from certain throat and lung affections, the room must be
ventilated thoroughly three or four times a day, by either
opening the window freely for a few minutes, and covering
the patient entirely with blankets, or by first admitting fresh
air into an adjoining room, and then, when it is warmed,
opening the intervening door. It is seldom advisable to
ventilate by means of the door j the stale air of the house,
kitchen smells, and noises get in at the same time. The

166 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pakt H.

number of cases in which the window is better kept closed
is quite infinitesimal. It is a most fearful but popular
mistake that fresh air is in some way poisonous.

Washing. — Unless otherwise ordered, the patient should
have his body sponged over as far as practicable every
morning, and the face and hands again at night. There are
few diseases in which this is impracticable if it is carefully
performed, and too iiuch of the body not exposed at one time,
and it adds greatly to the patient's comfort. The teeth and
mouth require especial care if he is unable to attend to them
himself, or dark-coloured foul discharges gather round the
teeth and gums. The nurse should in these cases dip a rag in
sanitas and water, or lemon juice and water, and carefully
cleanse the teeth and gums with it, afterwards burning
the rag. In some fever cases this must, be done very fre-
quently. A small piece of stick with the rag tied to it is pre-
ferred by some. Mackintoshes over the sheet to protect it
whilst washing are useful, but they strike terribly cold unless
first well warmed.

Bathing. — This must only be done under instructions from
the doctor. Get everything ready before disturbing the
patient, as quickly and noiselessly as possible, and avoid all
undue exposure, especially during the operation of drying.
The following list will be useful : —

Cold bath, ... 40° to 60° Fahrenheit.

Tepid bath, ... 70° „ 80°

Warm bath, ... 80° „ 95° „

Hot bath, ... 96° „ 100^ „

On no account have the temperature over 100** F. unless
specially ordered.

Bed making. — Have all sheets, blankets, changes of linen,
&c., well aired immediately before use. In all bad cases
with much haemorrhage or discharge, keep a clean Mackintosh

Part TL] BED MAKING. 167

under such part of the patient as is requisite, and place a
draw sheet over it. The draw sheet is one of a nurse's most
serviceable agents, keeping the patient dry, and protecting
the bed ; in some cases it requires changing frequently, and it
is of the utmost importance that this should be done with
the feast possible disturbance. A soft old sheet having been
folded to the required width (generally two feet), let the sheet
be rolled up at one end, leaving just suflficient of it to pass
under the patient's buttocks. When the sheet is wet, draw
it through from the side opposite to the one under which it
was first passed, unrolling just enough of the clean end to
secure a dry piece under the buttocks. The soiled end may
then be rolled up tightly and pinned. In this way one draw
sheet will be sufficient for several changes, and by pinning a
clean one to it, a succession of drawsheets may be passed
under a patient with the least possible disturbance. When it
is necessary to change the bedclothes of a bed-ridden or nearly
helpless patient, the following will be found an easy course
to pursue: — Having a clean sheet half rolled up, turn the
patient on one side, roll up the dirty under sheet as close to
the patient as possibfe, and place the unrolled half of the
clean sheet over that portion of the bed from which the dirty
linen has been removed ; then turn your patient on to this,
and having removed the remainder of the dirty sheet, and
replaced it by unrolling the clean one, the patient will be
made comfortable very rapidly and with the least possible
inconvenience. If the patient is too weak to be thus moved,
it is not difficult to change the under sheet without much
disturbance, provided the aid of an assistant is secured. With
this method it is necessary to begin at the head of the bed,
to gradually roll up the dirty sheet, and at the same time to
replace it with the clean one, which must be rolled up and
put in readiness at the head of the bed before the dirty linen
is removed. With a little practice this may be done quickly,

168 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt H.

and without any discomfort to the patient. In surgical cases,
fractures, &c., the patient may grasp the bed-pull, and thus
raise himself suflGiciently to allow ^the sheets to be changed
without any trouble or delay.

' Bed-pan. — Should be covered with loose flannel and kept
near the fire. The slipper shape is the one more easily used.
Introduce it at the side of the bed, bend the patient's knees,
and slip it under him. Place some disinfectant powder in it
before use ; cover it afterwards with some more powder, and
remove it immediately from the roonu

Feeding-cup. — Should have a nicely curved spout, better if
at right angles with the handle. Scald it after use.

Feeding. — Bring the meals on a tray covered with a clean
napkin. Prop the jpatient up with bed-rest or pillow, cover
his shoulders, and put a napkin under his chin. If he has to
be fed, do not hurry him, wash his mouth afterwards, and
make him comfortable. Eemove all food from the room at
the end of a meal. Do not in severe cases let him sleep too
long without food, but in these cases get instructions from the
doctor, as sleep may be more beneficial than food. Feeding
a patient in an unconscious or semi-conscious state is often a
matter of some dijQQiculty : the points to remember are — (1) to
give only a small quantity at ojice ; (2) to pass it well back
to the root of the tongue. This often seems a bold plan, but
really it is safer than the more timid practice of just passing
it between the lips. In the former case it immediately calls
into action those muscles concerned in the act of swallowing,
and usually at once disappears; in the latter it remains
gurgling and accumulating in the mouth, until it is perhaps
suddenly drawn into the windpipe by the patient taking a
deep breath, when it gives rise to alarming symptoms of
choking. Sometimes it is possible, if the patient keeps his
teeth firmly clenched, to pass one finger between the teeth
and cheek, and draw the cheek outward, thus forming a

Pabtil] administration op medicines. 169

pouch into which the nourishment may be poured ; then by
withdrawing the finger and keeping the head low, the liquid
may often be pressed into the centre and back part of the
mouth, when it is immediately swallowed. In these cases
only liquid nourishment must be given. In any severe case
it is advisable to get the medical man in charge of the patient
to order in writing the diet of the patient, and this must be
strictly adhered to. Sodawater and milk (3 parts to 1 ) is a most
refreshing drink for a feverish patient. In cases of serious or
exhausting disease, always give the patient a little warm food
— warm milk or arrowroot — ^with perhaps a little brandy in
it just before he settles down for the night. Also have ready
for him when he wakes early in the morning a little warm
nourishment, and keep rather more fire going, as it is at this
time that the period of lowest temperature of the body is
reached, and a little extra warmth should be furnished, that
he may quickly rally from any approaching exhaustion.

Preservation of Ice. — Ice in many cases of illness is so valu-
able that any hint as to its preservation is useful. To prevent
it from melting too quickly the great need is to drain its water
away as quickly as it forms. This is best done by getting a
piece of coarse flannel with large open meshes, and tying it
round the mouth of an ordinary tumbler, so as to leave a cup-
shaped depression of flannel to half the depth of the tumbler.
This flannel cup may be filled with small pieces of ice, and
another piece of flannel put over the top. A reserve supply
in a cool place outside the bedroom may be secured by
making a flannel cup on the above plan, in a jug, and filling
it with ice, care being taken that there is space enough below
the bag to allow the water to collect, and leave the ice dry.
Ice is best broken into small pieces by the point of a strong
needle or skewer.

To give Cod Liver or Castor Oil. — ^Binse out a wine glass
with a little brandy, leaving a few drops at the bottom of the

170 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt II.

glass. Pour the dose of oil into the glass, and the spirit will
roll the oil, so to speak, into a ball like the yolk of an egg,
which can then be easily swallowed without any unpleasant
taste. A little milk may be afterwards taken. Another good
plan is to divide a lemon, squeezing the juice from each half
into a separate tumbler. To the one add a wine-glassful of
water, and sufficient sugar to make it palatable. In the other
tumbler, beat up the dose of oil with the lemon juice, then
add some sugar and a little water ; stir this well up to the
moment of swallowing, and after taking it, give the patient
the previously prepared lemonade. Others recommend that
the oil should be mixed with milk or coffee, or, better still,
with a small basin of soup. It may be added that one tea-
spoonful of glycerine and two teaspoonfuls of castor oil make
a most effectual dose.

To apply Leeches. — Thoroughly clean the skin, and smear
a little milk or porter over it. Place the leech or leeches in
a glass, and invert over it. When gorged, they will usually
drop off; if they do not, sprinkle a little salt over them.
Never place them over a large vein. If more blood is
desired, bathe the bites with hot water, or apply hot fomenta-
tions for a few minutes. If they bleed too freely, place a small
thick pad of lint over them, and press firmly for some time.

To apply a Blister. — ^Blistering fluid may be painted on

the part, or a plaster may be employed. The former is

cleaner and more simple. The -latter should be bandaged

on, not stuck down with adhesive plaster, which would be

drawn upon after a time as the blister rose, and cause much

pain. It usually takes six to twelve hours for a blister to

rise. When risen, the blister may be pricked to let out the

fluid, and dressed with some simple ointment, or the thin

rais^ skin may be removed altogether by cutting round its

. fldssors, and then the raw surface dressed with

\m^nt, or, if it be <? "^ep the blister open

ime, with savin o 'lister does not

Part II] ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICINES. 171

rise after twelve hours, a poultice or hot water dressing will
often cause it to do so.

To give an Enema. — Pass first plenty of hot water through
the apparatus, with the object of warming it, and also of
seeing that it works properly. The point must be oiled, and
introduced into the lower part of the bowel, the patient lying
on his left sida Enemas are given with two objects — (1) to
relieve the bowels, when not less than 1^ to 2 pints of liquid
must be used ; (2) to supply nourishment to the patient, or
to relieve diarrhoea, when small injections must be given of
2 to 3 oz. j — a small elastic bottle of that size is best for these
cases. When large injections are used, they must be very
gradually pumped up, stopping occasionally when they cause
straining, till it has passed away. The second class of
injections are used small, that they may be retained as long
as possible. The following are some of the most commonly
used injections : —

(1.) Warm soapsuds and water.

Warm gruel very thin, strained through fine muslin,

or it will clog the instrument.
Castor oil, 2 or 3 oz. added to either of the above.

(2.) Starch injection, 2 oz. of thin starch with 30 drops
of laudanum. This is to relieve diarrhoea, and must
only be given to a grown-up person.

Nourishing injections must be given under instructions from
the doctor. They are now usually mixed with one of the numer-
ous digestive extracts so much in vogue, which causes them to
undergo a process of artificial digestion in the lower part of
the bowel, and to be more readily taken into the system.

To gi¥e Suppositories. — Introduce them with the finger for
a short distance into the lower part of the bowel, the patient
lying on his left side.

Sabcataneous injections should on no account be given,
except after instructions and directions from the medical man.

174 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

of linseed meal ; add boiling water, and stir constantly with a
wooden spoon or spatula till it is of the proper consistence ;
be careful not to add too much water. When mixed, turn it
out on a piece of clean rag or tow (muslin, called tiffany,
about 2d. a yard, is better than rag or tow) of the requisite
size, and spread it evenly over the surface. Next fold the
sides of the muslin neatly into the margin of the poultice, and
spread a little vaseline or sweet oil over its surface. If this is
done, and too much water has not been added, it will not adhere
to the skin on removal, but, to prevent this, some persons
prefer to lay a piece of very thin muslin over it. Apply it
as warm as it can be borne ; cover it with a thin sheet of
Mackintosh, and apply a bandage, or, if on the body, pin a
warm towel round the body to keep it in place. A poultice
thus applied ought to keep hot for about four hours, and should
then be removed.

Charcoal Poultice, — Made by adding two or more table-
spoonfuls of finely powdered charcoal to the linseed. It is
most valuable in removing the smell from fioul wounds.

Opium Poultices, — Pour a teaspoonful of laudanum over
the surface of the linseed poultice. Used to relieve pain.

Bread Poultice, — Put the necessary quantity of stale bread
into a basin, and pour over it suflBcient boiling water to soak
it thoroughly ; let it remain for about five minutes with a
plate covering the basin, then drain off superfluous water,
and place the bread between layers of muslin or soft old
linen.

Jacket Poultice, — Two large linseed poultices, one to the
chest, the other to the back, and kept in place by a towel
pinned firmly round the body. Useful in many cases of acute
lung disease.

Mustard Plaster, — Mix ground mustard with warm water
to a thin paste, spread on brown paper or cloth ; cover it with
thin muslin, and apply it till surface is reddened ; this ought

Pabt II.] POULTICES. 175

to be on from twenty to thirty minutes. Mustard leaves
are generally used now; they are much cleaner and more
elegant, but give rise to more pain, and their effect is less.

Yeast Poultices. — One pound of flour or linseed meal mixed
with half a pint of brewer's yeast. The mixture to be heated
in a jar placed in a saucepan of water over the Are, and care-
ftdly stirred to prevent burning. When very hot, it must be
spread like other poultices on tow or muslin.

Bran Poultices, — Dry heat is often much more comfortable
than moist, especially when poultices from their position, as on
the face, cannot be everywhere closely applied to the skin. For
this purpose bran poultices are the most comfortable ones.
They are made by filling muslin bags with bran, and quilting
them once or twice, after which they are heated in the oven,
and applied. Two should be in use at the same time, one
in the oven, the other on the patient. Chamomile flowers
may be used instead of bran.

In some cases of neuralgia and lumbago greater heat is re-
quired ; then hot sand-bags will be found most serviceable.
They also retain the heat a very long time, and by their weight
exercise some pressure on the part, which again helps to
relieve the pain. Sand-bags are made by filling with sand
pieces of ticking sewn up as long and rather narrow bags ;
they must not be filled too full, or they cannot be so well
adjusted to the part.

Hot Fomentations. — Must be hot and well wrung out. New
flannel is the best material. Put a short round towel over an
empty basin ; place the dry flannel in the towel, and pour
over it plenty of boiling water. Quickly wrap the towel round
the flannel, and twist the two ends of the towel (into each
of which a wooden roller may be first inserted) in opposite
directions, so as to squeeze out all the water. Apply it
immediately, and cover it and the adjoining parts with a piece
of Mackintosh, or with another thick piece of dry flannel,

I

1 76 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt n.

doubled so as to thoroughly overlapj^the wet flannel on all
sides. These fomentations must be changed about every four
hours or as soon as they feel cold.

Poppy Fomentations. — Crush two poppy heads and boil
well in two pints of water ; strain, wring out a flannel in the
hot liquid, ^nd apply in the same way.

Turpentine Fomentations. — Sprinkle a tablespoonful of
turpentine over the surface of the hot flannel prepared as
for hot fomentations. Keep it on about twenty minutes, or
till the skin is quite red.

Laudanum Fomentations. — Sprinkle in the same way a
teaspoonful of laudanum over the surface of the hot flanneL
These may be applied continuously like the hot fomentations
as long as there is pain, being renewed when cold.

Cold Applications. — Ice-Bag. — Half fill a thin bladder or
india-rubber bag with small pieces of ice : if filled, it does not
adapt itself to the part. It must be renewed before the ice is
quite melted. Used to allay inflammation in a wounded part.

Evaporating Lotions, — Made with vinegar or spirit, in the
proportion of a wineglassful to half a pint. They must not
be covered, but left to evaporate quickly, as they thus act
by keeping down the temperature of an inflamed part. The
bed during their use must be protected by waterproof sheeting.
One or two folds of rag must be laid over the part, and kept
constantly wet with the lotion. It is a common mistake to
use too many folds of rag ; when this is done, the lower layers
get quite hot, as their lotion cannot evaporate : they thus
keep the part hot instead of cold. Any spirit — as gin or eau
de cologne — will answer the purpose. Such lotions are very
serviceable in reducing inflammation, but not so efficient
as the ice-bag, which should be reserved for extreme cases, as
a wounded joint, or an injury to the head, when inflammation
of the brain is dreaded.

Waier Dressing. — ^Dip a piece of lint of the requisite size

Part II.] LOTIONS AND LINIMENTS. 177

in hot water, apply to the part, and cover with a piece of
gutta-percha tissue larger than the lint, so that it will com-
pletely overlap it on all sides ; bandage it on firmly. Thus
applied, the lint ought to keep warm and moist for twenty-
four hours, or longer. Its action is that of a mild poultice,
and it generally succeeds that dressing on a discharging
wound.

Lotions, — Applied in the same way, dipping the lint into
the lotion, instead of into hot water. The lint soon gets
warm. Carbolic acid, sanitas, boracic acid, &c., are used in
this way as disinfectants to keep down smell and discharge ;
sulphate of zinc, alum, nitric acid, &c., as stimulants to in-
dolent, slowly healing wounds. It is always better to use a
disinfectant than water dressing alone, as any smell is thus
much more surely avoided j boracic acid is the least irritating
disinfectant.

Ointments, — Must be spread on lint, covered with another
piece of dry lint, and bandaged. They are exceedingly varied,
and of different uses. Zinc ointment and vaseline are in
most common use for ordinary dressings : the latter, however,
seems often to irritate the surrounding sound skin. Iodoform
ointment cannot be too highly praised for its usefulness in
taking away the smell from foul wounds: it is far more
serviceable than the disinfecting lotions, though the latter are
more generally used. Some people, however, object to the
smell of iodoform, which is a very peculiar one, and it also
stains linen permanently.

Liniments. — Pour a little liniment into the palm of the
hand, and rub briskly into the part till the hand is dry. In
using strong sedative liniments, as aconite or belladonna, or
irritating liniments, as croton oil, a little of the liniment must
be poured on a small piece of flannel, and then rubbed into
the desired part. Too much of these strong preparations must
not be used at once.

178 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

Bed-sores. — Much may be done to avoid bed-sores: by
frequent change of position ; by great cleanliness, smoothness
of the sheets, and dryness ; by sponging and powdering with
starch powder twice a day ; by keeping the bed free from
crumbs, &c. ; by the skilful arrangement of pillows and
timely use of air-cushions or water-pillows ; by rubbing the
skin over exposed parts with brandy, eau de cologne, or spirit
and water, and painting them with collodion, or a lotion
composed of equal parts of tincture of catechu and dilute
solution of acetate of lead. If the skin becomes red, these
remedies must be discontinued, and zinc ointment used with
pads so applied as to relieve the pressure on the painful part.
Any further stages must be brought under the notice of the
medical man.

Report for Doctor. — The nurse should always be able to
give the doctor an eoMict report of her patient's condition since
his last visit. For this purpose, she should make notes of the
following points on paper : — Quantity of food : nature, and
times at which it was taken; times of administering medicines ;
temperature (if necessary) at different times ; how long he
has slept; how often the bowels have been moved, &c.
She must also note, in many cases, the nature of the breath-
ing — the expression of the countenance, as to the amount of
pain, &c. ; whether there was delirium, and of what kind —
low and muttering, noisy and excited, &c. Any matter of a
peculiar kind from the stomach, bowels, &c., must be saved
for the doctor's inspection. These directions will be valuable
in almost any serious disease, but for any particular disease,
she should ask the doctor whether there are any points on
which he may desu'e to be informed.

To take a Patient's Temperature. — This is done by an
instrument known as a self-registering clinical thermometer.
The ordinary temperature of the body is 98J° Fahrenheit.
The index must first be shaken below this, by giving the

Part II.] PATIENT's TEMPERATURE. 179

thermometer a sudden swing or jerk with the bulb down-
wards. The bulb is then placed in the patient's armpit, and
the arm held closely to the side for five minutes by the watch.
The thermometer is then removed, and the temperature read
off as the index remains fixed till again shaken. Care must
be taken that the bulb touches the skin on each side, and
that no clothes intervene whilst it is in the armpit.

CHAPTER IV.

MINOB INJUBIES AND AILMENTS.

First help in cases of Accident. — Cany the patient as gently
as possible to the nearest and most convenient place. Care-
fully guard all wounded parts, and protect them from further
injury. Note if there are any wounds, or much bleeding,
taking such steps to stop the latter as have been indi-
cated. A shutter or hurdle is much more pleasant than a
jolting cart for his removal, but the men must take care to
keep in step. If there is much collapse, give some brandy
and water, but not in the reckless manner that is usual.
Loosen all the clothes about the neck, especially the collar
and necktie. Having reached home, or the place where he
is to remain, warm a bed and prepare to get him into it
quickly. If the feet are very cold, put hot bottles, or some
hot bricks wrapped in flannel, against them. Eemove the
clothes with the least disturbance possible, especially from
any injured part ; do not destroy them unnecessarily, but
where practicable cut up the seams. The boot and stocking in
an injury to the foot must usually be sacrificed, and the outer
trousers seam slit. If the arm is injured, remove the clothes
from the uninjured arm first ; it will then be easy to slip them
off the other. In the case of an injury to the head, keep it
raised on pillows, and put cold rags to it. It is the rule in
hospitals for every accident (except in special cases) to be
thoroughly washed all over, or at any rate the limbs, before
being put to bed, and this rule may well be applied to all
cases. Having thus made the patient comfortable, as far as

Part II. ] BRUISES : SPRAINS. 181

you know how, prepare for the doctor*s visit by getting ready
for him anything he may require — ^hot water, rags, basins,
jugs, scissors, lint, &c. ; much valuable time will often be thus
saved.

Bruises. — These require in the first place rest — without
which no wounded part can do well. At the discretion of the
doctor, or according to the inclination of the patient, bruises
may be treated at first with either hot fomentations (see p.
175) or cold evaporating lotions (see p. 176). If on the body,
the former must almost necessarily be applied, but if on the
limbs, the latter will often be more serviceable. When the
inflammation has subsided, and the discolouration is beginning
to fade, some stimulating liniment will help to hasten this
stage, and equal parts of soap and compound camphor lini-
ments will be found very agreeable, or the old remedy of
hartshorn and sweet oil mixed in the proportions of one part
of hartshorn, one of water, and two of sweet oil When
beginning to use the injured part, the support of a bandage
skilfully applied will be found most serviceable.

Sprains. — These require much the same treatment as bruises
if treated by an amateur. Some persons recommend leeches in
bad cases ; but they should not be used except by the orders of
a surgeon. After the first week, strapping—firmly and evenly
applied to the whole of the injured joint — will afford great
support and much ease. When the joint is again to be used,
the above-mentioned liniments rubbed into the part and a
firm bandage afterwards applied will give strength and sup-
port to the joint. Sir Erasmus Wilson recommends that in
these cases some warm lard should be taken and rubbed into
the sprained part for half or three-quarters of an hour ; some
cotton wool must then be wrapped round the joint, and a
light bandage applied. He states that sprains thus treated
recover much more rapidly than others.

Fainting Attacks. — Caused by an insufficient supply of

182 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

blood to the brain. Keep the head very low — Slower than
the body. .Give hot brandy and water ; put smelling salts,'&c.,
to the nose, and slap the forehead with a cold wet towel, or
dash cold water on the face. Open the windows wide. Rub
the limbs from below upwards to send the blood to the heart
and brain. Give stimulants as soon as the patient can swallow.

Epileptic Pits. — ^These vary very much in degree, and may
consist only of loss of consciousness for a few moments, when
the patient recovers as suddenly as he became ill, but remem-
bers nothing of the interval This requires no treatment,
except seeing that the patient does not hurt himself. But in
what is generally known as an epileptic fit, the patient falls,
foams at the mouth, struggles a great deal, becomes blue in
the face, and when the fit is over he remains in a dazed
stupid state for some time. There is too great a tendency to
struggle with such patients, to hold them down and keep
them quiet. This is a great mistake ; it does far more harm
than good. He should, if possible, be placed in the middle
of a large bed, and care taken that he does not hurt him-
self in his struggles, particularly that he does not strike
his arms violently against the sides of the bed. If, how-
ever, he falls when out of doors, roll up a coat, or put
something soft under his head, and control the limbs suf-
ficiently to prevent him from injuring himself, but do no
more. Put a cork or something between his teeth to prevent
him from biting his tongue. Do not attempt to make him
swallow anything. Unfasten his clothes, especially about the
neck and chest. Persons subject to these fits should not be
employed in any work in which they are likely to injure
themselves on the sudden advent of a fit.

Hysterical Fits. — ^Almost always occur in young girls, and
can generally be distinguished from epileptic fits by opening
the lids, and touching the ball of the eye. In hysteria this
part is sensitive, and the patient will wince, but in epilepsy

Part IL] FOREIGN BODIES IN EYE. 183

all sensation is abolished, and the patient will not feel any-
thing at all. Hysterical people, also, never bite their tongue
nor hurt themselves. If, however, there is any doubt, it
will be safer to treat it as an epileptic fit. In true hysteria
a few sharp strokes across the face with a cold wet towel, or
pouring some cold water from a height on to the face, will
usually cut short the fit, speaking firmly to the patient at the
same time. Do not treat such patients harshly, but be very
firm with them, and above all, never commiserate them;
this will only make them a great deal worse. As long as
sympathetic but unwise friends will rub their limbs, kiss
them, and condole with them, so long will the fit last.

Stroke. — Caused by arrest of circulation through some
portion of the vessels of the brain. Patient usually falls
down insensible, and there is found to be paralysis of one
side of the body. Lift him into bed, keep the head well
raised, and apply cold rags to his head. Be careful about
giving him anything, as he may not be able to swallow. Send
for a doctor.

Eoreign Bodies in Eye. — If under lower lid, easily removed
by drawing down the lid, and removing with the corner of a
handkerchief or towel If under the upper lid, may some-
times be removed by rubbing it towards the inner corner of
the eye, or by pulling the upper eyelid forward over th»
lower ; if these means fail, place a knitting needle or pencil
across the upper part of the M with one hand, take hold of
the eyelashes with the other, and turn the lid inside out over
the knitting needle, which must at the same time be pressed
downwards a little. By these means all the under surface of
the upper lid may be thoroughly examined. Sometimes a
sharp fragment of steel or dust will strike tHe clear part of
the eye itself, and remain embedded there. It is very diflScult
for an unskilled person even to see these small particles, as
they can only be detected in a certain light ; so if there is

184 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part H.

any suspicion of such an accident, application must be made
to a doctor. They have to be lifted out bodily by the point
of a sharp penknife.

Stye. — A small boil on the eyelid. Best brought forward
as quickly as possible by hot poulticing and fomentations.
Directly a yellow point forms on its apex, it should be pricked
with a lancet or fine needle, when the matter will escape, and
there will be at once great relief from pain.

Cold in the Eye. — May be best treated with poppy foment-
ations applied externally. Unless very severe, bathing with
alum lotion (a teaspoonful to a pint of water), and letting a
little of the lotion run into the eye, is preferable. If it gets
worse, or does not speedily recover, application should at
once be made to a medical man ; and all eye cases require
great care, for though to the ordinary observer the diseases
may appear similar, yet they may be very different, and re-
quire very opposite treatment.

CMlblains. — An inflammation of a portion of skin, caused by
cold, and generally occurring on the hands and feet. Best
treated by frictions with stimulating liniments; of these
compound camphor liniment is one of the best. Many people
find great relief from painting chilblains with strong tincture
of iodine. When they become what is called broken, they
must not be rubbed, but dressed with vaseline and cotton
wool.

Chapped Hands. — Protect them from cold cutting winds,
and dry them carefully after washing. A lotion of equal
parts of glycerine, spirits of wine, and rose water is very
serviceable, and does not make the hands smart so much as
glycerine alone. If they are very bad, spermaceti ointment
will cause less smarting. These applications should be used
freely at night, and old gloves should then be put on till the
morning.

Earache. — ^Apply a hot bran poultice, or laudanum foment-

PARTn.] EXTERNAL AILMENTS. 185

ations. If these do not relieve the pain, mix one drop of
laudanum with two or three drops of sweet oil in a tea-
spoon ; warm them well over a candle, and drop into the ear,
then re-apply the hot dressings. In cases of habitual discharge
from the ear, always consult a doctor.

Ingrowing Toe NaiL — Caused by wearing tight boots, or
by cutting down the comer of the nail too much. If only
just commencing, may be cured by continuously packing
oiled cotton wool under the outer edge of the nail, so as to
raise it, and push back the skin that tends to overhang.
This side of the nail also may be gradually scraped down
with glass till it is so thin that it yields. More severe cases
must go to the medical man. "•

Boils and Abscesses. — ^Must in almost all cases be poulticed,
or treated by hot fomentations. These relieve the pain
more than anything. Sometimes when the skin is irritable,
a crop of small boils will appear around the part from the
irritation caused by the poultice. A piece of lint, with a
hole cut in the centre, should then be thickly spread with zinc
ointment, and this should be applied first, with the hole over
the centre of the abscess, and the poultice over that.

Warts. — Best treated by touching them with nitric acid
repeatedly, at intervals of about a week. Stick caustic
leaves a nasty black stain, and is less eflGlcacious. The nitric
acid is best applied by dipping a small slip of wood into it
(the end of a match answers capitally), and then touching the
wart ; by this means too much acid is not used at one time.

Corns. — Remove as far as possible all pressure and friction
by protection with unirritating plaster, and easy boots.
Keep them cut down assiduously, and in time they may dis-
appear. Iodine paint is often useful The remedies are
legion, but effective ones are still wanting.

Whitlow. — A very severe inflammation of the fingers or
thumbs. Use hot poultices and fomentations. The matter

186 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Pabt II.

in these cases is generally deeply seated, and the skin is re-
markably thick, so if left to itself, it will burrow for a long
distance — often into the palm of the hand, — when it may
cause widespread and permanent mischief Th^e cases,
therefore, should always be opened early, and be under the
treatment of a medical man.

Pediculi — Lice in the head. Best cured by cleanliness,
washing with soft soap, and using remedies to kill the animals.
Of these the most harmless is stavesacre ointment, which may
be obtained at any chemist's. Other lotions are more
dangerous, and are some of them poisonous.

Bingworm. — Iodine paint is very useful when the ringworm
is on the head, and lately, sulphur ointment has been highly
spoken of; its advantage is that it is quite harmless. Gut the
hair quite short on the patches before applying remedies. Be
careful about using separate brushes and combs, towels, &c.
When on the body it is much more easily cured ; iodine paint
is perhaps best. There are a large number of remedies recom-
mended for this disease ; a few more may be mentioned : —
carbolic acid or creosote ointment, mercurial ointment, paint-
ing with blistering agents, and croton oil liniment, &c., but
it is best to keep to the first-named remedies, and if the case
does not then yield, call in further advice.

Vaccination. — After vaccination no effect is noticed till
about the third day, then there is a slight redness. On the
fifth to the sixth day a small blister begins to form at each
mark. On the eighth day this blister attains its full size,
and there is a red ring of inflammation around it. On the
tenth to twelfth day this inflamed ring gradually disappears,
and the blister dries up. At the end of a fortnight a brown
scab is formed, which falls off at the end of the third week.
Care should be taken that the places do not get rubbed and
irritated. Often there is a good deal of inflammation, and
the glands in the armpit swell, but these symptoms will

Part II.] INTERNAL AILMENTS. 187

almost always disappear without any treatment. Fomenting
with hot water or poppy fomentations will relieve the pain
if it is very severe.

Vomiting. — To relieve an urgent attack of vomiting till
help arrives is often valuable time gained, and may prevent
mischief. Warm drinks, &c., will usually be immediately re-
jected, but cold drinks taken in small quantities, and fre-
quently, will tend greatly to allay the irritability of the
stomach ; effervescing drinks act in the same way. Thus,
ice in small particles, iced milk and soda water, or iced
brandy and soda water, will help to tide over the diflSculty
till skilled help can arrive. If the attack obviously depends
on an undigested meal, an emetic of mustard and water may
cure it at once. A mustard poultice over the stomach is also
serviceable in most cases.

Diarrhoea. — In the diet of diarrhoea, farinaceous foods, as
arrowroot, sago, &c., should be taken, and either cold or
tepid, not hot. As a rule, brandy may be usefully combined
with them. Lime water and milk, or barley water, may be
drunk, and rest in bed is advisable. It is impossible to pre-
scribe any medicine without introducing opium or some drug
of that character, which should never be used except under
medical advice.

Trusses. — Are used when a part of the bowel protrudes at a
weak part of the walls of the abdominal cavity. It is neces-
sary to be careful in many details as to their application.
Thus the rupture, as it is called, always tends to come down
more when standing or sitting than when lying ; and as the
truss is used to keep it in place, and must only be put on
when the bowel is quite returned, it must be taken off last
thing at night, when the patient is lying down, and replaced
in the morning before rising, after seeing that the bowel is
returned. The skin also must be carefully sponged and
cleansed every night, and a little starch powder applied.

188 HINTS in" SICKNESS. [Part II

Care must be taken that the truss fits evenly, without press-
ing particularly on any one point, so as to cause a sore.

Elastic Stockings. — Much the same rules apply to these
as to trusses. Thus they must be removed at night when
in bed, and put on again in the morning before rising, or
hanging down the legs at all. It is also advisable to carefully
stroke the veins upwards from the foot to the thigh before
applying the stockings.

CHAPTER V.
INFECTION AND DISINFECTION.

There are certain diseases which are known to be infec-
tious, that is, able to be communicated from one person to
another, either by direct contact, through the medium of the
atmosphere, or otherwise. The present remarks will apply to
the acute infectious diseases commonly termed zymotic dis-
eases. The following is a list of them : —

Chicken-pox. Erysipelas. . Scarlatina, or Scar-
Cholera. Measles. let Fever.
Diphtheria. Puerperal Fever. Small-pox.
Enteric, or Ty- Pyaemia. Typhus Fever,
phoid Fever. Relapsing Fever. Whooping Cough.

A person suffering from any one of these diseases should be
thoroughly isolated from all other members oi the family. A
room should be prepared for him, by removing aU superfluous
hangings, carpets, curtains, pictures, &c. ; and two persons
should be told off to wait on him, who should not go near
any others. Great attention should be paid to the ventilation
of the room ; and if care be taken to prevent draughts from
blowing directly on the patient, not the least fear need be
felt in giving very free ventilation. There should be a little
fire in the room to promote free movement ot air. In the
same way, too, there need be no hesitation in washing a
patient daily, with the precautions we have before indicated ;
m fact, copious ablution is, in infectious cases, most essential,

190 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

though it has unfortunately come to be considered that venti-
lation and washing in such cases is prejudicial This notion
cannot be too emphatically condemned. A little Condy's
fluid in the water is an advantage. Perfect cleanliness must
be enforced in the sick room; and all slops, foul linen, i&c,
must have some disinfectant poured on them, and be imme-
diately removed from the room. A sheet hanging outside
the door o( the room, and kept wet with a disinfectant
solution, is useful to prevent the spread of the disorder.
The bed should be placed in the centre of the room, and, if
necessary, a screen arranged so as to keep off any draughts
or glare of light. It cannot be enforced too strongly, that
there are no means of cutting short these fevers ; they run
a stated course, and the object in treatment is to nurse the
patient carefully through such course, keeping a vigilant
watch, and trying to prevent the different complications
peculiar to each of them. During the course of the disease,
food, if taken, is not digested, and therefore must not be
unduly pressed on the patient. Milk and beef-tea will be
his almost sole support, combined with stimulants, under the
guidance of the doctor. Cold water is generally most ear-
nestly begged, and it may certainly be allowed, if too much
is not taken at any one time. The person acting as nurse
must be careful not to bend over the patient and inhale his
breath, and also not to meddle with any of the foul linen
and other matters more than is absolutely necessary. A
walk in the fresh air once a day is also very desirable for
her. Should the patient become delirious, do not employ
straight waistcoats, do not talk to the patient, nor contradict
him, and, above all, do not wrestle with him. All these
things are quite unnecessary. If the nurse is calm and
gentle, and knows how to manage her patient, a little tact is
all that is required. She should, however, never lose sight
of him for an instant ; and aJI dangerous weapons should be

Part II.] TREATMENT OP INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 191

removed. Ko sponges must be used, and, as far as prac-
ticable, everything that can be burnt after use must be so
treated, such as poultices, dressings, &c. No woollen garments
should be worn in the room, but dresses of cotton, or some
material that will wash. There are certain public duties
which ought to be performed in connection with this class of
disease. Thus in some towns it is compulsory, and in all
cases it ought to be the rule, that the medical officer of
health or inspector of nuisances should be immediately
made acquainted with any case of infectious disease. One of
these officers would then, if necessary, visit the house, and give
directions, disinfectants, &c., that would tend to limit the
spread of the disease ; but it need not be feared that he will
interfere with the proper duties of the medical attendant.
Again, if a patient has to be removed from one place to
another, and there is no proper ambulance for the purpose,
notice must be given to the cabman as to the nature of the
case, and he must be paid such reasonable sum, in addition
to his fare, as will enable him to disinfect his cab. K he do
not do so, he is liable to be fined heavily.

In Scarlet Fever and Small-pox, the scales and dusty
powder escaping from the skin are highly infectious. To
prevent their diffusion throughout the room, it is advisable
to smear the body of the patient daily with camphorated oil,
or, better still, with carbolic oil (made by adding one part of
pure carbolic acid to forty or sixty parts of olive oil). In
measles there is a great tendency for bronchitis and other
lung complaints to develop. More care must therefore be
taken to protect the patient from draughts, and the tempera-
ture of the room may be kept a little higher.

In Enteric Fever, there are numerous small points to be
noted. There is in this disease a great tendency to the for-
mation of bed-sores, so that these must be carefully watched
for, and troated as before directed. The sufferer lies usually

192 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [?abt II.

in a low state of muttering delirium, and never asks for
anything, so that liquid food, or food, must be given to him
constantly, in small quantities, or the mouth will get dry,
cracked, and sore, and he will then refuse to take anything.
Nasty, brown, foul discharge collects about the teeth and gums,
which must be constantly wiped away as before directed.
This disease has always accompanying it ulceration of the
bowels, so that nothing but liquid, or later semi-liquid food
must be given, even after the fever has passed away. If
meat or solid food is given too soon, it causes irritation and
fresh ulceration over the healed sores, and is a frequent cause
of relapse. It is probable that the infection in enteric fever
is contained for the most part in the discharges from the
bowels. These should be received into a bed-pan containing
some disinfecting powder, should immediately be covered
with more of the same powder, should be then taken away
directly and buried in a deep hole, away from any house,
water course, &c,, or they may be more safely burnt imme-
diately.

Typhus Fever. — This is very different to typhoid. It is a
great pity that the names are so similar, and, consequently, so
often mistaken. More often typhoid is now called enteric
fever, and it will be well if this name is universally adopted.
Typhus fever is exceedingly infectious, and demands free
ventilation in its treatment.

After Measures. — When a case of illness from any infec-
tious disease has terminated, the sick room and its contents
must be thoroughly disinfected and cleansed. Everything
that can be destroyed without much loss should be burnt.
The different articles and clothing, bedding, Ac, that remain
should be hung on lines about the room, the chimney, windows,
doors, and all crevices should be stopped, and about a quarter
to half a pound of sulphur should be burnt in the room.
This is done by putting the sulphur, broken into small

Part II.] DISINFECTION. 193

pieces, into an iron vessel, supported by the tongs over a
pail of water to prevent the risk of fire, and adding some
red-hot coals to it. The room must be immediately closed,
and left for a few hours. It is necessary to remember that
the fumes from burning sulphur are very poisonous. After
this, all doors, windows, &c., must be thrown open, and
remain so for some days. All paper should then be stripped
from the walls and burnt, the ceiling should be whitewashed,
the floors, and all paint, walls, furniture, &c., scrubbed with
carbolic soap and water, and the chimney carefully swept.
Mattresses and things that cannot well be washed should, if
possible, be disinfected by heat in a proper chamber or disin-
fecting oven. There ought to be one of these in every
large town, where such articles could be disinfected at a
fixed rate. All things that are sent to the wash should be
boiled for some time, and some carbolic acid added to the
water. The bedsteads, &c., must be washed with a solution
of sulphurous acid, care being taken not to touch the brass-
work, which would tarnish at once.

No children should be allowed to attend school from a
house where there is infectious disease till they can bring a
medical certificate that there is no fear of infection. In case '
of death, there should be no delay in the burial of the body,
and plenty of chloride of lime or carbolic powder should be
placed in the coffin.

A few words in conclusion as to the disinfectants to be
recommended. This must vary a good deal according to the
purpose which they have to fulfil.

To disinfect thoroughly an empty room, nothing can com-
pare with the fumes of burning sulphur, used as above
directed. When a patient is lying ill in the room, no disin-
fectant will do the least good, unless used to such an extent
as to be dangerous to the patient. The practice of making
the room smell horribly with chlorine from chloride of lime is

N

194 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

useless and dangerous also, as chlorine is a most irritating
gas. Some sanitas sprayed about the room is the only thing
we can then advise ; it does no good as a disinfectant, but it
has a most pleasant, agreeable smell, and re&eshes and puri-
fies the room.

As a pure disinfectant nothing is so good as carbolic acid,
either as a liquid or powder, for the bed-pan, soiled linen, &a
The great objection to it is its smell. Its use must be ad-
vised, but if it is strongly objected to, chloralum, which is
without smell, as well as being non-poisonous, may be recom-
mended. Permanganate of potash (Condy's fluid) is good,
but will stain very much. Chloride of zinc is also good, but
is very caustic, unless much diluted.

The following penalties are incurred under "The Public
Health Act, 1875," by the exposure of infected persons or
things : —

A person suffering from a dangerous infectious disorder, who wilfuUy
exposes himself, without proper precautions against spreading the disorder,
in any street, public place, shop, mn, or public conveyance ; or entering any
such conveyance without previously notifying to the owner, conductor, or
driver thereof that he is so suffering : a person in charge of such a patient
who thus exposes him : a person who, without previous disinfection, gives,
lends, sells, transmits, or exposes any bedding, clothing, rags, or other flings
which have been exposed to infection ; is, on conviction, Uable to a penalty
not exceeding £5 (Section 126).

No proceedings can, however, be taken against any persons transmitting,
with proper precautions, articles to be disinfected.

If a person suffering from any dangerous infectious disorder enters a public
conveyance without previously notifying to the owner or driver that he is so
suffering, he is liable, under Section 126, in addition to the penalty, to pay '
the owner and driver the amount of any loss or expense they may suffer in
carrying into effect the provisions of the next section (127), which provides
that every owner or driver of a public conveyance shall immediately provide
for its disinfection after it has, with his knowledge, conveyed any person
suffering from a dangerous infectious disorder.

Persons knowingly letting for hire a house, room, or part of a house in
which any person suffering from a dangerous infectious disorder has been,
without having the premises and all articles therein liable to retain infection
didnfected to the satisfaction of a legally qualified Medical Practitioner
(testified by certificate), are liable to a penalty not exceeding £20. An inn-
keeper is to be deemed to let part of a house to any person admitted as a
guest (Section 128).

False answers to inquiries as to the existence of infectious disease in the
house are punishable by a fine of £20 (Section 129).

CHAPTER VI.
SICE-BOOM COOEEBT AND FOOD.

Beef Tea. — Cut up two pounds of lean beef, place it in a
jar, add a breakfast-cup of cold water, let it stand for one
hour, put the jar in a saucepan of water, let it simmer for an
hour, then strain.

Raw Meat Soup. — ^Very beneficial in convalescence from
typhoid fever, or in cases of extreme exhaustion. One pound
of raw fillet of beef, free from fat or skin, should be chopped
small, and placed in a jar with one pint of water and five drops
of hydrochloric acid. Stand this in ice all night, and in the
morning put the jar into a pan of water, at 110° F., over a
slow or gas stove, and he&p it two hours at this temperature. It
is then to be strained through a stout cloth until the remain-
ing mass is nearly dry. This may be given in two or three
doses in the course of twenty -four hours, or, in extreme cases,
a wine-glassful every two or three hours. If the raw taste be
objectionable, the beef may be quickly roasted on one side
before being chopped.

Restorative Beef Essence. — Cut up a pound of lean beef,
add a little salt, and put it into an earthen jar with a lid ;
fasten up the edges with a thick paste, and place in the oven
for three or four hours ; strain through a coarse sieve, and
give two or three tea-spoonfuls at a time.

Mutton BrotL — Take about a pound of the lean part of
neck of mutton, cut it up small, place it in a saucepan with a
pint of cold water, remove the scum as it rises. When thia

196 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

ceases, add a dessert-spoonful of pearl barley, boil for two
hours, and strain. It may be flavoured with pepper and salt
if agreeable.

Chicken Broih. — Gut up the parts of chicken, immerse in
cold water in a saucepan, and boil for two hours, skimming
off the fat.

Veal Tea. — To be made like mutton broth.

Panada. — Scrape some chicken or veal very finely with a
knife, add an equal quantity of stale bread that has been
soaked in a little milk and squeezed dry; pound them together
in a mortar. It may be cooked, either mixed with veal or
chicken broth, or poached in pieces like an egg, and served on
mashed potato.

Egg and Brandy Mixture. — Eub together the yolks of two
eggs and a table-spoonful of sugar, then add two wine-glassfuls
of brandy and two of cinnamon water. Given as a stimulant.

Oatmeal Porridge. — Put just enough coarse Scotch oatmeal
into a saucepan to cover the bottom of the saucepan, fill it with
cold water, then boil it, let it simmer for three or four hours,
stirring occasionally ; pour it into a basin, and stir in milk to
taste.

Oatmeal GrueL — Mix one table-spoonful of groats with two
of cold water; pour on them one pint of boiling water, stirring
all the time ; boil for twenty minutes, still stirring ; sweeten
with sugar, and add sherry or brandy to flavour it if wished.
Milk may be used instead of water.

Arrowroot or Com Flour. — ^Take nearly a dessert-spoonful
of the former, or rather more than that quantity of corn flour,
mix it smoothly with two table-spoonfuls of cold water, then
pour on it half-a-pint of boiling water or boiling milk. Flavour
with sugar, lemon, or nutmeg to taste, and if made with
water, sherry or brandy may be added.

Sago. — Boil a table-spoonful of sago with a breakfast-cupful
of milk for twenty minutes. Sweeten and flavour as desired.

Part II.] SICK-ROOM COOKERY. 197

Barley Water. — ^Wash well two ounces of pearl barley; then
boil it for twenty minutes with a pint and a half of water in
a covered vessel, and strain ; sweeten and flavour with lemon
peel or lemon juice as desired.

Linseed Tea. — Pour a pint of boiling water over two table-
spoonfuls of bruised linseed in a jug; cover it lightly, and
stand it near a fire for three or four hours, then strain. Add
sliced lemon or sugar-candy to taste. Some flavour it with
liquorice.

Lemonade. — Gut a lemon in thin slices, place the slices in
a jug, and pour over them a pint of boiling water. Leave till
cold, then strain ; sweeten to taste.

Toast and Water. — ^Toast a piece of bread thoroughly, put
it in a jug, and pour a quart of boiling water over it; cover it,
and leave till cold.

Whey. — Curdle some warm milk with rennet, and strain off
the liquid for use.

WMte Wine Whey. — Add a wine-glassful of sherry to half-
a-pint of boiling milk, then strain ; sweeten according to taste.

Treacle Posset. — Pour two table-spoonfuls of treacle into a
pint of milk when just beginning to boil ; let it boil up well,
and strain.

Raspberry Vinegar and water, or Black Currant Jelly
mixed with hot water, and allowed to cool, will make a very
nice drink for feverish patients.

Calves' Foot Jelly. — Clean two calves' feet cut into pieces,
and stew in two quarts of water till it is reduced to one quart.
When cold, take off the fat, and separate the jelly from the
sediment. To this stock put half a bottle of sherry, a wine-
glass of brandy, three quarters of a pound of sugar, four lemons
(the rinds of two only), the whites of four eggs beaten on a
plate into a froth ; boil for twenty minutes ; leave it about
ten minutes to cool a little, and then strain through a flannel
bag.

198 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

Restorative Jelly. — Three ounces of isinglass, two ounces of
gum arabic, two ounces of sugar candy. Put them together
into an earthen jar, pour upon them a bottle of sherry, tie the
jar up closely, and let it stand all night ; then set it in a
isaucepan of water, and let it simmer till all is dissolved.

An Omelette. — Four eggs, a little parsley, a small piece
of shallot, bread crumbs grated very fine to make it hang
together. Fry it of a nice pale brown, and turn one half
over the other. Serve with gravy in the dish.

French Omelette. — Take two eggs, beat the yolks and whites
separately; put a little pepper with the yolk, then pour
three-quarters of a cupful of new milk into the mixture, beat
it up well, mix the whites of the eggs with it, and again beat.
Put a little butter into the frying pan, melt it on the fire,
pour in the mixture, and keep stirring while frying. It
should be fried till it is set.

Savoury Jelly. — Take some thin slices of lean veal and
ham, and put them into a stewpan with a carrot, turnip, and
two or three onions, according to taste ; cover it with water,
and let it simmer on a slow fire till it is of a deep brown
colour; then put to it a quart of very clear broth, some
whole pepper, mace, a little isinglass, and salt to taste. Boil
it ten minutes, strain it, skim o£f all the fat, and put to it the
whites of three eggs. Turn it several times through a jelly
bag till it is perfectly clear.

Veal Soup. — A knuckle of veal, two cow heels, twelve
pepper corns, a glass of sherry, and two quarts of water.
Stew all the ingredients in an earthen jar for six hours. Do
not open it till cold ; when wanted for use, skim off the fat
and strain it. Heat as much as is required.

Custard or Egg Pudding. — ^Break an egg into a tea cup
and sweeten it to taste, beat well together, fill up with milk,
mix again, tie something over the cup, and boil for ten
minutes in a shallow saucepan.

Part II.] SICK-ROOM COOKERY. 199

Batter Pudding. — Add a tea-spoonful of flour to the
above, and mix with the milk, &c., before boiling.

Blanc Mange. — To one and a half ounces of isinglass put
one quart of new milk ; boil it, stirring all the time, till the
isinglass is dissolved, then add sugar, and any flavouring agent
that may be preferred, with a quarter of a pint of cream ; stir
again over the fire till it boils, strain it, keep stirring till it is
cold and begins to get thick, then put it into a mould.

Arrowroot Cream. — Beat well the yolks of three eggs;
dissolve a large table-spoonful of arrowroot in half-a-pint of
cold water, mix this with the eggs, sweeten with loaf sugar
to taste. Next boil the juice and some of the peel of a lemon
in a pint of water, pour it boiling on the other ingredients,
and stir over the fire till it thickens.

Orange Jelly. — Put one and a half ounces of isinglass into
a pint of water, let it boil till it is reduced to one half, take
the juice of nine oranges, the rind and juioe of half a lemon,
sweeten il^ to taste, boil it three or four minutes, then strain
through a bag.

Champagne, Claret, or Sherry Cup..— A bottle of wine,
a bottle of soda water, a small tea-cupful of lump sugar, a few
slices of lemon peel, grated nutmeg if desired, and plenty of
ice. The sugar should be powdered and mixed with the nut-
meg and lemon peel in the cup, and then the wine, soda
water, and ice should be added.

The above recipes, applying mostly to common articles of
sick room diet, will doubtless be found serviceable, but there
are many patent foods so much in vogue now that some
explanation of their uses and modes of action appears
necessary to guide the inexperienced nurse in her choice.
The most serviceable of these foods are those which have
undergo;pLe an artificial process of digestion, in whole or in
part, rendering them fit at once to be taken into the body
and assimilated, without taxing to any appreciable extent the

200 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part II.

feeble digestive powers of the invalid. In such an elementary
work as the present, it would take too much time, and would
involve too much technical detail, to describe the rationale of
the processes adopted. It will be more serviceable to divide
foods into Meat, Farinaceous, and Milk sub-divisions, and
shortly to note those under each head which are mostly
in use.

MEAT FOODS.

* Benger's Peptonised Beef Jelly. — ^This also has undergone
a similar process. It is in the form of a solidified beef tea.

Brand's Extract of Beef. — Sold in tins, in the form of
a jelly. Two sorts are sold — one to eat cold as a jelly, the
other to make into beef tea. This consists only of the juice
extracted by heat, and, like the former, has undergone no
process of digestion.

* Oarurick's Beef Peptonoids. — " A concentrated powdered
extract of beef, partially digested and combined with an equal
portion of gluten." The advantages of this preparation are
its portable form, its keeping properties, and its nutritious
qualities. Its taste is not very pleasant, however, and it
should therefore be well seasoned in some way.

* Darby's Fluid Meat. —Here the meat has undergone a
process of artificial digestion, rendering it a most nutritious
and easily digestible article.

Liebig's Extract. — This should be regarded chiefly as a
stimulant. Given with wine or brandy, it is useful in extreme
cases of prostration.

* Valentine's Meat Juice. — ^The same remarks apply as in
the case of Benger's Peptonised Beef Jelly.

The preparations marked with an asterisk are all highly to
be praised, and should be used for invalids in preference to
other forms.

Part II.] FARINACEOUS AND MILK FOODS. 201

FARINACEOUS FOODS.

Allen & Haaibnry's Melted Farinaceous Food.

Benger's Self-Digestive Food.

'^Liebig's Food for Infants," sometimes called "Savory
& Moore's.'*

These have all undergone much the same process. The food
has first been well cooked, and has then undergone an artificial
process of digestion, or been mixed with such principles as
render it very easily digested. These are the foods that
should always be given to children, either at their weaning,
or when they are being brought up by hand, and are of such
an age as to require something more than milk.

Mellins' Food. — This boasts of not being farinaceous, but
it belongs to this category. It differs only from the former, in
that the farinaceous principle is said to have undergone total
digestion, and thus to be fit at once for absorption into the
system.'

The difiFerent Malt Extracts and Maltine may be mentioned
as belonging to this class.

MILE FOODS.

Artificial Human Food. — Made by the Aylesbury Dairy
Company, and purports to be identical in composition with
human milk.

Attlis' Swiss Milk Food. — Condensed Swiss Milk, with
grains partially digested.

Condensed Milk. — Agrees well with some children, but
other children cannot take.it at alL

Nestle's Milk Food, for infants and invalids.

Koumiss. — ^An effervescing beverage prepared from milk,
also by the Aylesbury Dairy Company; some of the principles
of the milk are in a partially digested state, rendering it a
pleasant and nutritious drink.

202

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part II.

The above are all good. The first four are chiefly used for
children, and must be varied according to idiosyncrasy and
age.

MEAN TIME OF DIGESTION OF THE DIFFERENT

ARTICLES OF DIET.

The following table, showing the time it requires to digest
various articles of food, has been prepared by an American
physician, Dr A. Trego Shertzer of Baltimore. It cannot fail
to be of interest to many readers, and the many who suffer
from indigestion may find it the most interesting if not the
most useful paragraph in the book.

Name of Food.
XvlC6 • • • ...

Tripe, soused
Eggs, beaten
Trout, Salmon, fresh
Soup, barley
Apples, sweet, mellow
Venison steak
Sago

Tapioca

Barley

Milk

Eggs, fresh
Codfish, cured dry
Cabbage, with vinegar

Milk

Eggs, fresh

Gelatine

Turkey, domestic

Lamb, fresh

Hitsh, meat and vegetables

Beans, broad

Cake, sponge

Parsnips

Potatoes

Cabbage ...

How Cooketl.

u. u.

Boiled

. 1

Boiled...

. 1

Raw

. 1 30

Fried

. 1 30

Boiled

. 1 30

Raw

. 1 30

Broiled

. 1 35

Boiled

. 1 45

Boiled

. 2

Boiled

. 2

Boiled

. 2

Raw

. 2

BoUed

. 2

Raw

. 2

Raw

. 2 15

Roasted

. 2 15

Boiled

. 2 SO

Roasted

. 2 30

Broiled

. 2 30

Warmed

. 2 30

BoUed

. 2 30

Baked

. 2 30

Boiled

. 2 30

Baked

. 2 30

Raw

. 2 30

Pabt n.] DIGESTION OF AETICLES OF DIET.

Chicken, fnll-growa

Cufltard

Beef,aalt

Oysters, fresh

%gB, fresh

Beef, fresh, lean, rue ...
Pork, rec8D% ulted ...

Mutton, fresh

Dmnpluig, apple

Beefsteak

Mutton, freeh

Ojsters, fresh

Pork, recently salted ...

Pork-chops

Mutton, fresh

Bread, Com

Oystera, fresh

Beef, freah, lean, dry

Bntter

Cheese, old strong

Soup, mutton

Oyster HOQp

Bread, wheat, freah

Eggs, freah

20.1

Salmon, salted

Veal, freeh' "'. '.['. '.'.'.
Powla

Soop, beef, vegetables and bread

Soop, marrow-boneB

Vealjfresh

Ducka, wild

Pork, fot, and lean

Tendon

Snat, beef, fresh

Hnir Cooked. ii. ■.

Fricasseed 2 40

Baked 2 45

Boiled. 2 45

Raw 2 65

Soft-boiled 3

Boaated 3

Stewed 3

B-iiled !l

Boiled 3

Broiled 3

lloiled 3

Boaated 3 15

Broiled 3 15

Broile<l Jl 15

Broiled .3 15

Baked 3 15

Stewed 3 ai

Boasted 3 30

Melted 3 JJO

Hiiw 3 3»

l!"iled 3 3()

Boiled 3 30

lUked 3 30

Boiled 3 30

Hurd boiled ... 3 30

Fried 3 30

Boiled 3 45

]!<)Ued 4

Fried 4

Broiled 4

Boasted 4

Boasted 4

Boiled 4

Boiled 4 15

Fried 4 30

Roasted 4 30

Boasted *. 6 15

Boiled 6 30

Boiled 6 30

AUTHOR'S NOTE

It was necessary, in order to completely carry out the idea
of the author in the publication of this book, that some infor-
mation should be given as to where and how to obtain the
most suitable appliances, i.e., artificial limbs, trusses, approved
remedies, articles of food, invalid couches, and other neces-
saries for the sick room. The author felt he could not himself
undertake the responsibility of recommending the goods of
any particular or of certain special firms for the guidance of
the public ; but, acting under advice, he decided to set aside
a fixed number of pages for the insertion of advertisements
concerning such appliances and commodities. This part,
therefore, consists of such details concerning medical, surgical^
and sanitary appliances, invalid and general furniture, food,
and books, as the proprietors, manufacturers, or publishers
have deemed it advantageous or necessary to supply. Those,^
then, who are interested and who know most about these
matters have had an opportunity of writiog out of their
fulness of knowledge such an account of each as they consider
best calculated to do it justice. The author hopes that the
information thus supplied will be interesting and of service
to his readers.

FOODS AND MEDICAL PREPAEATIONS.

THE GROWN TEA COMPANY'S EOONOMIOAL TEAS.

Until recently tea was generally one of the most adul-
terated of articles. Not to mention the noxious colouring
by copper which is still in vogue among the Chinese, some
sorts were artificially weighted with iron filings, a magnet
for the detection of which may even now be found in some
brokers' offices, while used leaves were redried and supplied
wholesale to the public. All this is now changed, however,
and by dealing with any respectable house, the public may
rely on the purity of their favourite beverage. So popular
has tea become in this country, owing to its grateful and
palatable flavour, as well as its wonderful refreshing and re-
cuperative properties, that some 200 millions of pounds are
annually imported, the duty on the home consumption bring-
ing in to the Government a revenue of about £4,000,000.

This enormous bulk has naturally had the effect of reducing
prices considerably, and it is only old fashioned people or
dwellers in very remote districts who continue to pay from
3s. 6d. to 5s. 6d. per pound for the invigorating leaf. Indian
tea, too, has competed largely with the China growth for
public favour, and, as a rule, blends of the two varieties are
most in demand. In calling attention to the following list
of our absolutely pure teas, we beg to state that they yield to
none in strength and fragrance, while we are convinced that
nothing as clieajp has yet been offered to consumers.

208

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[Part III.

No.

Price per f^^JPf
1^ fori lb.
Sample.

lb.

1 Good Tea, Is. 44 6

2 Household Tea, Is. 8d. 6

3 Special Crown, 2s. 7

4 Fine Blend, 2s. 4d. 8

No.

Price per ?^S^
\i:*^ fori lb.

lb.

Sample.

5 Afternoon Tea, 2s. 8d. 9

6 Imperial Tea, 3s. 10

7 Pure Indian, 2s. 6d. 8

8 Finest Indian, 3s. 10

Agents wanted all over the kingdom:
Crown Tea Company, 19 Abchurch Lane, £.C.

DINNEFORD'S FLXHD MAGNESIA.

This is an excellent remedy for acidity of the stomach, and
relieves heartburn effectually without injuring the coats of the
stomach. It prevents the food of infants from turning sour
during digestion, and regulates the bowels if given with the
food or separately. The superiority of Dinneford's Magnesia
over"every other alkaline preparation in gout and rheumatic
gout is attested by the most eminent practitioners of medicine.
As a corrective for the acidity of wine, and to compose the
stomach when deranged by hard drinking or other excess of
the table, a wine glassful at bedtime frequently acts like a
charm. In warm seasons and hot climates it forms a most
delightfully cooling drink, and is undoubtedly the safest and
most gentle aperient for ladies and children.

" FER BRAVAIS," BRAVAIS DIALTSED IRON.

The simplest and most efficacious tonic. Probably no tonic
is so extensively prescribed as iron in one form or another ;
but all those who have taken it must have suffered more or
less from the inconvenient effect and disagreeable taste of the
usual mixtures and preparations of iron, all containing iron,

Paht m.] FOODS AND MEDICAL PKEPARATIONS. 209

combined with acids, wMch are injurious to the teeth and
stomach, and disagreeable to the taste. It is well known to
medical men that the stomach itself supplies acids enough
to combine with and absorb into the blood a neutral metallic
solution; but a neutral, yet sufficiently strong, solution of
iron, of absolute purity, can only be obtained by a difficult
and very slow chemical process called Dialysis. Mr Raoul
Bravais, a distinguished French chemist, was the first to
undertake the preparation on a large scale of such a solution,
and his Dialysed Iron (" Fer Bravais ") is neutral, tasteless,
entirely free from acids, and at the same time of uniform
strength and purity, so that it is prescribed by itself, in drop
doses, ensuring a certainty of results in the simplest and most
perfect manner. That Bravais* Dialysed Iron, "Fer Bravais,"
has realised all that can be required is amply attested by the
notices of it in the leading medical papers when it was first
introduced into this country, as well as by a distinguished
London physician, whose reports have been published. We
can therefore confidently recommend aU who need a tonic to
give Bravais' Dialysed Iron a trial, and we are convinced they
will not regret it After taking it for ten days or a fort-
night a marked improvement in general health and strength
will, in most cases be noticed. The treatment should then be
interrupted for a week, and then resumed, say, for another
fortnight. In this way the best eflfects are obtained. In con-
clusion, we may add that Fer Bravais is not a patent medicine,
but a thoroughly bond fide preparation, and one of the safest,
simplest, and best tonics for general use.

In bottles, price — full size, 4s. 6d. ; smaller size, 3s. each ;
with pamphlet containing full instructions for use. Sold by
all chemists and druggists, and at the ^' Fer Bravais'' London
Agency and Depot,

No. 8 Idol Lane, Ghreat Tower Street, £.G.

o

210 HINTS m SICKNESS. [Pabt HI.

FREEMAN'S GHLORODTNE.

This invaluable remedy produces quiet, re-
freshing sleep, relieves pain, calms and
strengthens the system under exhausting
^T^^^JJ^ diseases, restores the deranged functions, and
> stimulates healthy action of the secretions
of the body. Old and young may take it at all hours and
times when requisite. Thousands of persons testify to its
marvellous good effects and wonderful cures, while Medical
Men use it in the following diseases : — Coughs, Colds, Con-
sumption, Bronchitis, Asthma, Fever, Ague, Croup, Whooping
Cough, Diarrhoea, Cholera, Cramps, Dysentery, Epilepsy,
Hysteria, Palpitation, Convulsions, Colics, Spasms, Diabetes,
Cancer, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Gout, Tic-doloreux, Tooth-
ache, and all nerve pain.
Manufactured by the Sole Inventor,

Richard Freeman, Pharmacist, 70 Eennington Park Road,

London, SIS.

Sold by Patent Medicine Dealers in all parts of the world,
in Bottles, Is. l^d.j 2 oz. 2s. 9d.; 4 oz. 4s. 6d.; half-pints,
lis.; and pints, 20s. each.

MESSRS J. S. FRT & SONS' COCOAS.

Fry's Malted Cocoa, a combination of Allen & Hanburt's
Extract of Malt with J. S. Fry & Sons' pure Cocoa Extract,
supplies to invalids and all those possessed of weak digestive
powers a delicious, refreshing, and invigorating beverage for
breakfast, luncheon, or supper.

Both of its constituents being highly concentrated, the
Malted Cocoa is economical in use, and possesses highly
nutritive properties, and on this account can be recommended
with great confidence to the public.

Fry's Cocoa Extract is guaranteed absolutely genuine.

partiil] foods and medical preparations. 211

This pure and delicious Cocoa consists of choice Cocoa only,
from which the superfluous oil has been extracted. It is
easily soluble in boiling water, and is strongly recommended
to all who appreciate the full flavour and flne aroma of Cocoa.
Fry's Caracas Cocoa is prepared with the celebrated Cocoa
of Caracas, combined with other choice descriptions.

LIEBIG C0MPAN7S EXTRACT OF MEAT.

The value of beef-tea as an efficient tonic in all cases of
weakness and digestive disorder is now fully recognised by all
medical authorities. For weak or delicate children, invalids
during convalescence, or in other cases where solid food cannot
be taken or is undesirable, beef-tea is an article of the highest
utility. The point of importance is that it should contain
those really stimulating elements which are found in fresh
meat. Many of the so-called extracts of meat are, as described
by Madame Davidis, mere "gluey tablets of bouillon," and
there is no guarantee that they are not prepared from inferior
or even diseased meat. The Liebig Company's Extract of
Meat is prepared only from •the choicest, soundest, and
freshest meat, and under the direction of an experienced
chemist, appointed by Baron Liebig. It is also thrice
analysed before it is allowed to be offered for public sale.
Professor Bock of Leipzig, in his article " On Food," says :—
" Among all the artificially prepared articles of food Liebig
Company's Extract of Meat occupies the first place, owing to
its properties of exciting and accelerating the tissue-change
which renders it easy of digestion, and acceptable to the
feeblest and most disordered stomachs. The extract, con-
taining a considerable proportion of phosphates and oxide of
iron, is a medicine in the sense that even with the weakest
digestion it conveys into the blood elements which contribute
powerfully to the efficacious nutrition of the enfeebled body.
It therefore deserves to be recommended in all stages of

212 filNTS m SICKKESS. [Pakt HI.

convalescence, wkat of blood, and consumption, before pre-
parations of quinine and iron. The proper use of the extract
is, however, in conjunction with other articles of food espe-
cially vegetables, whereby the extract is endowed with the
full nutritive value of the meat." None is genuine without
the facsimile of Baron Liebig, the inventor's signature in blue
colour across the label *

NEAVE'S ^ABINAOEOnS FOOD.

Eeport from Dr Cameron, analyst to the City of Dublin :
— ''This is an excellent food, admirably adapted to the
wants of infants and young persons. The albuminoids, or
flesh-forming ingredients of this food, are very abundant;
and its large percentages of fat-producing materials will
effectually contribute to the maintenance of the heat and
work of the animal mechanism. This food may be used
with advantage by persons of all ages." SamL Barker, M.D.,
Hon. Physician to the Brighton Hospital for Children, &a,
in his work on ''Children, and how to Manage them in
Health and Sickness," says of this food: — "A readily digested
and highly nutritious product, containing a large percentage of
the flesh-forming constituents. Children thrive well upon it
Being also rich in phosphates, it is very useful where the
teeth and bone development is tardy. It is also excellent
for costive habits, being more laxative than some foods." The
late Dr Lankester, F.RS., says : — " I have pleasure in recom-
mending it^ especially for children." Sold by all diemists
and grocers, and manufactured by

J. R. Neave & Co., Fordingbridge, Salisbury.

PUKE COFFEE C01iPAN7S COFFEES AND TEAS.

The Pure Coifee Company, proprietors of coffee estates
and importers, forward their choice plantation coffee, gnaran-

PAETin.] FOODS AND MEDICAL PREPARATIONS. 213

teed absolutely pure, to any railway station in England on

receipt of remittance as follows :^^

«. d,

3 lb. tin, whole or ground, . . 3 9

7 „ „ . .86

14 „ „ . . 16

Prices of larger quantities, and of raw coffee, forwarded on

application.

Ceylon Tea.

The company supply this choice growth in 3 lb., 6 lb., and

10 lb. canisters.

8, d.

Pekoe Souchong, per lb., carriage paid, • 2 4

Orange Pekoe, ,» » ,3 4

The Lancet, 3d March 1883, says — ^''Housekeepers, and

particularly managers of large institutions, will be willing

enough, we may be sure, to give such coffee a trial."

James Morgan, Manager, 101 Leadenhall Street, London, E.G.

A. RGBS & CO.'S SPECIALTIES.
Robb^ Nursery Biscuits. — These biscuits have been used
in the nurseries of Their Boyal Highnesses the Prince and
Princess of Wales, and other members of the Eoyal Family, and
in those of the nobility throughout England and the Conti-
nent. They constitute a light, agreeable, and nutritious food,
contain in a concentrated form all the elements of nutrition
in due proportion, are patronized by the most eminent
physicians as the best and safest food for infants, and have
been solely manufactured by Messrs A. Eobb & Company,
79 St Martin's Lane, W.C., for upwards of fifty years. To
prepare the food it is. desirable to put one biscuit in a cup,
pouring boiling water over it, and then to cover it up. When
the biscuit is well soaked, drain off the water that remains,
then beat up the pulp and the food is ready for use. In
some cases a little boiled milk may be added, such addition

214 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part m.

to be regulated by the age and health of the child. These
biscuits also make a light and nutritious food for invalids.

Bobb's Nursery Biscuit Powder for Infants. — This powder
is made entirely from Robb's prepared nursery biscuits. It
contains all the essential properties of the biscuit, is more
portable for exportation, and will keep in any climate. To .
prepare it foruse, mix two dessert spoonfuls in a little cold
water, add half a pint of boiling water or milk and water, boil
the whole for ten minutes, and it is then ready for use. KobVs
biscuits and biscuit powder constitute the best food for
infants and invalids, and are solely manufactured by

Messrs A. Bobb & Company.

Under the Patronage of the Royal Family, at their Manofactory,

79 St Martin's Lane, London, W.G.

VAN ABBOTT'S FOODS.

A|^M^^ ' ^^A^^^!| ^ Diabetic Food. — The gluten bread and
xSiS^UmSUSS^ other suitable foods for diabetic patients,
manufactured by Van Abbott, of 5 Princes Street, Cavendish
Square, W., have acquired a world-wide notoriety for their
excellence. Diet tables and price lists may be obtained post
free on application. These foods received an award of merit
at the Medical and Sanitary Exhibition in 1881.

DELICATE CHILDREN.

Van Abbott's Hypophosphite of Lime Biscuits. — ^These
biscuits are specially suitable for delicate children and adults
suffering from nervous depression. In the case of delicate
children who are suffering from deficiency of bone, weak
chests, or debility, they are invaluable. Sole manufacturer,
Van Abbott, Invalid Food and Mineral Water Warehouse,

5 Princes Street, Cavendish Square, London, W.

paktiii.] foods and medical preparations. 215

SAVOBT AND MOORE'S SPECIALTIES

For invalids and persons whose digestive powers are im-
I^aired ; also for young children.

Flnid Meat. — ^The only preparation which contains the
whole constituents of meat except fat, in a semi-liquid form,
the value of which as a nutrient after illness of any kind, or
in cases where from old age or other causes digestion is
enfeebled, cannot be well over estimated. It is also an
excellent restorative after bodily or mental exhaustion.

Pancreatic Emulsion is the special kind of nutriment re-
quired for rapidly restoring digestive power, strength, and
weight. It supplies the system with the valuable solid form
of nourishment which cannot be obtained from oily emulsions,
nor oils of any description.

The Best Food for Infants. — Specially prepared for infants,
and used in the Royal nurseries.

Acting upon the advice and experiments of eminent physio-
logists and chemists, Messrs Savory & Moore have been
enabled to produce a food, or artificial human milk in a solid
state, containing all the elements necessary for the require-
ments of flesh, bone, nerve, and vital force, in a word,' a
cooked food of uniform composition, available for all climates,
and a ready and perfect substitute for the milk of the mother;
pleasant to the taste, without being unduly sweet ; wholesome
and nutritious, and, most important of all, a food which will
lay the foundation for a vigorous childhood and a healthy
adolescence.

Datura Tatnla. — In asthmn and difficult breathing, &c.,
affords the most prompt and effectual relief by its use in
either of the following forms : — Cigars and cigarettes — ^boxes,
3s», 6s., 8s., 15s. j pastilles and powder (for non-smokers' use)
— boxes, 2s. 6d., 5s., 10s. ; for use as tobacco — tins, 2s. 6d.,
5s., 10s., 18s.

Savory & Moore, 143 New Bond Street, London, W.

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

INVALID FURNITURE AND APPLIANCES.

OHOSLTON & DUODALIE'S UTTALID FTntNTrnSR
The " HzcelBlor " Patent Spring MattreBB. —Patronised by
Royalty, the Nobility, the Medical Profession, &c. Awards —
nine prize medals and ten certificates of merit.

The patented and peculiar arrangement of the " Excelsior "
ensures complete isolation where two or more occupy a bed,
the principle of construction effectually preventing depression in
the a

Hade U>Jtt any sixe <tfwood, bnus, or
Tli9 "Excelsior" InvaUd Bed, with appliance for raisiiig
an invalid to any angle, easily, painlessly, and immediately by

Inralid Chair. — The chair is made in
polished pitch-pine, or any other
wood to order, with moveable
back, and with or without adjust-
ablflileg-aupportandcastors. When
the leg-support is detached from
the chair, as it very quickly can
be, being attached by hook-hingw,
jt forms an excellent adjustable
bed-rest for supporting an invalid
when in-bed.

pAETin.] INVAUD PURSITDEE AND APPLIANCES. 217

Tbe " ZixcelsloT " Bed-Seet. Tlie " Matlock " Bed-Best.—
For supporting an invalid when in bed.
The "Uatlock" Invalid Coach, with §wivel arrangement

reducing length from 6 feet 9 inches to 4 feet 3 inchee.
Alao made in one length (not reducible) 6 feet 9 inches long.
An elegant and useful article of furniture, made in mahogany,
oak, pitch-pine, and imitation ebony. Retail firom cabinet-
makers, upholsterers, &c. Illustrated descriptive circulars
and price lists from

Ohorltoii and Dngdale, 19 BlackMan Street, MandieBter.

J. H. HAYWOOD'S SVBOIOAL AFH.IAKOES, INTALIDS
AND NUfiSEBT REQUISITES, AKD MACINETIO
AFFUAHCES.

Specialties. — Elastic Stockings, Ladies' Belts, Men's Belts,
Snspensory Bandages, Chest Expanding Braces, Chest Pro-
tectors, Bandages, Air Cushions, Crutches, Enema Apparatus,
Trusses, Spinal Supports, Leg Irons, Infants' Belts, Elastic

Webs, Urinals.

J. H. Haywood, Oastle Oate, Nottingham.

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

INVALID FURNITURE AND APPLIANCES.

OHOBLTON ft DuaSALE'S INVALID FUEHITUBE.

Tlie " Excelsior Patent Spring Mattress — Patronked by
Royalty, the Nobility the Medieal Profession &c. Awards —
nine prize medals and ten certificates of merit

The patented and peculiar arrangement of the "Excelsior"
ensurea complete isolation where two or more occupy a bed,
the principle of constrQction effectually prevmlttig depression in
the centre.

Made to jit any size qfwood, brass, or
Tha "ExcelsioF" Invalid Bed, with appliance for raisitig

an invalid to any angle, easily, punlessly, and immediately by

one person.
Tlis " ExceMoT " Invalid Ohalr. — The chair is nude in
polished pitch-pine, or any other
wood to order, with moveable
back, and with or without adjust-
abla leg-support and castors. When
the leg-support is detached from
the chair, as it very quickly can
be, being attached by hook-hingw,
;t forms an excellent adjustable
bed-rest for supporting an invalid
when in- bed.

PabtIILI raVAUD PIJRNITOBE and appliances. 217

Tbe " EzcsMor " Bed-Beet. The " Matlock " Bed-Rest. —
For enpporting an invalid when in bed.
Tbe "Hatlod:" Invalid Oouch, witli E^wivel arrajigement

reducing length iVom 6 feet 9 inches to i feet 3 inches.
AIbo made in one length (not reducible) 6 feet 9 inches long.
An elegant and useful aiiicle of furniture, made in mahogany,
oak, pitch-pine, and imitation ebony. Betail from cabinet-
makers, npholsterers, i&c. Illustrated descriptive circulara
and price lists from

(Siorltat and Dngdale, 19 BlackMaxB Street, Uaacheatet.

J. H. HAYWOOD'S STTRQIOAL AFPLIAITOES, mTAUDS
AND NUBSEBT BBQTTISITES, AlO) MAONETIO
APPLXANOES.

Specialties. — Elastic Stockings, Ladies' Belts, Men's Belts,
Snspensoiy Bandages, Chest Expanding Braces, Chest Pro-
tectors, Bandages, Air Cushions, Crutches, Enema Apparatus,
Trusses, Spinal Supports, Leg Irons, Infanta' Belts, Elastic
Webs, UrinalB.

J. H. Harwood, Oastle Qate, Nottingham.

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

INVALID FURNITURE AND APPLIANCES.

OEORLION & DUODALE'S INVALID FUBHITUBE.

Tho " Excelsior " Patent Spnttg Mattress. —Patronifled by
Royalty, the Nobility, the Medical ProfesBion, &c. Awards —
nine prize medals and ten certificates of merit.

The patented and peculiar arrangement of the " Excelsior "
ensures complete isolation where two or more occupy a bed,
the principle of construction effeetvaUy preventitig depresmn in
the eintTe.

Hade tojil any ike tifwood, br-aee, <n- iron bedeleadt.

The "Excelsior" Invalid Bed, with appliance for raising

an invalid to any angle, easily, painlessly, and immediately by

Invalid Ohair. — The chair is made in
polished pitch-pine, or any otber
wood to order, with moveable
back, and with or without adjust-
ablskleg-anpport and castors. When
the 1^-support is detached from
the chur, as it very quickly can
be, being attached by hook-hingss,
it forms an excellent adjustable
bed-rest for supporting an invalid
when in- bed.

Paw III] INVAIID FPRSITURE AND APPLIANCES. 217

Tlu " SzeeUor " Bed-Best. The " Matlock " Bed-Best.—
For supporting an invalid when in bed.
The "MatioA" InTalld Oonch, with ewivel arrangement

reducing length from 6 feet 9 inclies to 4 feet 3 inches.
Also made in one length (nob reducible) 6 feet 9 inches long.
An elegant and useful article of furniture, made in mahogany,
oak, pitch-pine, and imitatiou ebony. Eetail from cabinet-
makers, upholsterers, &c. Illustrated descriptive circulars
and price lists from

Otaorltoa and Dugdale, 19 Blackftiars Street, Uanchester.

J. H. HATWOOD'S SUBaiOAL AFFLIAKCES, INVALIDS
Aim miBSEBY KBQUI8ITBS, Ain) UAOHETIO
APFLIAHOBS.

Specialties. — Elastic Stockings, Ladies' Belts, Men's Belts,
Stutpensor; Bandages, Chest Expanding Braces, Chest Fro-
tectors, Bandages, Air Cushions, Crutches, Enema Apparatus,
Trusses, Spinal Supports, Leg Irons, Infanta' Belts, Elastic
Webs, ITrinals.

J. H. Haywood, Castle Gate, Nottingham.

HIHTS IN SICKNESS.

INVALID FURNITURE AND APPLIANCES.

OHOELTON & DUQDALE'S INVALID nTRNXl'UiUB.

The " Excelsior " Patent Spring Mattress. — FatronUed hj
Hoy^ty, the Nobility, the Medical ProfcBsion, &o. Awatda —
nine prize medals and ten certificateB of merit. .

The patented and peculiar arrangemeDt of the " Excelsior "
ensures complete isolation where two or more occupy a bed,
the principle of construction effectually jn-evetUitig depression in
the centre.

Mad', la jit any eize qfwood, brass, or iron bedttead*.
The " Excelsior" Inralid Bed, with appliance for rainng

an invalid to any angle, easily, painlessly, and immediate^ I^

one person.

The "Excelsior" Invalid Ohair. — The chair is made in
polished pitch-pine, or any other
wood to order, with moveable
back, and with or withont adjust-
ablaleg-Bnpportandcastors. When
the leg-support is detached from
the chair, as it very quickly can
be, being attached by hook-hingM,
{b forms an excellent adjustable
bed- rest for supporting an invalid
when in bed.

PAHTin,] INVALID FdRNITDEE AND APPLIANCES. 217

The " Excelsior " Bed-Rest. The "Matlock" Bed-Rest,—

For supporting an invalid when in bed.
Tha "Matlock" Invalid Couch, with swivel arrangement

reducing length from 6 feet 9 inches to 4 feet 3 inches.
Also made in one length (not reducible) 6 feet 9 inches long.
An elegant and useful article of furniture, made in mahogany,
oak, pitch-pine, and imitation ebony. Retail from cabinet-
makers, upholsterera, &c. Illustrateil descriptive circulars
and price lists from

Chorlton and Dugdale, 19 Blackfriars Street, Manchester.

J. H. HAYWOOD'S SUEGIOAL APPLIANCES, INVALIDS
AND NURSERY REQUISITES, AND MAONETIO
APPLIANCES.

Specialties. — Elastic Stockings, Ladies' Belts, Men's Belts,
Suspensory Bandages, Chest Expanding Braces, Chest Pro-
tectors, Bandages, Air Cushions, Crutches, Enema Apparatus,
Trusses, Spinal Supports, Leg Lrons, Infants' Belts, Elastic
Webs, Urinals.

^ J. H. Haywood, Castle Gate, Nottingham.

218 HINTS m SICKNESS. [Pabt HI.

HOOPEB & CO.'S WATEB OB AIB BEDS.

Prices vary with fluctuation of rulher.

Water or Air Mattresses. — The comfort and luxury
derivable from these mattresses can hardly be exaggerated.
By keeping a level surface, they enable the patient to make
any desired movement - or change in position, and being-
elastic in all directions, pressure is neutralized, and bed-
sores prevented or cured.

They may be filled with water at any temperature, or with
air, or, as is recommended, with water and air combined.

For use on Ordinary Bedsteads. — These are made in various
sizes to suit different descriptions of beds, and may be had
either full length, three-quarter length (taking the trunk of the
body down to the knees), or half length (taking the back and
hips, or either separately). The full length mattresses are all
made 6 feet long, and their price varies according to the width
— from about £13 for a mattress 3 feet wide to £23. 10s. for
one 5 feet wide. There are two sizes for the three-quarter
length mattresses — 30 in. by 40 in., and 36 in. by 48 in. ;
and two for the half length — 24 in. by 26 in., and 27 in. by
30 in., the prices being in proportion. The smallest half
length mattress may be calculated to cost £3, 10s.

For So£a>8, Conches, &c. — ^Air or water mattresses are very
useful, not only for sofas, couches, &c., but also for invalid
carriages, or for berths during a sea voyage, diminishing the
jolting and vibration to a very appreciable and comforting
degree. Hand bellows for introducing air into such mattresses
may be had for a small charge, so that they are extremely

l^ARTlII] INVALID I^UllNlTORE AND APPLIANCES. 219

portable and easily managed. A mattress 5 feet long by 2^
broad would cost about £1, 10s. Many kinds of air or water
mattresses can be obtained.

For Cases of Paralysis, &c. — Cases of paralysis, disease of
the spine, accidents, debility, old age, and similar complaints,
require a special kind of mattress, with a central tube for
conveying away the evacuations. Patients suflFering from
incontinence of urine, or from renal paralysis, need an
infinity of attention, to say nothing of clean linen, where
these useful central tube mattresses are not made use of.
Hooper & Co. have constructed a mattress from a design of
Mr Wood, F.RC.S., for the use of such cases, which has a
depressed centre, with an opening of about 4 inches wide, from
which depends a tube about 2 feet long, capable of being used
from both sides, when it is requisite to turn over the bed.
Under the tube is placed on the floor a suitable receptacle for
the reception of the evacuations, slops, &c. A waterproof
sheet, with central hole, is spread over the mattress, and
above this should be placed two blankets placed longi-
tudinally, and meeting in the middle, to enable them to be
slipped away from either side. Mr Wood testifies that this
mattress keeps the patient constantly dry, and quickly heals
bed-sores.

A variety of similar appliances, can be obtained by written
order, accompanied by P.O.O., from

Messrs. Hooper & Co., 7 Pall Mall East, London, S.W., and

55 Grosvenor Street, W.

«
Who send illustrated price lists free by post.

220

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

fPABT ni.

HOWE'S PATENT FOLDINQ SPRINa BEDS AJXD

MATTRESSES.

Patent Folding Spring Bedstead.— This Bedstead is thus

described in the Morning Pos^, .May
19, 1881 :— *' A sofa by day," md
a bed by night. A convenient
arrangement for Private HonseB,
Hotels, Bachelor's Chambers^ &o.^

Suitable for Bedroom Lounges
and Nurseries.

•V- v*.» . ■ . ^-i "■f'~ ■ '2* [

v^hliO'Hl-iilr

TnvahiaJble in every House as a

spare Bed or Sofa.
Most convenient and coniifoHahle
for Invalids.

Patent Spring Bedstead or Combination Couch. — Mr
Charles Eead, Surgeon to the Eoyal Orthopoedic Hospital,

writes of these goods as follows:
— "I cannot speak too highly
of Howe's Patent Mattresses
and Spring Beds, which I have
used during the last four years for
both hospital and private patients.
Their cheapness, cleanliness, and
their always keeping a level elastic surface are great ad-
vantages, and render them invaluable in the treatment of
spinal cases. The small Couches are also most useful, as they
can be easily moved from one room to another."

Patent Spring Mattress. — The whole of Howe's Patent

Articles, and the Patent Spring Beds,
Couches, and Mattresses, of which
illustrations are here given, may be
obtained from all Upholsterers, or of
In all Sizes to fit any Iron or Stewart & Co., Limited, Sole Agents,
WoodsnBeMead. ^^^ Newgate street, London.

Messrs Stewart will forward Illustrated Lists, with
Testimonials, post free.

Part III.] INVALID FUKNITURE AND APPLIANCES. 221

MEOHANIOAL THEBAPET7TICS.

The following works by Mr Heather Bigg may be read
with advantage.

Spinal Onrvatnre. — ^This work comprises a description of
all the various types of curvature of the spine, together with
the mechanical appliances best suited for their treatment. It
is illustrated with pen-and-ink drawings by the Author, and
the subject is brought up to the most recent scientific standard.
By R. Heather Bigg, 8vo. pp. 128, 3s. 6d. Now ready, 20th
thousand.

A Manual of Orthopraxy. — This work fully describes the
mechanical treatn^ent of all the deformities, debilities, and
deficiencies of the human body, which are amenable to
mechanical treatment, under the following heads : — Curvature
of the neck, wryneck, paralysis of neck, pigeon-breast, injuries
of the face, contractions of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and
fingers, deformities of the arm and hand, drop-shoulder,
paralysis of elbow and wrist, writer's and other cramps of the
hand. Curvature of the spine in its various forms, spinal
debility, spinal initation. Eupture or hernia in its various
kinds, trusses, pendulous abdomen, prolapse of womb, pro-
lapse of rectum, sacro-iliac strain. Cleft spine, spinal tumours,
deficiency of thoracic or abdominal walls. Disease and dislo-
cation of hip and knee joints, clubfoot, bowed legs, knock
knees, loose cartilages, sprains, varicose veins; paralysis of
the muscles of leg and foot. The various artificial arms and
legs, prothetic appliances after loss of various parts of the
body. Gymnastics of the body. By R. Heather Bigg, Svo,
pp. 628, I6s.

The above works may be had of

Messrs Ohorchill, New Burlington Street, London.

Or of the Author, 56 Wimpole Street, London.

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

POCOOK BSOTHEKS' WATEB AND AI& BEDS.

The TTniTerBal Tubular and Air Beds. — Eight Prize medals

and certificates.

Consists of a series of separate and distinct cylinders, any
diameter and suitable length, made of vater-proof material
either for vater or air, fitting into a case which keeps them side
by side, but slightly apart.

Its advantages over ordinary water or air, beds aie as
follows : — 1. It is quickly filled and easily adjusted. 2. It is
warm and light, and well adapted for a camp or field-bed,
being waterproof. 3. It admits of ventilation in the ppace
between the tubes. 4. It can be regulated so as to relieve
pressure from any part required. 6. By the temporary re-
moval of air and water from one or two tubes it affords room
for the introduction of a bed-pan.

PRICES.

Bed complete for air of 10 tubes of S in. diam., £6. 10a. ;
Eztra tube for do., 10s. ; Funnel sheet for do., lOs. 6d. ;
Bed complete for water of 10 tubes of 5 in. diam., £6. lOs. ;
Extra tube fordo., 13s. ; Bed complete with double valves
for air and water of 10 tubes of 5 in. diam., £7. lOa. ;
Extra tube for do,, 14s.; Head ^llow, 17b.; Wedge^ape
air pillow, 36 by 24 ins., £2. 5s. ; Bellows, 5a 6d.

Waterproof sheetings and garments, air and water beds,
pillows, cushions, bottles, &c.

Beds and cushions repaired on the shortest notice.

Focock Brothers, Patentees and Sole Hannfkctnreni,
235 Southwark Bridge Boad, London, S.B.

Part III,] INVALID PCENITDRE AND APPLIANCES. 223

STIDOLFH'S PATENT BEDSTEAD,
With Inclestnictlble Etastlc Olotli Sacking

Ib unoqualled for strength,
comfort, and cleanliness, and
ehould havo a place in every
hoapital, asylum, institution,
and hou Behold.

For invalid nae the portable crane assists a patient to raise
himself in bed. For one prostrate, the patent rest raises with
gentle yet resistless power, with ease and silence, remaining
firm at any inclination. Noiseless castors fitted, and water-
proof funnel sheets provided.

Stidolph's patent for epileptics is the only complete and
safe bedstead, being without augles, stuffed all over to pre-
vent iujury from falling on, against, or out of it, and is fitted
with his ventilating pillow, which removes liability of suffoca-
tion from the patient turning on the face in a fit.

The bedstead has special security from detachment of any
part by insane patients, and has received the commendation
of Her M^esty's Commissioners in Lunacy, Inspectors of
Schools, and of the Medical Faculty. It received highest
award at International Medical and,Sanitary Exhibition, Lond.,
1881, "for excellence as hospital bedsteads," and Medal at
Exhibition of National Health Society, Lond., 1883.

Deajlgns and prices on application to inventor and patentee,
Tbos. Wm. Stldolph, Dartford, Kent.

224

HINTS IN SICKNESS.

[PabtIIL

TEiaNMOUTH OABBTINa OHAIB AND FITZBOT

FOOT-BEST.

Teignmonth Carrying Ghair. — ^A simple, portable, and inex-
pensive oontriyancOy in
which an invalid may
be comfortably canied
up a steep and narrow
staircase with the great-
est ease and small ex-
penditure of labour.

It is formed simply of two stout sticks or poles, to which is
securely fastened a broad shaped band of stout carpet Above
this is a shorter and narrower band, which prevents the poles
being held too wide apart, and causes the broad band to fall in
the form of a hammock when in use ; the latter takes the
whole weight of the body, whilst the narrow band supports
the shoulders.

The whole arrangement rolls up into such a small compass that

it can be carried by anyone with one hand, and no house should

be without such a useful chair in case of accident or emeigenqy.

The Fitsaroy Foot-Best, as illustrated, consists of a small

framework covered with
carpet or canvas, to which
are attached two alides
working in a bar suiB-
ciently long to get abear>
ing at the foot-end of any
ordinary bedstead* It can
be regulated by sliding backwards or forwards in the cross
bar, and secured at any point by pegs for that purpose.

Further particulars as to these appliances may be obtained
from

Mrs Bluett, Lady Superintendent, Fitzroy House,
16 and 17 Fitzroy Square, London, W.

PABTin.] INVALID FURIfTTURB AHD APPLIANCES. 225

JOHN WABD'S INTALQ) OHAIKS.
TSo. 1 is Ward's Belf-PropeUing Chair, mounted upon 24-
inch rim wheels outside ; may be used by a child eight years
of age with the greatest ease.

No. 10.

No. 10 is Ward's General Inralid Couch, made with or
without a convenience; it adjusts the back, seat, and legs to
any given position, by means of machineiy; and is re-
commended by the faculty as being the most complete Bed
ever made for confirmed invalids or for fractured limbs.

No. 14 is the simplest and best constructed Chair for carry-
ing invalids up or down stairs. It is also made portable for
travelling

No. U. No. 19.

No. 19.— Ward's Victoria Three-wheel Bath Chair, with
leather hood, German shutter, and patent spring front iron,
to which shafts for a pony may be attached. Illustrated
catalogues &ee on application, 216 and 247 Tottenham Court
Bead, London (late of SavUle House, Leicester Square).

228 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part HI.

BUTHIN SODA WATER AND POTASS WATEB

Are now constant! j recommended by competent authorities
in cases of dyspepsia with acidity, gastric irritation, gout and
rheumatism, acid conditions of the renal secretions, &c.y &c.

The chief objection to these waters, as frequently prepared,
is that they are found to be simply carbonated water, contain-
ing no alkali, and hence are entirely meritless, whilst too often
they are manufactured with dirty and defective machinery
in contact with lead, or with water drawn from an impure
source, most fatal in its effects. Messrs R. Ellis & Son have
gone to enormous expense in erecting machinery of the most
perfect order for the manufacture of these aerated waters,
which are prepared from the celebrated spring situated on
their premises at Euthin, and exclusively their own private
property, the water of which for nearly a century has been far
renowned for its absolute purity. Corks branded R. Ellis
& Son, Buthin, and every label bears name and trade mark,
viz., " Goat on shield,'* without which none is genuine.

B. Ellis & Son, Buthin, North Wales.

Part III.] MINERAL WATERS. 229

WEBB'S MINEBAL WATERS.

These waters, which include double soda water, lemonade,
Brighton seltzer, potash water (bicarbonate), potash water
(citrate), Vichy water, lithia water (containing five grains),
Indian tonic water (containing quinine), ginger ale, gingerade,
and ginger beer in stone bottles, the last three of which are
made from the finest Jamaica ginger and loaf sugar, are all
prepared in apparatus of earthenware, slate, glass, and silver,
thus preventing metallic impregnation. The water used is
obtained on the premises from a spring three hundred and
twenty feet deep, and all Webb's waters are guaranteed to
keep well. For the convenience of families residing in the
country, cases are packed containing two dozen and upwards,
either of one kind or assorted as may be desired^ and by
this system empty bottles may easily be returned. Any or all
of the above waters may be obtained direct from the works,

Islington Green, London, N.,

or from the Shipping Stores,

74 High Street, Southampton, or 6 Bedcross Street,

LiverpooL

aoO , HINTS IN SlCKNEaP. [Pabt ni.

SANITARY APPLIANCES, BATHS.
DISINFECTANTS. Ac.

J. ALLEN AND SONS' BATHS.
Silver Medai, National Health SoeUfy, 1883.
First class award, lateniational Medical and S^uiitaiy Ex-
hibition, 1881, for sick room appliances, mannfactaren. of

bed-baths, bed-pans, invaKds' baths, infants' and invalids' food
varmers, enema and douche with btdet, throat sprays, hos-
pital baths, bronchitis kettles, inhalers, and sole inventors and
manufacturers of the Portable Turkish Bath, can be used for
hot air only, hot air and vapour combined, or for a mercurial
or any medicated bath. For rheumatism, gout, eczema,
lumbago, sciatica, and skin, liver, and kidney affections.
21 and 23_Haryleboiie Lane, Oxford Stareet, Loudon.

POUPABD'S DISINFEOTINa FLUID.
This is particularly adapted for sick rooms, water closets,
urinals, cesspools, drains, stables, &c. Advantages — It disin-
fects efficiently and rapidly by destroying all infectious matter.
It is not poisonous, is &ee from smell, and only req^uires
trying to be appreciated.

Price 3a. 6d. and 5s. per galL

C. G. Poupard, Uanu&ctnrer, 271 Romford Boad,

London, £.

PARTra.] SANITARY APPLIANCES, ETC. 231

BABBON AND WILSON'S SPECIALITIES.

Ventilation. — All fittings necessary for large establish-
ments, hospitals, schools, &c., are kept in stock by Messrs
Barron and Wilson, 7, 8, 9 King William Street, W.C., who
are contractors to the Commissioners of H.M. Works and
Public Buildings, and other Government Departments.

Warming Apparatus— Of the most recent and scientific
descriptions are put up at a moderate cost.

Baths.— These indispensable adjuncts to an hospital or sick
room can be obtained in any variety. Pillar shower baths of
best make, with force-pump complete. Plunge baths, hand
shower baths, also those fitted with gas furnace and linen
warmer, &c. Hydropathic shallow bath, hip bath, sitz
bath, and travelling sitz bath, with covers, locks, and straps.

BedsteadB and Bedding, children's cots, ambulance beds,
folding chairs and blankets of superior quality can be ob-
tained from B. & W.

Stoves.— Hot air stoves with ascending and descending
flues. Joyce's self consuming stoves, suited for cottage hospi-
tals, or private houses. Particulars and prices from

Barron and Wilson, 7, 8, 9 King William Street, London.

232 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part HI.

BENHAM & SONS' APPARATUS.

Patent Cooking Apparatus suitable for all large Institu-
tions, Hospitals, Schools, <&c., &c. Eemarkable for economy in
fuel, simplicity of arrangement, and great external coolness.
All kinds of Cooking Apparatus can also be obtained at Messrs
Benham & Sons, Wigmore Street.

Laundry Drying Closets, made to any size, to suit require-
ments, and heated by same fire which heats the irons for iron-
ing. Messrs Benham & Sons, Wigmore Street.

Fumigating Ovens for disinfecting clothes, made to any
size. To be heated by gas, coal, or coke as desired.

Laundries, fitted with washing and soaking troughs, tables,
boiling vats, strainers, and centrifugal wringing machines.

Washing Machines. — The Davey Washing Machine is well
known, and has been recently much improved by a patent
improved beater.

Pumps for deep wells, for hand or steam power, lifts or
Hoists for hospitals, schools, or any establishments. Lava-
tories, Baths, and Warming Apparatus of all descriptions
can be procured from

Messrs Benham & Son, 50, 52, 54 Wigmore Street,

London, W.

PaktIIL] sanitary APPLIANCES, ETC. 233

THE SANITAS 00., LIMITED.

The ^' Sanitas " Disinfectants are also antiseptics, deodor-
ants, air purifiers, and general sanitary re-agents. Their
active principles are identical with those which are generated
by natural processes in pine woods and eucalyptus forests, and
in fact the " Sanitas *' manufactures are produced by Mr
Kingzett's process which is in itself an exact imitation of that
which goes on in nature.

It is impossible here to fully describe the nature of the sub-
stances which enter into the composition of the various
" Sanitas " preparations ; it is enough to state that they are of
a two-fold character, being both antiseptics and oxidants.

A main feature of these Disinfectants is that they are all
perfectly non-poisonous, colourless, and give no stain. All the
preparations are made from or contain the same active prin-
ciples, and they have been so designed as to fulfil not only
the more serious objects of disinfection as carried out by
sanitary authorities and other public health bodies, but also
to meet the requirements of ordinary households and sick
rooms ; thus, they comprise fluids, oil, an emulsion of the oil,
powder, hard, soft, toilet and brown Windsor soaps, ointment,
veterinary ointment, disinfecting furniture polish, disinfecting
fumigators, antiseptic gauze, and such toilet requisites as
fluid, nursery powder and tooth powder. The evidence con-
cerning the usefulness of these preparations is of the highest
character, and the bare fact that they have been adopted for
use by no less than 600 public health bodies is sufi&cient sub-
stantiation of their great value. Any further information
may be obtained by direct application to the Company. The
address (tf the manufacturers is as follows : —

The ''Sanitas" Oompany Limited, Letchfords Building,
Three Oolt Lane, Bethnal Green, London, E.

234 HINTS IN SICKNESS. [Part HI.

WllL WOOLLAMS & CO/s PAPER.

Pure Paper Hangings, Guaranteed Free from Arsenic. —
Analytical chemists and members of the medical profession
have proved beyond dispute that many illnesses in families may
be traced to the poisonous nature of the wall papers too often
chosen for the rooms of dwelling houses. Careful experiment
has shown that the most popular colours can be produced in
wall papers without the use of any poisonous ingredient.
Unfortunately, however, the majority of paper manufacturers
still use poisonous dyes, and hence it is important that heads
of families and invalids should know that William WooUams &

Co., Manufacturing Paperstainers,
110 High Street, Manchester
Square, London, W., are the
original makers of non-arsenical
papers, the manufacture of which
they commenced in 1859. Having great experience in
the selection of materials, which are all rigorously tested,
they are enabled to supply artistic wall and ceiling papers
in all shades of colour free from arsenic.

^^^ They also desire to announce that a special prize medal
was awarded to them by the Sanitary Institute of Great
Britain in 1879 for "paper hangings free from arsenic,'' after
an exhaustive examination by the analysts to the Institute of
a large number of samples cut from pattern books, extend-
ing over a series of ten years; and they also received an
"award of merit" from the judges at the International
Medical and Sanitary Congress, 1881, for similar papers.

Sole address as above. Note " Trade Mark." Write for
patterns. No travellers employed. *

110 High Street, Manchester Square, W.

THE AYLESBURY DAIRY COMPANY, LIMITED,

Incorporated under the ** Companies' Acts. ''

Established 1866.

DIRECTORS.

Gborgb Smith, EsQm 17 Queen's Gate Gardens, South Kensington, S.W.

Nassau J. Sbnior, Esq., 98 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, S.W.

Sir Hbnry Thompson, F.R.C.S., 35 Wimpole Street, Cavendish Square, W.

H. Yates Thompson, Esq., 26a Bryanston Square, W.

G. Mandbr Allendbr, Esq , " Solna," Rodiampton, Surrey.

CHIEF OFFICE.

ST PETERSBURGH PLACE, BAYSWATER, W.
Be/grauia Branch . . . . 13 Lowndes Street, S.W.
South Kensington Branch . 81 Gloucester Road, S.W.

(Comer of Cromwell Road).

Highbury Branch .... 95 Grosvenor Road, N.

MEDICAL APPROVAL.

The Aylbsbury Dairy Company have between 300 and 400 members of the medical
profession on their list of re^lar customers, many of them gentlemen of the highest
eminence. This fact is significant, as showing the value placed on the measures adopted
by Thb Aylesbury Dairy Company to ensure the supply to the public of pure and
uncontaminated Milk, by those best able to form an opinion as to its importance.

The Aylesbury Dairy Company was the first and, it is believed, is the only dairjr in
the world to establish a completely fitted laboratory, where the science of investigation
of milk and milk-products can be carried on with the most perfect accuracy.

Monsieur L. Pasteur^ on a visit to the premises oyTnv, Aylesbury Dairy Company
Limited, St Petersburgh Placet Bayswatevt London^ on gtk August x88r, wrote in
the Visitors' Book as follows : —

" Je suis charm^ de ma visite. Nous sommes ici dans le regne de Thygiene la mieux
entendue, appliance k une des industries les plus intifressantes. La lutte contre le danger
des germes morbides qui peuvent s'introduire accidentellement dans le lait est poussde
jusqu'k la surety dans la victoire."

Le 9 Ao&tt z88i. " L. PASTEUR, de tlnstitut de France."

TWO OB THBSE DELIVEBIES OF HOLK AND CREAM DAILY,

also OP

KOUMISS, ARTIFICIAL HUMAN MILK, AND OTHER MILK PREPARATIONS.

"What The Aylesbury Dairy Company have done for the public with regard to an
improved milk supply, they have outdone as regards the invalid." — Medical Times and
Gazette,

All descriptions of D^ry Fittings and Machinery.

FuU partlcularB, Price Lists, and Catalogues, may be obtained from
tbe Secretary, AYLESBURY DAIRY COMPANY, Limited, St Peterslrargb
Place, Bayswater, London, W.

HES8BS WALMESLET LE TAVESNIEB ft CO.'S WINES.

WALMESLEY LE TAVERNIER & CO., Limited

(LaU GREEJf ^ Co.),

90 PICCADILLY, W, & 51 PALL MALL, S.W.

General Manager and Secretary —

ALGERNON C. MASTER,
22 Upper Montagu Street, W.

Manager of Pall Mall Branch —

THOMAS JEX.

Bankers —

Sir SAMUEL SCOTT, Bart., & CO.,
I Cavendish Square, W.

Pure wine, free from all adulterations, is admitted by the
whole Medical Faculty to be an essential to the successful
treatment of disease.

Recognising this contention, and desiring to meet a felt
public want, Messrs Walmesley Le Tavemier & Co., Limited,
have every confidence in recommending their Wines for
general use in private houses, public institutions, and else-
where where the sick are to be met with.

PRICE LIST ON APPLICATION.

Terms : $ Per Cent. Discount for Cash ; 5 Per Cent. Interest

AFTER Twelve Months.

236

APPENDIX

DETAILED PARTICULAES OF CERTAIN CHARITIES.

238

CONTENTS.

General Hospitals —

1. London Hospital.

2. Middlesex Hospital.

3. St (Jeorge*s Hospital.

4. West London Hospital.

5. Seamen's Hospital.

6. Westminster Hospital

Private Eetreat —

7. Abingtou Abbey Eetreat.

Special Hospitals —

8. Chelsea Hospital for Women.

9. City of London Lying-in Hospital

10. East London Hospital for Children.

11. Hospital for Consumption, Brompton.

12. Hospital for Women.

13. National Hospital for Paralysed and Epileptic.

Pat Hospitals —

14. Bolingbroke House Pay Hospital.

15. Home Hospitals Association.

16. Hampstead Home Hospital

17. St Helena Home.

18. St Thomas' Home.

Nursing Institutions —

19. Institution for Hospital Trained Nurses.

20. London Association of Nurses.

21. Mildmay Nursing House.

Charitable Agencies.

22. Charity Organisation Society.

23. Metropolitan Hospital Sunday Fund.

239

EDITOR'S NOTE.

The Appendix contains further particulars concerning certain
Hospitals and Charities, the managers of which desired to
state briefly the aims and objects of their Institution and its
financial requirements, with the view of securing donations,
subscriptions, and legacies from the numerous readers
amongst whom this book will circulate. It is proper to
observe that, whereas the absence of a Charity from this
Appendix conveys no reflection upon its management, the
philanthropist may rest assured, that to the best knowledge
and belief of the Author, every Charity the name of which
appears in the following pages is doing an excellent work, and
may be supported with confidence, and that any funds entrusted
to the managers will be laid out to the best advantage.
Certain advertisements have been refused admission because
the Author felt considerable doubt as to the management and
bona fides of those who wished to appeal for public support.

240

LEGACIES TO CHARITIES.

Philanthropic persons who have desired to benefit Charities
by Will have often failed in their object owing to loose word-
ing, or an inexact description of the Institution intended to
be benefited. Others, again, have failed through not knowing
that very few Charities can receive recU estate or impure
personaity, and it may be useful therefore to give the names
of these Institutions. The Hospitals with such powers
known to the Author are only four in number, viz., the Bath
Infjmary, Dreadnought Seamen's Hospital (Seamen's Hos-
pital Society) Greenwich, Middlesex Hospital, and St
George's Hospital. Any real estate or impure personalty
left to any other Hospital would be void in law. The follow-
ing Forms of Bequest may be found useful : —

A. — Form of Gift by Will of Lands, &c. ' .

[Only applicable in the case of the Institutions referred to above.]

I give and devise to the all that, etc.

[describing the lands, houses, rents, or other property], for
the use of the said Institution.

B. — Form of Bequest of Money, &c.

[Applicable to all Institutions.^

I bequeath to the [give the exact title of the Institution]
the sum of £ for the use of the said Institution^ to

be paid free from Legacy-duty, and I declare that the receipt
of the Treasurer for the time being of the said Institntion
slinU be a sufficient discharge for the same.

LONDOU HOSPITAL, VfllTECHAPEL, £.

" Humani nihil a me aUenuni puto.'*

PresideHi-U.R.K, The DUKE op CAMBRIDGE, K.G.

Treasurer-HENRY HUCKS GIBBS, Esq.

CAtf«>wfa»— JOHN HENRY BUXTON, Esq.

THE LONDON HOSPITAL bases its appeal for help on the following grounds :—
It maintains nearly 800 beds, and being the only large general hospital for the
eastern half of the metropolis and the vast suburbs adjacent, its resources are constantly
taxed to the utmost. // is virtuailjf a free hospital^ devoted to the service 0/ the public;
nearly three-fourths of^ the In-Patients being received without the recommendation of
Subscribers. The Patients are, in fact, admitted into the wards according to the severity
of their cases, as judged by the medicsJ and surgical officers.

Nd accident^ or similarly urgent case^ is ever refused adtmssion.

The yearly cost of maintenance may be stated as over ;C47,ooo, while the assured
income of the Institution (from Endowments) is not much more tnan j^x^^oao a year. To
carry on its important work, the London Hosi>ital is therefore principally dependent
upon the liberality of the general public, especially as the districts surrounding the
HMH.UU are extremely poor^ andean contribute but slightly to its support.

The following figures will show the value of this Institution in the treatment of
Accident and Disease :—

PATIEMTS TREATED AT THE LONDON HOSPITAL IN 1882.

IN-PATIENTS {admitted).

Without j Accidents, 2,39S) . ^--x

TiVryfetf/*. (Urgent Extra Cases, . . . 2,542)* *'^37f 7^,7,
Recommended by Governors, 3,234'

Children's Ward. — 1,358 Children were among the Patients admitted.

Hbbrbw Patients. — ^During the past year 441 Hebrew Patients were admitted into
the Special Wards provided for their use. (No separate record is kept of .the Hebrew
Out-Patients, of whom large numbers are constantly under treatment.)

NoTB.^The Wards of the Institution are always open, and those interested in
hospital work are invited to inspect them.

Out-patients (Renewals not included.)

Without
Tickets.

Accidents. 7»6;o

Minor Casualties (10,707), &C. 21,070

Maternity Patients (attended at own homes). . . 1,888

Dental Patients. 4,042

[ Skin (4,663), Aural (t,io6), Ophthalmic (7*474). • 8,243

t New SpeciaJ Departments 462

43i375

Recommended by Subscribers 19,062

Total of Out-Patients treated during the year 1882. . . ■ 62,437

Governorship, Annual, £$. 5s., Life, £z^. los., entitling to (6 Patients' Tickets per
annum.

Subscribers of less than £$. 5s. yearly receive Three Tickets per guinea.

The persons recommended are treated as In or Out Patients according to the
Doctor's opinion of the requirements of their cases.

BANKBRS.*Mes5rs Robarts, Lubbock & Ca, and Messrs Glyn, Mills, Currib
&Co.

A. H. HAGGARD, Secretary.

Q *1A^

THE MIDDLESEX HOSPITAL,

MORTIMER STREET,

ox::for.3d sti^eet, "W.

Founded 1745. Incorporated 1836.

The MiddUsex Hospital is entitled by Act of Parliament to take by Will and to

HOLD Real Property.

THE WEEKLY BOARD OF GOVERNORS earnestly solicit the SUCCOUR of
the public to the support of this old-established Hospital, which contains 3x0 beds.
33 beds are devoted to the Cancer establishment, instituted in X793» where the natient is
allowed^ to remain " until relieved by art or released by deathi" ^1^^^ beds are
appropriated to women suffering from diseases peculiar to their sex. 'tnjt other 370
beds are occupied by patients alSicted with the various medical and sut^gical diseases
and accidents to which the poor and labouring classes are subject.

2833 In-patients, and 31,790 Ont-dcxHT patients were r^Uevwl last
year, indlndlng 628 Lyln£:-in Women, wbo were attended at tbfllr
own lionies.

THE INCOME FROM ALL THE SOURCES OF THE CHARITY 18 QUITE

INADEQUATE FOR ITS MAINTENANCE.

A SUBSCRIPTION OF THREE GUINEAS G0NSTITUTB8 AN ANITIFAL

GOVERNOR, THIRTY GUINEAS A GOVERNOR FOR UFE.

Donations and Subscriptions will be thankfully received by the Trettonn,
R. RuTHVEN Pym, Esq., 50 Strand, W.C., and Henry Hoarb, Esq~ x CavenAih
Square, W. ; the Bankers, Messrs Coutts & Co., Messrs HoARB, Messrs Dxw-
MOND & Co., and Sir Samuel Scott & Co. ; the Collector, Mr W. H. Chapxjdh,
5 Canonbury Square, Islington ; and the Secretary-Superintendent, at the HosnpitmL
—By order, RALPH LEESON, MAJOR, MJL,

Secretary 'Su^rintetuUni,

ST. GEORGE'S HOSPITAL.

Hyde Park Corner, S.W.

President— Ker MAJESTY the QUEEN.
T ^» ^. /The duke of WESTMINSTER, K.G.
ireasurers— "(^ colonel FRANCIS HAYGARTH.

The Hospital provides accommodation for 350 In-Patients.

SUBSCRIPTIONS or DONATIONS are moat earnestly solicited.
St George's Hospital is empowered, by Act of Incorporation, to hold
Landed Property. C. L. TODD, Secretary,

VEST LONDON HOSPITAL, HAIHERSHITH ROID, 1.

Supported by Voluntary Contributions.

Patron^H.R.K. THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G.

TILL the end of 1882 the Hospital was constructed to contain forty-four Beds only.
Owing to the nature of the cases brought for admission, it has htea necessary
during that year to keep three extra beds in constant use. 678 In-Patients were
admitted, ana nearly 14,000 Out-Patients attended to. The number of Out-Puimt
attendances was 43,136.

The West Wing has just been completed, and will enable the beds to be increased to
more than 100. One of the new wards is for Children only, and is to contain 30 Cots.
Practically, therefore, there is a Children's Hospital in West London.

Funds are urgently required to meet the augmented expenditure to be incurred by the
opening of the new wing, and to continue the reduction of a debt wWch byg(me years of
adversity have accumulated, and which still amounts to nearly ;^6,ooo.
xst January 1883. R. J. GILBERT, Steg^., S*c.

Bank^^^^ JLONDON & COUNTY BANK, Hammbrsmith Bbancr.
tfanfiers- -^hERRIES, FARQUHAR & Co., z6 St Jambs' Strbbt, S. W.

24^

SEAMEN'S HOSPITAL SOCIETY,

GREENWICH. S.E.

IStJPPORTED BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS.

FUNDS URGENTLY NEEDED.

IncoqmratedbySpecialAct of Parliament in 1B33, wilh power to receive
f mny Moneys, Messuages, Lands, Tenements, Rents, Annuities, &c, whatso-
I ever, not exceeding the sum ofi;'l2,ooo per annum, in addition to any sums
I of money to any amount, and any Goods, SMps, itc., of whatever value.

Free to Sick Seamen of every Ifation.

Dispensary for Out-Patients — Well Street, London Docks.

JVo Admission Ticket or Letter of Ragminendaiicn required.

Upwards of 330,000 relieved since establishment, bara no less than 42
Idifferent Countries ; and the average number of Patients during 1SS2
nkrgei than. It hka ever been tiefoie in any one year, having been T51*,
■U compared with *T13, the average of the prceeding ten years.
B QaaliJicalioH of a Covetnor — One Guinea armually, or a Donation of
tio Guineas.

Contributions and new Annual Subscriptions will be thankfully received

by the Bankers, Messrs WiLtUMs, Deacon & Co., zo Birchin Lane,

■jimdon, E.G., or by the Secretary al the Hospital, Greenwich, S.E,

Wl Her Most Gracious Majesty the Quken yearly subscribes One

U lundred Guineas, and the Commlttes eameatly appeal to the Olurttable

"3II0 to assist in raising the Annual Sul>scription5 to ;£sooo per ariQum.
is reliable income will place the Society's Funds on a sound financial
K llBsis, and obviate the necessity for issuing special appeals for support.
' Ipfonnation afibrded by sending a letter to the Hospital, addressed to
W. THOS. EVANS, Setretary.

WESTMINSTER HOSPITAL,

BROAD SANOTUABT, S.W.

Hie Oldest Unendowed HospltaL Instltated 1719.

Supported by Voluntary Contributiona,

FUNDS ABE MUCH NEEDED.

During 1882, 2,141 In-Patients and 20,711 Out-Patients were treated.
The daily average number of occupied Beds was 165. The yearly cost of
maintaining each occupied Bed was;f6i. 8s.

The Expenditure was . • . ^11,368 o 9

The Income from all sources. • . 8,793 5 4

Deficiency. .... £2, $74 ^5 5

The aggregate deficiency during the last three years is;£'9,i47. 6s. I id.

Annual Subscriptions are earnestly desired.

The qualification for a Governor is £30 Donation, or ^3. js.
Annually.
Contributions should be paid to

Messrs HOABE, 37 Fleet Street ;

Messrs RANSOM, BOUVEBIE ft Co., 1 PaU Mall, East;

or to tbe SECBETABT at the Hospital.

SIDNEY M. QUENNELL, Secretary,

ABINGTON ABBEY RETREAT,

Near NORTHAMPTON.

This old, high class Establishment, instituted some thirty-seven years since For the
Treatment of the Mentally and Nervously Afflicted, of the Upper and Middle Classes,
and one of the earliest to abolish the old Madhouse System of Restraint and Seclusion,
and adopt the enlightened and humane Treatment since accepted as the only true method
of approaching these sad maladies with the hope, if not of aire, at least of alleviatioo ;
still continues its efforts in the same spirit under the general management and control of
the late Dr Prichard's brother, who, thoroughly conversant with the treatment hitherto
so successfully adopted, is also assisted by the lady members of the family, and efficient
Medical advice and care ; the object of each being, while quietly exercising all necessary
moral and physical supervision, to make the place as homelike as possible — many patients
of both sexes whose condition allows of it, daily associating, and living with the family
—an end scarcely attainable under the necessarily inelastic routine of large public
Establishments.

The House, within twenty-five minutes walk of tbe fine Market-town and its
Amusements, and of three Railways communicating with all parts of the Country, is still
thoroughly retired in its fine, well wooded surroundings of many acres, with Church
adjoining, and with its liberal management and homelike arrangements, will be found a
charming refuge for quiet, chronic cases

For Terms^from £;i\ per Quarter— and other Particulars,
apply to Mr H. S. PRICHARD.

244

CHELSEA HOSPITAL

FOR WOMEN.

Queen's Elm, Fulham Road,
LONDON, S.W.

Consulting fS^|)?0tctan0*

Sir Andrew Clark, Bart, M.A,, M.D.
Robert Barnes, M.D.

Consulting ^tgeon*

Jonathan Hutchinson, F.R.C.S,, F.R.S.

fS^|)?0tctan0«

James H. Aveling, M.D.

Arthur Wellesley Edis, M.D. (Lond), F.R.C.P.

Fancourt Barnes, M.D., M.Ch.

900t0unt fg^|)e0tctan0*

John James, M.B. (Lond.), F.R.C.S.

Edwin Harding Lendon, M.A, M.B. (Oxon.)

John Phillips, B.A., M.B. (Cantab.)

burgeon IDenttstt

John Hamilton Craigie, M.R.C.S.

This Hospital is for the reception and treatment of gentle-
women in reduced circumstances and respectable poor women,
suffering from those distressing diseases to which the female
sex is liable, irrespective of social position. They are admit-
ted from all parts of the United Kingdom. Gratuitous
treatment is given to the poor on the recommendation of a
Governor. For twelve years there has been a Paying Depart-
ment, into which Patients are admitted upon paying such
fees as their means will allow.

The Hospital is quite unendowed, and excepting the small
fees obtained from some Patients, it is

ENTIRELT DEPENDENT ON VOLUNTABT SUPPORT.

J. S. WOOD, Secretary,

CITY OF LONDON LYING-IN HOSPITAL

CITY ROAD, E.G.

Instituted 1750.

'T*HIS HOSPITAL was established for the reception and delivery of respectable poor
•*• married Women. It has also an Out-Patient Department for the delivery of Women
at their own homes. Over 1500 relieved annually.

New Annual Subscriptions and Donations urgently needed, and will be thankfully
received by the Bankers, Messrs Robarts, Lubbock & Co., xs Lombard Street, or at
the Hospital, by R. A. OWTHWAITE, Secretary,

FORM OF BEQUEST.

" I give and bequeath to the Treasurer for the time being of *The City op London
Lying-in Hospital,' in the City Road, the sum of* to

be applied towards the charitable objects of the said Hospital, and I desire that the said
sum of* be paid, free of Legacy Duty, out of such part of my Per-

sonal Estate as I may lawfully bequeath to the purpose of the said HospitaL"

* The sum to be expressed in words at length.

THE EAST LONDON HOSPITAL FOR CHILDItEN

AND

DISPENSARY FOR WOMEN,

SHADWELL, E.

President— TH^ VISCOUNT ENFIELD.

Chairman— THOUAS CHARRINGTON, Esq.

Vice-Chairman^-CHh^'LE.S A. PRESCOTT, Esq.

Treasurer-E.T>VfA.KD S. NORRIS, Esq.

THIS HOSPITAL being dependent on volufttary contributums, the
Managing Committee earnestly Appeal to the benevolent for that
generous Help which is indispensable to its due sustenance.

During the past year (ist of May 1882 to 30th April 1883), 754 Children
were received as In-Patients, and 12,613 Women and Children were
treated as Out-Patients, making a total of 1 3.367 of the Sick Poor to whom
the benefits of this Charity were dispensed. The Hospital maintains 92
Beds, which are always filled by suffering little children.

Subscriptions and Donations will be thankfully received by the
Bankers — The Alliance Bank, Bartholomew Lane, E.C. ; Messrs
DiMSDALE, Comhill; Messrs CouTTS, Strand; Messrs Prescott & Co.,
Threadneedle Street ; and by ASHTON WARNER, Secretary.

246

•EXTENSIOir OF THE

HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTION,

BROMPTON.

THBpressure for admission has rendered an Extension a long-felt necessity. A MSW
BUILDIKa lias been Erected opposite the existing Hospital (with its aoo BedsX
to contain

137 ADDITIONAL BEDS.

The ordinary Expenditure of the parent Hospital is about ;^x7,ooo a year," and the
maintenance of the New Building, now fully occupied, adds nearly £10,000 a Year

to the expenses. The Charity, bemg unendowed, is dependent on DonationB,
Annual Subscriptions, and Legacies.

CONTRIBUTIONS are therefore much NEEDED, and arc earnestly solicited in
^d of the funds.

Treasurei^-Tva. EARL of LEVEN and MELVILLE.

Bankers— lILtssss WILLIAMS, DEACON, & CO.

_ HENRY DOBBIN, Secretary.

THE HOSPITAL FOR WOMEN,

SOHO SQUARE, W.

Patron .... H.R.H. the PRINCE OF WALES, K.G.
President . . . The EARL of SHAFTESBURY, K.G.
Chairman . . . SiR RUTHERFORD ALCOCK, K.C.B.

The first Estab/iahed, and Largest of its Speciality.

FUNDS MOST URGENTLY NEEDED.

BANKERS.

Messrs Barclay, Bevan & Co., 54 Lombard Street, E.C.
Messrs Ransom, Bouverie & Co., i Pall Mall East, S.W.
DAVID CANNON, Secretary.

MTIOMAL HOSPITAL FOR THE PAfiALYS£D AND EPILEPTIC,

QUEEN SQUARE, BLOOMSBURY.
Country Branch— ^^5*7' END, FINCHLEY.

Chairman of the Board, Treasurer.

Lieut.-Colonel Porter. Hon. H. Dudley Ryder.

Bankers —

CouTTS & Co., Strand, W.C; Union Bank, Princes Street, E.C.

Thb Hospital was established at the Mansion House in 1859, under the Presidency of
the Lord Mayor (Mr Aid. Wire), in relief of a class of sufferers for whom no provision
had been made, yet who were in most instances ineligible for all General Hospitals.

In x88i, the first part of a new Hospital was qpened, and the Board of Management
have now entered upon the task of erecting the Main Building. ^

The new Hospital will contain from 150 to x6o beds (making with the Finchley B*3nch
a total of x8o bedsX and it is estimated that beyond the amounts already proviued a
sum of about £20^000 is needed to cover the cost of erection.

The provision of a Hospital designed for sufferers from nervous diseases is a pressing
nationsu want. This Charity possesses the best of recommendations for a speciau
Hospital — it is served by a numerous staff of distinguished physicians, of which it has
been said that " no more brilliant constellation of names has ever been presented." The
Lancet says — " It is an institution of which the profession may be proud, for there is no
doubt but that to past and present members of its medical staff we are indebted in a very
large measure for the great advances in neurological science for which the last twenty
years have been remarkable." Its operations extend to all parts of the kingdom. In>
patients have been admitted during the past few years from nearly every parish in
London and suburbs, and from upwards of 700 cities and towns of Great Britain and
Ireland.

Donations towards the Buildinpf Fund or in aid of maintenance will be gratefully
acknowledged. B. BURFORD RAWLINGS, Secretary,

A HOME IN SICKNESS.

Committte of ^anagcmmt.
Arthur G. Browning, Esq.
The Hon, Conrad Dillon.
k. M. Henslby, Esq.
SirTRKVOR Lawrence, Bart., M.P,
ROBT. J.MANK,EEq.,M.D., F.R.G.S.

Edward Vaughan Morgan, Esq.
Henry M, Soule, Esq.
Edward Taylor, Esq., M.R.C.S.
James G. Wainwright, Esq.

J. S. Wood, Esq., WoodviUe, Upper Tooting, S.W.

BOLINGBROKE HOUSE

PAY HOSPITAL

li a ROU DT SICSKS8B for UuMO wbo need tlu adTontigei of Hoqpltal
Itwtment kod Nurstng, and irho ara able to par vlufllr or partlaUy

The Hospital has a Consulting Staff [who are connected with some of
the chief London Hospitals), an Acting Staff, and Resident Medical
Officer and Nurses, and there is a Ward for Children as well as for
Adults of both sexes.

Patients (except such as are incurable or suffering from Fits or Insanity)
are received upon paying a. reasonable proportion of their actual weelcly
cost, if thiy are net in a foatian to pay thi whaU amaitnt, which averages
£2. as. weekly.

THE HOME HOSPITALS ASSOCIATION

(FOR PAYING PATIENTS),

FITZROY HOUSE, 16 & 17 FITZROY SQUARE, LONDON, W.

EBtabllBlied 1877. Xnoorporated 1878.

President and Chaimtan of Ccmmittee—THR'DVYi'E. of NORTHUMBERLAND

Treasurer— Y. COX, Esq.
Honorary Secretary— KK^TCi C. BURDETT, Esq.

THIS ASSOCIATION has been established for the purpose of opening several small
Hospitals and Convalescent Institutions for the Upper and Middle Classes^ where
anyone can obtain» on payment, all the advantages of Ilo^ital treatment, in addition to
many of the comforts ot home, not the least of which will be the attendance of the
patient's own doctor, and the presence of a friend or relative if desired. The movement
was originated at the Mansion House only aAer the weightiest approval had been given
to it by the most eminent members of the medical and le^ professions, heads of existing
hospitals, and others.

^ "nie Association having been incorporated, the liability of a Governor or Member is
limited to the amount he may subscribe.

A Governor by contributing Fifty Guineas has the following^ privileges among
others : — Eligibility^ to serve on the Committee of Management, and priority of admission
to the Homes for himself and his family when ill.

A Donor op Twenty Guineas becomes a Member op the Association, with the
privilege of priority of admission for himself when ill.

Fltiroy House, 16 and 17 Fltiroy Square, the first Engllsli Home
Hospital, constitutes a Home in Sickness for those who need Hospital
Treatment and Nursing, and who are able to pay something for such
advantages when ill. So great has heen the demand for admission
that it has heen necessary to purchase the next house, and so double
the number of beds. This has entailed an expenditure of £0,000, and
to meet this outlay an appeal is now made.

Fltiroy House is already self-supporting, and if the £0,000 of capital
now required is subscribed the Association will be self-extending also.

The " Memorandum op Association" enacts that —

'* The income and property of the Association shall be applied solely towards the pro-
motion of the objects of the Association as set forth in this Memorandum of Association,
and no portion thereof shall^ be paid or transferred directly or indirectly, by way of
dividend or bonus, or otherwise howsoever by way of profit to the persons who, at any
time, are or have been Members of the Association."

MIDDLE-CLASS CONVALESCENT INSTITUTIONS.

The scheme above submitted havinj;: found favour with the ptublic, it is intended to
combine, Home Hospitals in Town with similar Institutions in Sea-side and other
localities, where the cure of Convalescent Patients may be completed.

Legacies and Contributions to Capital may be sent to the Bankers, Messrs
Barnetts, Hoarbs & Co., 6a Lombard Street, London ; or to the Honorary Secretary,
at Fitzroy House, x6 and t7 Fitzroy Square, London, W., where further and more
detailed information can at all times be obtained.

24li

ESTABLISHED X858.

INSTITUTION FOR HOSPITAL

TRAINED NURSES,

27 NORTH AUDLEY ST., GROSVENOR SQUARE, W.

FOB THE SUPPLY OF BESIDENT MEDICAL, SUBOICAL,
HENTAL, AND MONTHLY NVSSES.

Terms on application to the Lady Superintendent, Hiss Harrison.

THE LONDON ASSOCIATION OF NURSES.

Chief Office— 62 NEW BOND STREET, W.
Branch Office— 86 KENNINGTON PARK ROAD, S.E.

Superior Hospital-trained Nurses for Medical, Mental, Monthly, Sur-
gical, Fever, and Small-pox Cases, are always in readiness. Also Male
Attendants and Medical Rubbers. In this Association the Nurses are not
paid by small salaries, but after a year's probation receive their earnings.

HOME HOSPITALS FOR THE WELL-TO-DO.

In connection with the Association of Nurses there are '* Home Hospital^*-
where Patients can be received under the care of their own Physicians,
each Patient being provided with a separate room.

Hospital No. I. — For Medical and Surgical Non-infectious Cases.
Hospital No. 2.— A Country House, with £rge Garden, for Convales-
cents. Hospital No. 3. — For the Reception of Convalescents £rom
Infectious Diseases. Hospital No. 4. — For the Cure of Inebriates.

Terms from Four to Twelve Guineas per Week, according to Nursing
and Accommodation required. Addresses of Hospitals given only to
Patients or their Friends. Letters or Telegrams to be addressed to —

M. FIBTH, Superintendent,

62 NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W.
252

MILDMAY NURSING HOUSE,

129 AND 131 MILDMAY ROAD, LONDON, N.

(mjRSINO BRANCH OF THE MILDMAY DEACONESS INSTITUTION.)
Rasmnn SupnaiCTBNDBNT— MUs DBAN.

Tramed Sisten and Nurses are sent into private families from this EsUblbhment.
Ap^catioa for Siiten and Norses to be made to the Resident Superintendent at the
Nnrsmg House.

OMMral UiMMi, 41. lli. 6d. per ifMk.
Iiftoaaw da., «L8s.fBrlrtaiidadwwks.
On da, 4Llla.6d.te 8d and ftl-
lowiif

Typludd Fever and Cancer, £2. Ss. for lit
and 2d weeks.

Do. do., £Llli. 6d. for

8d and Ibllowinff weeks,

Ttiigrmmtf TrmvelliMgt mud Lmmdrttt txtrm^ and in Inftctita CmseSt 15^. m Uaving.

Charity Organisation Society,

OFFICES OF THE COUNCIL-
IS BUOKmaHAM STBEET, ADELPHI, W.O.

Patron.— HU^ QUEKN.

PrtsideMi -THE LORD BISHOP OF LONDON.

Chmirmmm ^CcumcU^THE EARL OF WEMYSS AND MARCH.

TVwuvr^.— ti. B. PRAED, Esq.

OBJECTS.

I.— To bring into harmonious co-operation with each other and with the Poor Law
authorities the various charitable agencies and individuals in the district.

II.— To investigate thoroi:^hly the cases of all applicants for charitable relief.

Hid— To place gratuitously at the disposal of all charitable agencies and private
persons the mvestigating machinery of the Committees of the Society.

IV.— To obtun from the i»roper charities, or from charitable individuals, suitable and
adfiqnate relief for deserving cases.

v.— To assist from its own frmds, and as far as possible in the form of loans, all suit*
aUe cases fat which adequate assistance cannot be obtained from other sources.

VLr— To repress mendidty.

VIL— To afibrd to the i^olic at huge information regardmg the objects and mode of
woridng of existing charities.

VIIL— To promote, as &r as possible, the general welfrure of the poor.

The "CHARITY ORGANISATION REPORTER,' the official organ of the Society
published weekly throog^iont the year, is sent post free for a year for (a* 6d.

Contributioiis for the woric of the Society are earnestly requested, and may be paid
at the Central OflEne^ 15 Bucfcini^iam Street, Adelphi, or, to the account of the * Charity
Organisatioo Sodely/ with Messrs Coutts ft Ca, 59 Strand, W.C.

C. S. LOCH, Stcretavy.

253

FREE SURGICAL AID TO THE POOR.

METROPOLITAN HOSPITAL SUNDAY FUND.

PATRON—H^K MAJESTY THE QUEEN.
The Right Honourable the LORD MAYOR, President.

Special Department for the supply of Surgical
Appliances on the recommendation of any contribu-
tory Clergyman or Minister.

The Council of the Hospital Sunday Fund hav-
ing exhausted the amount authorised by. resolution of
Members to be expended during the year in the pur-
chase of Surgical Appliances, and so many necessitous
and distressing cases coming daily under their ob-
servation, make an URGENT APPEAL for Special
DONATIONS to enable them to continue their opera-
tions in this Department.

Cheques and Postal Orders should be crossed " Bank

of England," and be sent to Mr. HENRY N. CUSTANCE,

the Secretary, at the Mansion House, London,
254

INDEX.

Abinqton Abbey Retreat, 244
Abscesses, 185
Accident, first help in, 180
Acids, bums by, 148

„ poisoning by, 149
Aconite, poisomng by, 150
Administration of oils, 169
Admission, general terms of, 3
iErated Waters, 227-9
After measures in infectious cases,

192
Ailments, minor, 180
Air-Beds, 218-222
Alcohol, poisoning by, 150
Alkalies, poisoning by. 150
AUen aiid Hanbury^s Farinaceous

Food, 200
Allen & Sons' Baths, 230
Almond Flavour (poison), 152
Alum Lotion, 158
Ammonia, poisoning by, 150
Antimon^r, poisoning by, 150
Apollinaris, 226
Arm, fracture of, 141
Arrowroot, 196

„ Cream, 199
Arsenic, poisoning by, 150
Artery, wounding o^ 142
Artificial Human Food, 201

,, Bespiration, 145
Attlia* Swiss Milk Food, 201
Aylesbury Dairy Company, 235

Barley Water, 197
Barron & Wilson's Specialties, 231
Bathing of Sick Persons, 166
Baths^SO, 231

„ Mineral Water, 63

,, Sea water, 127
Batter pudding, 199

Bed for invalid, 216, 224

Bed-making, 166

Bed-pan, 168

Bed-pulls, 142

Bed-rests, 172, 217

Bed-sores, 178

Beef jeUy, Benger's Peptonised, 200

Beef tea, 195

Belladonna, poisoning by, 150

Benger's Self -Digestive Food, 201

Benham & Sons' Cooking Apparatus,

232
Benzol (poison), 152
Bite of dog, 147
Black currant jelly, 197
Bladder, diseases of, 131
Blanc mange, 199
Bleeding, stopping of, 142
BUnd, institutions for, 4
!Kisters, application of, 170
Blistering fluids, poisoning by, 150
Blood, spitting of, 144
„ vomiting of, 144
Bluestone, poisoning W, 151
Body, deformities of, 52
Boils, 185
Bolingbroke House Pay Hospital, 105

and 248
Bowel, descent of, 158
Brain, concussion of, 149
Brand's Extract of Beef, 200
Bread j^ultices, 174
Bronchitis in children, 155, 159
Bruised cut, treatment of, 138
Bruises, 181
Bums, 148

Calomel, 156
Calves foot jelly, 197
Cancer, institutions for, 13

256

INDEX.

Carbolic add, 19^

Carbolic add, poi8onin|f by, 150

Carbonic ada, suffocation from, 146

Canyinff chair, 224

Carorick's beef peptonoids, 200

Castor oil, 169

Caustic, poisoning by, 151

Certificates, 3

Chair for invaUd, 216, 225

Champagne cup, 199

Chapped hands, 184

Charcoal fumes, 146

Charcoal poultices, 174

Charity organisation society, 14, 253

Chelsea Hospital for Women, 245

Chest diseases, 27

Chicken broth, 196

Chicken pox, 189

Chilblains,184

Children, diseases of, 154

Children, institutions for, 21

Children's food, 161

Chloral, poisoning by, 150

Chloride of zinc, 194

Chlorodyne, 152, 210

Chloroform, poisoning by, 151

Cliolera, 189

Chorlton & Dugdale's invalid furni-
ture, 216

Chronic cases, 66

Chronic hospitals advocated, 66

City of London Lying-in Hospital,
246

Claret cup, 199

Clean cut wounds, treatment of, 138

Clinical thermometer, 178

Club-foot, 52

CodUver oil, 169

Coins, swallowing of, 149

Cold applications, 176

Cold, effects of, 148

Cold in eye, 184

CoUc, 153

CoUar-bone^ fracture of, 141

Compound fracture, treatment of,
140

Concussion of brain, 149

Condensed milk, 201

Cond^^'s fluid, 194

Constipation, 158

Consumption Hospital, Brompton,
247

Consumption institutions, 27

Convalescent institutions, 81
Convulsions, 161
Cookery for sick-room, 195

Coppersalt, poisoning by, 151

Com flour, 196

Corns, 185

Corrosive sublimate, poisoning by,

151
Cottage hospitals, 119
Couch for invalid, 217
Counfy hospitals, future position of,

67
Cradles for limbs, 142
Creosote, poisoning by, 150
Cripples, 52
Croup, 159

Crown Tea Compaiw*s Teas, 207
Curable deafness, 55
Custard pudding, 198
Cuts, tr^tment of, 139
Cyanide of potassium, poisoning by,

151

Darby's Fluid Meat, 200

Datura tatula, 215

Deadly night-shade, 150

Deaf and diunb, institutions for, 47

Deep wounds, treatment of, 139

Deformities of body, 52

Dental institutions, 54

Descent of bowel, 158

Diabetic Food, 215 -.

Dialysed iron (Bravais), 208

Diarrhoea, 187

Diarrhoea in children, 159

Diet of sick persons, 169 ^

Digestion of articles of diet, 202-3

Digitalis, poisoning by, 151

Dinneford^s Fluid Magnesia, 208

Diphtheria, 189

Dipsomania, 70

Discharge from eyes, in infants, 157

Discharge from wounds, 137

Diseases of lui^, 159

Disinfectants, m 233

Disinfection, 189-193

Dislocations, treatment of, 140

Dispensaries, 108

Dog bites, 147

Draw sheets, 167

Dressing of wounds, 137

Drowned persons, treatment of, 145

Drugs, useful, 172

Drunkenness, 70, 150

Eab, diseases of, 55

„ foreign bodies in, 149
Earache, lo4
East London Hospital, 246

INDEX.

257

Eczema of head, 158

Egg and brandy^mixture, 196

%g^uddin^, 198

Elastic bands for stopping bleeding,

lis
. Elastic stockings, 188
Elbow, dislocanon of, 141
Emerald green (poison), 152
Emergencies, treatment of, 137
Emetics, list of, 152
Enemas, 171
Enteric fever, 191
Epilepsy, 99
Epileptic fits, 182
Erysipelas, 189

Escape of gas, poisoning from, 146
Essential oil of almonds (poison), 152
Evaporating lotions, 176 '
Eye, cold in, 184

,, discharge from, in infants, 157

,, foreign bodies in, 183

,, inistitutions f or, 58
Eye-drops, 173

Faintinq, 181

Farinaceous food, 157, 201

Farinaceous food (Neaves*), 212

Feeding cup, 168

Feeding of sick persons, 168

Fever hospitals, 73

Feverishness of children, 156

Finger, dislocation' of, 141

First help in accidents, 180

Fistula hospitals, 61

Fits, 182

Fitzroy Foot-Rest, 224

Fitzroy House, 101, 249

Flames, how to put out, 148

Fly papers (poison), 152

Fomentations, 175-6

Food for infants, 215

Food for sick room, 194, 207

Foot, diseases of, 52

Foot-rest, 224

Foreign bodies in nose, eye, and ear,

149, 182
Foreign bodies in windpipe, 146
Foreigners, hospitals for, 61
Form of bequest, 240
Foul discharge from wounds, 137
Foxglove, poisoning by, 151
Fractures, treatment of, 140
Freeman's Chlorodyne, 210
French omelette, 198
Frostbite, 148
Fry's cocoas, 210

Fumigation, 193

Furniture for invalids, 216-225

Gas, poisoning from escape of, 146
General dispensaries, 108
General hospitals, 119
Gentlewomen, institutions for, 62,

106
Gnat stings, 147
Gtodfrey's cordial, 152
Gout, 63

Grey powder, 166
Gruel, 196
Gums, lancing of, 157

Habitual drunkards, 70
Hampstead Home Hospital, 250
Hands, chapped, 184
Hanging, treatment for, 146
Haywo^'s Surgical Appliances, 217
Head, bleeding from, 143

,, eczema of, 158

„ injuries to, 149
Heartburn, 159
Hemlock, poisoning by, 151
Hints on nursing, 164
Hip, dislocation of, 140
Hip joint, diseases of, 62
Home Hospital for well - to - da

inebriates, 71
Home Hospitals Association, 101, 249
Hooper and Co.'s air and water beds,

218
Hospital for Consumption, 247
Hospital for Women, 247
Hospital, sickness in, 119
Hospital Simday Fimd, 128, 254
Hot fomentations, 175
Howe's folding beds, 220
Hunyadi Janos, 226
Hydrochloric acid, poisoning by, 14J^
Hydropathic establishments, 63
Hydrophobia, 147
Hystencal fits, 182

lOE bags, 176
Ice, preservation of, 169
Idiots, 64
Imbeciles, 64
Incontinence of urine, 159
Incurable cases. 66
Indigestion, 152, 156
Inebriates, 70
Infection, 189
Infectious hospitals, 73
Infirmaries, general, 119

B

258

INDEX.

Inflamed wounds, treatment of, 140

Inflammation of lungs in children, 154

Ingrowing toe nail, 185

Infections, 171

Injuries, minor, 180

Insane, hospitals for, 83

Insect stings, 147

Institution for hospital nurses, 252

Iodoform ointment, 177

Iron, dialysed, 208

Isolation, 189

Jacket poultices, 174

EiDinsTS, diseases of, 131
Koumiss, 201

Labubnttm seeds, poisoning by, 151

Lacerated wounds, treatment of, 139

Laudanum fomentations, 176

Laimdry drying closets, 232

Laurel water (poison), 152

Lead, poisoning by, 151

Leeches, application of, 170

Leg, bleeding from. 144

Leg, fracture of, 140

Legacies to Hospitals (form of), 240

Lemon, salts of, 152

Lemonade, 197

Lice in head, 186

Liebig's extract of meat, 200, 211

Liebig's food for infants, 201

Lightning stroke, 148

lime biscuits, 215

lime, bums by, 148

Liniments, 177

Linseed poultice, 173

linseed tea, 197

Lock Hospitals, 82

London A^ooiation of Nurses, 252

London Fever Hospital, 73

London Hospital, 241

London School Board, and Deaf and

Dumb, 47
Lotions, 177

Lucifer matches (poison), 152
Limar caustic, poisoning by, 151
Lunatics, 83

Lungs, diseases of, 154, 159
Lyjng-in hospitals, 90

Maqnesia (Dinneford^s), 208
Malt extracts, 201
Management of children, 161-62
Measles, 189
Meat foods, 200

Mechanical Therapeutics, 221

Medicine measures, 1^2

Mellin's Food, 201

Metropolitan Asylum Board hospitals.

Metropolitan Hospital Sunday Fund.

ife, 254
Middlesex Hosp»ital, 242
Midwifery Charities, 90
Mildmay Nursing House, 253
Milk foods, 201
Mineral water baths, 63
Mineral waters, 226-229
Mushrooms, poisoning by, 151
Music instruction f or.blmd, 5
Mustard as an emetic, 152
Mustard plaster, 174
Mutton broth, 195

National Hospital for Paralysed, 247

Neaves* Farinaceous Food. 212

Needles, swallowing of, 149

Nepenthe (poison), 152

Nervous diseases, 99

Nettle stings, 146

Nestle's Milk Food, 201

Neuralgia, 153

Neuralgic affections, institutions for,

63
Night shade, poisoning by, 150
Mitric acid, poisoning by, 149
Nitro-benzol (poison), 152
Nocturnal incontinence, 159
Noise in the sick room, 164
Nose, bleeding from, 144
Nose, foreign bodies in, 149
Nursing, general hints on, 164
Nursing institutions, 93
Notification of infectious cases, 101

Oatmeal Gbuel, 196

„ porridgOj 196
Oil of almonds (poison), 152
Ointments, 177
Old woimds, washing of, 137
Omelette, 198
Ophthalmic hospitals, 58
Opium, poisoning by, 151
Opium poultices, 174
Orange jeUy, 199
Orthopaedic cases, 52
Orthopraxy, manual of, 221
Oxalic acid, poisoning by, 150

Panada, 196
Pancreatic emukioii, 215

INDEX.

259

N

Paper hangings, 234

Paralysis, 99

Parvules, 156

Patent foods, 199

Patients' payments, 120

Pauper ii^titutions, 3

Pauper lunatics, 83

Pay hospitals, 101

Pedicuh, 186

Penalties, re infectious diseases, 194

Phosphorus, poisoning by, 151

PUes, 61

Plants, stings from, 147

Pocock Brothers' water and air beds,

222
Poisoning from escape of gas, 146
Poisoning, immediate treatment of,

149
Poisons, list of common, 149-151
Poppies, syrup of (poison), 152
Poppy fomentations, 176
Posset, 197

Potash, poisoning by, 150
Potassium cyanide, ploisoning by, 151
Poultices, 173

Poupard's Disinfectic^ Fluid, 230
Preservation of ice, 169
Provident dispensaries, 111
Prussic acid, poisoning by, 150
Puerperal fever, 189
Pumps, 232

Pure Coffee Company, 212
Pyaemia, 109

Eabies, 147
Raspberry vinegar, 197
Rat poisons, 152
Rawlings' iErated Waters, 227
Raw meat soup, 195
Rectum, diseases of, 61
Relapsing fever, 189
Relief agencies, 14
Report for doctor, 178
Respiration, artificial, 145
Restorative beef essence, 195
Restorative jelly, 198
Retreats for inebriates, 70
Rheumatic gout, 63
Ribs, fracture of, 141
RingwonxL, 186
Robb's Nursery Biscuits, 213
Rules for sick room, 164
Rupture societies, 128
Ruthin soda water, 228

St George's Hospital, 242

St Helena Home, 250

St Thomas' Home, 104, 251

Sago, 196

Salt of lemons, 152

Salt of sorrel, 152

Sanitas Company, 233

Savory & Moore^s Fluid Meat, 216

Savoury jelly, 198

Scalds of windpipe, 160

Scarlet fever, 191

Scarlet fever convalescents, 33

Scarlet fever, hospitals for, 73

School attendance after infectious

diseases, 193
Scrofula, 127

Sea bathing establishments, 127
Seamen's Hospital Society, 243
Sherry cup, 199
Shoulder, dislocation of, 141
Sick room, arrangement of, 164
Sick room cookery and food, 195
Sick room, rules for, 164
Sickness at home, 108
Sickness in hospital, 119
Simple fracture, treatment of, 140
Skin diseases, 127
Skull, fracture of, 149
Small pox, 191

Small Pox Hospitals, 73

Snake bites, 147

Soap strapping, 172

Soda, poisoning by, 150

Soothing syrup, 152

Sorrel, salt of, 152

Spasms, 153

Spinal curvature, 221

Spine, diseases of, 52

Spirit of salt, 152

Spitting of blood, 144

Splints, temporary, 142

Sponging of patients, 166

Sprains, 181

Spring mattresses, 216, 220

Stabs, treatment of, 139

Stidolph's patent bedstead, 223

Stimulants, 152

Stings of insects and plants, 147

Stocking, elastic, 188

Stone, ho^itals for, 131

Stoves, 231

Strangling, treatment of, 146

Strapping of woimds, 137, 138

Stroke, 183

Stroke by lightning, 148

Strychnia, poisoning by, 151

Stye, 184

260

INDEX.

Subcutaneous injections, 171

Suffocation, 144-5

Sugar of lead, poisoning by, J151

Sulphur as a disinfectant, 193

Sulphuric acid, poisoning by, 149

Sunstroke, 147

Suppjositories, 171

Surgical appliances, 128, 217

Swtdlowing foreign bodies, 149

Sylvester's method of restoring

drowned, 145
Syphilis ho^itals, 82
Syrup of poppies (poison), 152

Talking in sick rooms, 164

Tartar emetic, poisoning by, 150

Teeth, care of, in sickn^, 166

Teething, 156

Teignmouth carrying chair, 224

Temperature of i)atients, 178

Temperature of sick room, 165

Temporary deafness, 55

Temporary splints, 142

Terms of admission, 3

Thigh, fracture of, 140

Thread worms, 158

Throat, diseases of, 55

Thrush in children, 157

Thumb, dislocation of, 141

Ticket system, 119

Tiffany muslin for poultices, 174

Time of digestion of foods, 202-3

Toast and water, 197

Toe nail, ingrowing of, 185

Toothache, 153

Tom-off limbs, treatment of, 139

Tourniquet, application of, 143

Trained nurses, institutions for, 93

Treacle posset, 197

Treatment of emergencies, 137

Trusses, 187

Truss societies, 128

Turpentine fomentations, 153, 176

Tuipentine, poisoning by, 151

Typhoid fever, 191-2

Typhus fever, 192

Unconscious patients, feeding of, 168
Urinary organs, diseases of, 131
Urine, incontinence of, 161

Taccination, 131, 185
Valentine*s meat juice, 200

Van Abbott's Foods, 214

Varicose veins, bleeding from, 144

Vaseline, 177

Veal soup, 197

Veal tea, 196

Veins, bleeding from, 142, 144

Venereal diseases, 82

Venomous insects, stings o^ 147

Ventilation of sick room, 165

Vermin killers, 152

Visitors to sick room, 164

Vomiting, 187

Vomiting of blood in children, 144

Voting system condemned, 66

Wall papers (poisonous), 233

Widm^ey, Le Tavemier, and Oo.'8
Wines, 236

Ward's invalid chairs, 225

Warming apparatus, 231

Warts, 185

Washing machines, 232

Washing of sick persons, 166

Wasp stmgs, treatment of, 147

Water beds, 218, 222

Water dressings, 176

Webb's mineral waters, 229

West London Hospital, 242

Westminster Hospital, 244

Wettmg of beds, 169

Whey, 197

Whispering in sick rooms, 164

White precipitate, poisoning by, 151

Whitlow, 185

Whooping cough, 189

Windows of sick room, 165

Windpipe, diseases of, 160

Windpipe, foreign substances in,
146

Windpipe, scalds of, 160

Wine whey, 197

Women, cuseases of, 133

Woollams and Co. 's pure paper hang-
ings, 234

Worms, 158

Wounds, treatment of, 137-40

Wrist, dislocation of, 141

Yeast poultices, 175

Zinc ointment, 177
Zymotic diseases, 189

WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

HOSPITALS AND THE STATE: HOSFITAI*
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36 A List of

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MACDONALD, G, ^continued,

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